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Átírás

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2 º«gGôHG IQƒ S 14. kqdxp C_vdmlow a -bn Ah-X-cn- Xv hn-\-߃ 52 hn`mkw (dp-iq-dv) 7 C_vdmlow \_n- (A)bp-ambn _ -s ]e hnh-c-ßfpw AS-ßn-bn-cn- p- - XvsIm v Cu kqdøv At±-l-Øns t]cn Adn-b-s -Sp p. 25 kqd-øp-i-fn-embn, 69 ÿe-ß-fn C_vdmlow (A) s t] Izp -B-\n {]kvxm-hn- -s - n- p v. _lp-am-\-s \qlv \_n-(a)bpss ]p{x-\mb kman (ìƒf øh ΩÉn S) s HºXmw ]u{x Xe-ap-d-bn C_vdmlow (A) P\n- p-sh- mwv ]d-b-s -Sp- Xv. \qlv (A) \pw At±-l-Øn-\p-an-S-bn F{X sim -am-wp- -sx v Xo -s -Sp-Øm km[y-a. ss vfns (Xudm-Ønse) IW- p-{]-imcw \qlv (A) s P\-\hpw C_vdmlow (A) s P\-\hpw XΩn 890 sim -Øns hyxymk-am-wp- Xv. CXv kzoi-cn- p- -] w Ipd- p-imew c p-t]cpw Htc-k-a-bØv Pohn- n-cp- p-sh v ht pw. \qlv (A) 950 sim w Pohn- -Xmbn Izp -B {]kvxmhn- n- p- -XmWv. ap Im-e-Øp kw`-h-ß-sf- p-dn v Dd- mb Ime-\n Wbw e`n- pi {]bm-k-am-wt m. C_vdmlow \_n-(a)bpss ]nxm-hns t] Xmdlv AYhm, txclv (ìqénj Terah) F mwv ]e ap^- n-dp-ifpw, Ncn-{X-Im-c- mcpw ]d-bp- Xv. Izp -B-\n Hcn-SØv 74 : (C_vdmlow Xs ]nxmhv "Bkdn"t\mSv ]d- -t mƒ) F v ]d-bp p. CXn \n v ]nxm-hns t] "Bk ' F m-sw v hcp p. ta kqnn- n ]WvUn-X- m Ch-cn ap Km-an-Ifpw ]n Km-an-I-fp-ap v ]d-bp- Xv Bk (QRBG) F t] At±-l-Øns Hcp c mw t]tcm, As - n ÿm\-t tcm BsW- m-ip p. thsd Nne A`n-{]m-b-ßfpw Chn-sS-bp v. Ahbpw, Ah-bpsS hni-zo-i-c-w-ßfpw D -cn p \ap v Zo Ln- n-t - -Xn. Npcp- n- -d- m, Bk F Xv At±-l-Øns km m t]c F mwv `qcn-]- m-`n- {]mbw. AtX-k-a-bØv Izp -B At±-lsØ ]cn-n-b-s -Sp-Øp- Xv "Bk ' F t]cn-em-wp-xm\pw. \mspw, IpSpw-_hpwhn p-t]mcpwapºmbn C_vdmlow \_n(a) CdmIzv {]tzißfn H n-e-[niw ÿeøv Xma-kn- n- p- -Xmbn ImWp p. GXm-bmepw 2383

3 At±lw ]± -A-c-anse (ΩGQG G~a) (*) hnπ-h-im-cn-bmb Hcp bphm-hm-bn-cp p. CXv DØc Cdm-Izn bq{]- okv, sss{kokv (á L~dGh ägôødg) F o \Zn-Iƒ n-s-bn-ep Hcp ka-x-e-am-ip p. sak-s]m-tøay (**) F v ]d-bp- Xpw ]± -A-capw H v Xs. Z nw Cdm-Iznse Du F I tzbm (Ú«fG~ µdg QhG) ] -W-Ønepw At±lw Iptd-Imew Xma-kn- n- p v. IqSmsX, Iq^m ( naƒoc) lmdm ( GnQÉnM) _m_ntem (πhéh) F o ÿe-ß-fnepw hkn- n- p v. ]nxm-shm- n pw, A m-sxbpw At±lw ÿew amdn-amdn Xma-kn- n-cp p. AXp-sIm v P\-\-ÿew GXm-sW- - Xn `n m-`n-{]m-b-߃ ImWpw. an -hmdpw Dudn \n mwv At±lw Ah-km-\- ambn kztziw hn v iman-te v bm{x-t]m-b-sx v hnnm-cn- Ww. ta I t]cp- Ifpw, Hmtcm- ns AXn Ønbpw kq va-ambn \n W-bn- m C v km[y-a. Ncn-{X-`q-]-S-ß-fn \n v GXm-s ms a\- n-em mw F v am{xw. Z nw _m_n-tem-wy-bn bq{]- okv \Zn-bn \n v ]ncn-bp Hcp txm ns Ic-bn-em-bn-cp p Du ] Ww. {InkvXz_vZw 1922\pw 1931\pan-S-bn \S-Ø-s Kth-j-W-ß-fn \n v C_vdmlow \_n-(a)bpss Ncn-{X-hp-ambn _ -s ]e tcj-ifpw I p-in- n-bn-cn- p p. At±-l-Øn\v hfsc apºv-xs hnhn[ ]cn-jv mc-ß-fn ap n p \n n-cp Hcp {]tz-i-amwv _m_n-temwy. AXnse Hcp ] -Wam-bn-cp p _m_n-tem. (***) bq{]- okv \ZnbpsS sxs Ic-bn C sø _mkvzmzv ] -W-Øn \n v GI-tZiw 50 \mgni sx m-bn-cp p _m_n-tem ] Ww ÿnxn snbvxn-cp- Xv. Ct mƒ CXv iq\y-ambn InS- p-i-bmwv. N{µm-cm- [\ \S-Øn-bn-cp hºn t {X-ßfpw, hfsc apºv Ign- p-t]mb Pe-{]-f-b- Øns AS-bm-f-ßfpw Dudn \n v I p-in- n-bn- p v. \qlv \_n-(a)bpss Ime- Øp- mb {ipxn-s Pe-{]-f-bhpw ( - ìƒf ÉaƒW) At±-l-Øns hmk-ÿ-ehpw _m_n-tem-wy-bn-em-bn-cp- p-sh- mwv IqSp-X _e-amb A`n-{]m-b-sa hkvxpx ChnsS kvac-wo-b-amwv. (****) a\p-jy-hmkw BZy-ambn `qan-bn Bcw-`n- Xpw _m_n-tem-wy-bn-em-bn-cp- p-sh v ]e Ncn-{X-Im-c am pw A`n-{]m-b-ap v. (*) ]±³-Acw F p ]d-bp- Xv {]mno\ Cdm-Izn- m-ip p. ]Sw 4 t\m pi. (**) sak-s]m-t ay øjô ædg ÚH Éeh Iôjõ G (Mesopotamia) (***) _m_n-tem F t]cnâ CuPn-]vXnepw Cdm-Iznepw Hmtcm cmpyap v. (****) CsX-gpXn AÂ]- am-k- Ä Ign-ª-tijw ]{X- -fnâ {]kn-²-s - Sp- n- c p hmà -IÄ D²-cn- p- Xv ChnsS kµàt`m-nn-x-am-bn-t m- p p. H m-a-t Xv A½m-\nÂ\n pw. c m-a-t Xv e -\nâ \n p-apå dnt mà«p-i-fm-ip p:þ 1. "ax-{k-ù- -fnâ ]d-bp iniwk \K-c- nâ C_vdmlow \_n(a) {]mà \ \S- n-bn-cp XÂ_-em- n-tâ-sx p Icp-X-s -Sp Ah-in-jvS- Ä Hcp ]uckvxy Kth-j-I-kwLw Ipgn-s -Sp- n-cn- p p. 16 kàæ-i-em-im-e-isfbpw, 5 cmjv{s- -sfbpw {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn- p Hcp ]uckvxy Kth-j-I-kw

4 C_vdmlow \_n-(a)bpss ]nxmhpw, \m p-imcpw hn{k-lm-cm-[-\- m-cm-bn-cp p. kqcy-n-{µ-\- -{Xm-Zn-I-sfbpw Ah Bcm-[n- p-h- n-cp p. cmpm- - msc Bcm-[y- m-cm-bn- -cp-xepw A m-e-ß-fn km[m-c-w-amwv. ]nxm-hm-is, t {X-Ønse ]qpm-cnbpw, _nw_-ß-fp- m n hn p- -h\pw IqSn-bm-bn-cp p. ]p{x sndp- wap-x t kzx-kn- -amb _p n-tbmspw, hnth-i-tøm-spw-iqsn hf p-h p. {]mbw XnI- -t m-tg pw A mlp At±-l-Øn\v "At±-l-Øn-t -Xmb Xt S'hpw \ In. ]nxmhpw a pw acw, I v apx-em-b-h-sim v \n an- p hkvxp- sf sszh-am n Bcm-[n- p- Xv hnuvvn-ø-am-sw v At±lw ]c-ky-ambn {]Jym-]n- p-hm XpSßn. ]nxm-hp-ambpw, \m p-im-cp-ambpw, `c-wm-[n-]-xn-bp-ambpw At±lw ]e hmkzm- Z-ßfpw \SØn. Ahsc Nn n- n- p-hm-\mbn Hcn- \ -{X-amWv Xs sszhsa pw, ]n osv \ {Xw ad- p-t]m-b-t mƒ AXv Bcm-[n- -s -Sp-hm sim p- I-bn N{µ-\mWv Xs c n-xm-sh pw, AXpw AkvX-an- p- -Xn-\m, AXpa G hpw hen-b-xmb kqcy-\mwv Xs d v F pw hmzn p. ]n osv, kqcy\pw AkvX-an- p-t]m-ip- -Xv\n-anØw CsXm pw Xs Bcm-[y-\m-Ip-hm sim p-ibn-s pw, BIm-i-`q-an-I-fpsS c n-xmhv am{x-amwv d m-bn-cn- p-hm A ls\ pw {]Jym-]n p. ]t, \m p-im Nn n- p-hm {ian- msx `oj-wn pw, X -Øn\pw Hcp-sº-Sp-I-bm-Wp- m-bxv. (Cu kw`hw kqx A Bw ImWmw.) At±-lsØ Cu kwcw-`-øn \n v ]n a-s- p-hm A sø cmpmhv Hcp ]cn- {iaw \SØn. "Pohn- n- p- -h\pw ac-w-s -Sp-Øp- -h-\p-amwv Xs sszh-sa- t Xm ]d-bp- Xv? F m AXv c pw Rm snøp- p-ht m!' F v cmpmhv ]d p. AXm-bXv: Rm ]e-scbpw sime-s -Sp-Øp-Ibpw, simt - p ]escbpw sime-s -Sp-ØmsX hn -b- p-ibpw snøp- p-ht m F Yw. c p-t]sc hnfn p Hcp-hs\ sim p-ibpw, at -hs\ hn -b- p-ibpw snbvxp ImWn- p-sh pw ]d-b-s -Sp p. _men-i-amb Cu hmzw I -t mƒ C_vdmlow (A) Hcp adpssi {]tbm-kn p; "F m, Fs d v kqcys\ Ing- p-\n v DZn- n- p p; Xm\Xv ]Sn- m-dp-\n v sim p-h-cpi!' CXm-bn-cp p AXv. CXn cmpm-hns hmb-s- pt]mbn! (A _-Izdx 258) C_vdmlow \_n-(a)bp-ambn hmkzmzw \S-Øn-bXpw, At±-l-Øns i{xp-hmbn-cp- -Xp-amb cmpm-hns t] Izp -B-\n ]d- n- n. \wdqzv (Ohoôrªnf) F L-amWv Cu Øes kw_-ôn v Kth-jWw \S- p- Xv. (2) "\qlv \_n-(a)bpss I -ensâ Ah-in-jvS- Ä I p-]n-sn- m³ KthjWw \S- n-s m- n-cn- p Hcp kwlw Ata-cn- ³ ]pcm-x-hkvxp Kth-j- I³amÀ v Ing- ³ XpÀ n-bnse Adm-d v ( ) ae-s -cp-hnâ 14,000 ASn Db-c- nâ Hcp henb I -ensâ Ah-in-jvS- -fm-sw v txm p GXm\pw ac- -Sn-IÄ I p-in-«n-bn-cn- p p. Hcp XpÀ n- m-c-\mwv CXp I p-]n-sn- Xv. CXn³ta Ct mä Kth-jWw XpSÀ p-sim- n-cn- p-i-bmwv. (N{µnI: ]p: 30; e: 239/4þ9þ62) ( ) Adm-d v ]ÀÆXw ]Sw 4  t\m pi. 2385

5 t]cn-emwv Abmƒ Adn-b-s -Sp- Xv. \qlv \_n-(a)bpss k -Xn-I-fn s] lmans ai-\mb Iqin (ΩÉM øh Tƒoc) s ai-\mwv \wdqzv F v ]d-b-s -Sp p. ]t, \wdqzv F t]cn H n-e-[niw {]mno\ cmpm- ƒ D m-bn- p- -Xmbn _m_n-tem-wybp-ssbpw, Aiviq-dn-s bpw Ncn-{X-Øn ImWm Ign-bp- -Xp-sIm v Ah-cn GXv \wdq-zmwv At±-l-Øns Ime-Øp- m-bn-cp \wdq-sz v Xo Øp- ]-d-bpi {]bm-k-amwv. ss vfns Hcp hymjym\ \nl- p-hmb "thz-]p-kvxi \nl p"hn \n pw Xmsg simsp- p D -c-wn-iƒ ChnsS \ap v ]expw a\- n-em- p-hm DX-Ip p: 1. "A{_-lm-ans ka-im-eo-\-\mb lωp-d_n F cmpm-hmwv BZy-ambn CXns\ (_mt_ ] Ww) _m_n-tem cmpy-øns Xe-ÿm-\-am- n-bxv. _m_n-tem cmpyhpw Aiv-iq cmpyhpw {]txyi cmpy-ß-fm-bn-cn- p-tºmƒ Cu c p cmpy-߃ pw XΩn-ep- mb bp -Øn _m_n-tem ] Ww _m_n-tem- Wy-cpsS AXn-hn-in-jvS-amb Hcp tim -bm-bn-cp p.' (th.]p.\n.]pdw: 293) C_vdmlow \_n(a)-bpss ImeØv H n-e-[niw cmpm- -fpss hmgvn \S- n- p- m-ip- -Xn\v hntcm-[-an- t m. lωp-d-_n p A{am-s^ F pw t]cp- m-ip-hm-\-h-im-i-ap-s v ASpØ D c-wn-bn \n v {Kln mw. 2. "A{_lmw txc-lns ]p{x-\m-bn-cp p. Ah Z nw sakm-s]m-tø-aybn I tz-b-cpss Du ] -W-Øn PmX-\mbn. At\-I-h j-ß-fn AhnsS Xmakn p. _m_n-tem-\y lωp-d_n F p hnfn- n-cp A{am-s^ _m_n-tem-\ybnse cmpm-hm-bn-cp ImeØv (GI-tZiw {In.ap. 2300) A{_lmw Du ] -W- Øn \n v ]pd-s v I\m tziøv h p ]m Øp. Xs Pohn-X-Ime ]cy w I\m-\nepw, an{k-bo-anepw (*) Ahn-S-hnsS IqSm-c-a-Sn p Xma-kn p. Ch\pw _m_ntem-\y- mcpw Cßns\ tzi-t`zw `hn- Xp am{x-a, ` n-bnepw hfsc hyxym-kap- m-bn-cp p. Ah-sc-t mse Ch hfsc sszh-ßsf Bcm-[n- msx btlmhsb (sszhsø) bmwv X\n pw Xs Ime-Øn\pw sszh-sa v Xocp-am-\n p Ahs\ am{xw Bcm-[n- p-h p...' (th.]p.\n.]pdw: 18) ]t, lωp-d_n ( phgnqƒoªnm) bpw, A{am-s^epw H m-sw Imcy-Øn `n m-`n-{]m-b-ap- v-xm\pw. 3. "Ch (\nwtdmzp) Aiv-iq-dn \o\sh (iƒæ«f) F ] Ww ]Wn-Xv AhnsS Xs cmpyw ÿm]n p F pw, _m_n-tem AYhm _mt_ F \Kcw \n an p F pw ]d- n-cn- p p... _m_n-tem\y `mj-bn Chs t]cpw Ah Bcm-[n- p-h satcm-tzm v F tzhs t]cpw H m-bn-cp- -Xp-sIm v Ah Ahs\ tzh-\mbn hnnm-cn p h p F v Adn-bm-hp- -XmWv.' (]n osv Awdm-s^ cmpm-hn-s\- n Cßns\ ]d-bp p:) "A{_-lm-an-t\mSv bp w snbvx io\m (_m_ntem ) cmpm-hmb A{am-s^epw ]pcm-x\ _m_n-tem\y cmpm-hmb lωp-d-_nbpw Htc Bƒ Xs F v Nne v txm n-bmepw, ]WvUn-X-\mb hp n (Woolly) Cu Imcy-sØ- p-dn p kwi-bn- p p. (th.]p.\n. ]pdw: 26). 4. \nwtdmzpw (\wdqzpw) _m_n-tem-\y ]d-bp BZy-cm-Pm-hmb Kn Km-taipw Hcp cmpmhv Xs -bm-sw v hnnm-cn-t - n-bn-cn- p p. `mkw 201). Npcp- n- -d- m (*) ]Sw 2 Dw 3 Dw t\m pi. 2386

6 \wdq-zns\ kw_- n p icn-bmb Hcp hnh-cww \ap- n-hnss e`n- pi km[y-a. Ckvemw Ncn-{X-hp-ambn hf-sd-tbsd _ - Hcp cmpy-am-w-t m CdmIzv. B ÿnxn v C_vdmlow \_n(-a)-bps kzcm-py-am-bn-cp {]mno\ Cdm-Izns Hcp kmam\y hnhcw IqSn ChnsS Adn-bp- Xv Aÿm-\-Øm-hp-I-bn-. Cdm-Izns ]e `mk-ßfpw ]e ImeØpw ]e t]cp-i-fn-ebn Adn-b-s - n- p- v. ]e `c-w-iq-s-ßfpw AhnsS Ign- p-t]m-bn- p-ap- v. IqSp-X hn{ip-x-amb c p cmjv{s-ß-fm-bn-cp p A»q-dpw, _m_n-tem-wy-bpw. Ccp-cm-Py-ß-fp-sSbpw Ncn{Xw XΩn _ -s - p-sim- m-wp- -Xv. c pw Hmtcm ImeØv Npcp-ßnbpw hni-kn- p-w At\ym\yw ebn- psim pw Ccp- n- p- v. AXn-\m, Hmtcm- n-s bpw AXn Øn Xn -s -Sp-Øp-hm \nhr-øn-bn-. DØ-c-`mKw Aiviq-dpw, Z n-w-`mkw _m_n-tem-wybpw BsW v ]d-bmw. Ahn-SsØ P\-߃, bp w, si n-s-\n am-ww, in ]-the, \mbm v apx-em-b-hbn-epw, hnzym-`ymk hnj-b-ß-fnepw ka - m-cm-bn-cp- p. i{xp -tfmsv Ah {Iqcambn s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp- p. Ccp-cm-Py- mcpw s]mxphn _lp-ssz-hm-cm-[-i-cm-bn-cp- p. _m_n-tem-wy- m n- mø Hcp sszh-am-bn-cp- p "Aiviq tzhx.' CXv Aiviq-cn-Iƒ v am{x-ap- -Xm-bn-cp- p. _m_n-tem-wy-bn, cmpm- -sf- mƒ ]ptcmln-x- m pw, Aiviq-dn adn- p-am-bn-cp p ÿm\w I ]n- -s - n-cp- p-xv. Aiviq {In. ap apx GXm v {In. ap. 6 mw \q m- p-hsc \o p-\n- p. C_vdm-low \_n-(-a)bpss Imew-ap-X kpsse-am \_n(-a)-bpss Imew-hsc imap-im pw (C-kvdm-Cu blq-znbm (*) F o cmpy-߃ pw) Aiviq Im pw CS-bn Imcy-amb _ w D m-bn-cp- n-. ]n osv _m_n-temwym cmpm-hmb \_q-j-zmt\-k (ô üæàîh) Pcq-iew ( S~ ŸG â«ñdg) \in- n- -Xp-hsc Ah v Aiviq-dn-s\- bpw, _m_n-tem-wy-sbbpw `b-s - p-sim- n-cn-t - n-h- p. kqcn-b (**)bpss Ings AXn Ønbpw, Aiviq-dns ]Sn- msd AXn Ønbpw H m-bn-cp- p. BIbm, Aiviq hni-kn- p- -] w AXv kqcn-bsb \jvs-s -Sp-Øp-a-t m. (***) \nco- -I- m v e`n tcj-i-fn \n v Aiviq `cww hfsc A`n-hr n {]m]n- -Xm-bn-cp- p-sh- pw, ]cn-jvir-x-amb ]e `c-w-n- -ßfpw AhnsS \S- n-ep- m-bncp- p-sh pw a\- n-em- mw. _lp-ssz-hm-cm-[\ k {X \S-am-Sn-bn-cp- p. BImi-tZ-h, `qan-tz-h, kqcy-tz-h, N{µ-tZ-hn, Ima-tZ-hn F n-ßns\ ]e tzho-tz-h- mcpw IqSm-sX, ]e hn{k-ßfpw Ah-cpsS Bcm-[y- m-cm-bn-cp- p. kz Ww sim p hn{k-l-ßfpw Ah \n an- n-cp- p. `qx-ß-fn-epw, a{ -ß-fnepw Ah hniz-kn- n-cp- p. p{zw, B`n-Nmcw apx-emb "knlvdn's C\-ßfpw {]Nm-c-Ønep- m-bn-cp- p. ]e imkv{x-ß-fnepw ss\]pwyw t\sn-b-h-cp- m-bn-cp- p. ac-ws - -h-cpss Bflm-hns `mhn-sb- p-dn v Ah n-s-bn `n m-`n-{]m-b-ß-fm-bn-cp p D -Xv. Cl-temI Pohn-X-Øn sh- p-xs tzh am-cpss {]km-z-øn-\p-th- n-bm- W-h Bcm-[\ \S-Øn-bn-cp- -Xv. ta ]d- -{]-Imcw C_vdmlow \_n(-a) Xs P\-Xsb \ m- n-øo p- (*) ]Sw 1 Dw 3 Dw t\m p-i. (**) kqcnbm kncn-bm(-imw) (***) ]Sw 4 t\m p-i. 2387

7 hm ]e ]cn-{i-a-ßfpw snbvxp-t\m- n. AsX mw hn^-e-am-ip-i-bm-wp- m-b-xv. At±-l-am-I-s, ]cn-{iaw Du n-x-am- n-s m- p-an-cp- p. Ah-cpsS hn{k-lßsf simøn-ap-dn- -Xpw, AXn ^-e-ambn Xo p-wvu-øn Fdn-b-s - Xpw \mw hmbn- p-h-t m. (*) Xs ]nxmhv Hcp kxy-hn-izm-kn-bm-bn- - m sim m-sa- p- AXym-{K-l-Øm At±-lsØ hfsc ` n-bm-z-c-thmss D]-tZ-in- p-t\m- nb hnhc-hpw, Abmƒ ais\ Fdn- m- p-hm {ian- Xpw kqdx a b-anepw \mw I p. A n-ip-wvu-øn \n v c -s - -Xv-I p kzp-\-ß-fn Ipd- m-fp-iƒ hniz-kn- p-i-bp- m-sb v ]d-b-s -Sp- p. ]t, `c-w-iq-s-sø-bpw, \m p-im-scbpw `b- p-sim- n-cn- p-i-bm-w-h. \m n-ep- -h-sc mw i{xp- ƒ. kxyw tiƒ p-hm-\p ImXpw, Nn n- p-hm-\p lrz-bhpw At±lw AhnsS I n-. Aßn-s\, kztz-itømsv bm{x-]-d-tb- n-h- p. A mlp At±-lsØ "A\p-Kr-lo-X-amb `qan'-bn-te v (im-an-te- v) c -s -Sp-Øn-s m- p-h- p. ktlm-z-c-]p-{x eqxzv (A), `mcy kmdx (IQÉ S) F n-hcpw IqsS-bp- m-bn-cp- p. Ah At±-l-Øn hniz-kn- -h-cm-wv. eqxzv \_n-(a)bpss `mcybpw IqsS D m-bn-cp- p-sh pw ImWp- p. ]nxm-hns ]m]- tam-n-\-øn-\p-th n At±lw A m-lp-thmsv {]m Yn p t\m p-sa v ]d- n- p- m-bn-cp- p-sh- nepw, ]nxmhv A m-lp-hns i{xp-hm-sw v shfn-s - -t mƒ, At±lw AXn \n v Hgn- p-i-f- p. (kqdx Xu_x 114) "ta ]d- -h-scbpw C_vdmlow \_n(-a)-sbbpw Iq n-s m v I -B-\n-te v t]miphm-\mbn ]nxmhv Dudn \n v lmdm-\n h p; AhnsS ]m Øp Ahn-sSsh v ac-w-s p; ]n osv btlm-h-bpss (sszh-øns ) I ]\ {]Imcw I -B- \n-te v t]mbn; lmdm-\n \n v t]mcp-tºmƒ C_vdmlow \_n(a) v 75 hbm-bn-cp p' Fs ms ss vfn (D ]Øn: apx 12 6 hsc ]dbp p. Izp -Bs shfn- -Øn t\m p-tºmƒ CXv AtX-]Sn kzoi-cn- p-hm \nhr-øn-bn. ImcWw, hn{k-l-߃ DS- -Im-eØv At±lw tihew 16 hb- p-imc-\mb Hcp bphm-hm-bn-cp- p-sh v Izp -B hymjym-xm- ƒ ]d-bp p. kqdx A _nbm-cse 60 mw hn\w AXns\ _e-s -Sp-Øp-Ibpw snøp p. A v apx t ]nxmhv At±-l-Øn\v i{xp-hm-bn-øo n-cn- p-at m. At±lw ta ]-d- -h-scm- n v ^e-kvxo-\n h p. I\m (I -B Én rænc) tziw F t]cn-emwv A v ^e-kvxo Adn-b-s - n-cp- Xv. (**) BZyw \m_ kv ( ù HÉf) F sitjan (º«µ T) epw, ]n osv sxt m p \oßn H n-e-[niw ÿeß-fnepw At±lw Xma-kn- n- p v. A\- cw \m n _m[n Hcp maw ImcWw an{k-bo-an (CuPn-]vXn ) t]mip-ibpw, A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX as-ßn-t m-cp-ibpw snbvxp. bm{x-i-fn ta ]-d- -h v ]pdsa, Ah-cpsS BSp-am-Sp-Ifpw, AhbpsS CS-b amcpw D m-bn-cp- p-t]m. ss vƒ ]d {]Im-c-am-sW- n, B n- S-b- m XΩn-ep- mb hg pw, BSp-am-Sp-I-fpsS B[n-Iyhpw \nanøw ]nxr-hy\pw, ktlm-z-c-]p-{x\pw (C_vdmlow \_nbpw, eqxzv \_nbpw) Xmakw c p ÿe- (*) ASp hymjym-\- p-dn- nâ hni-z-hn-h-chpw ImWmw. (**) ]Sw 1, 3 t\m pi. 2388

8 Øm n. tpm Um ( OQ G) hrø-ß-fn s] ^e-`q-bn-jvt-amb tkmtzmw, tkmtamdm (IQƒeÉYh Ωh~ S) F o cmpy-ß-fn-embn eqxzv \_n hmk-ap-d- n p. Cu ÿe-sø- - -nbmwv Izp -B-\n (kqdx h -Pvan ) "apa-vx-^n-iøv' (áµøj DƒŸG = adn- p-in-s- p cmpyw) F v ]d- n-cn- p- Xv. eqxzv (A) B cmpy-tø- p dkq-embn \ntbm-kn- -s -Sp-Ibpw snbvxp. B cmpy- m-sc- p-dn pw Ah cmpytømss \in- n- -s - -Xn-s\- p-dn pw Ign kqd-øp-i-fn hnh-cn- n- p- -t m. C_vdmlow \_n-bpss `mcy kmdx (InQÉn S) {]k-hn- mø h y-bm-bn-cp p. Ah v CuPn-]vXn sh v e`n Hcp ASn-a-kv{Xo-bm-bn-cp p lmkm F lmp (ôléng) X߃s mcp Hma-\-]p-{Xs\ ImWp-hm Ign-s - ntem, F B{K-ltØmsS lmp-dns\ Ah ` Øm-hn v Zm\w snbvxp. Aßns\, Izn_vØn- m-cnbmb lmp C_vdmlow \_n-(a)bpss Hcp c mw `mcy-bmbn. Ch-cn \n mwv aqø ]p{x-\mb Ckvam-Cu (A) P\n Xv. Ad-_n-I-fpsS ]nxm-hmb Ckvam- Cu \_n-(a)bpss amxr-ip-spw-_sø Dt±-in- mwv \_n C{]Imcw ]d- Xv. º ùe - ɪMQh áep º d Éa GÒN É géh Gƒ Uƒà SÉa ô üe ºàëàa GPG (\n߃ CuPn]vXv Pbn- - S- p-tºmƒ, Ahn-S-Øp-Im-cp-ambn \ \ne-bn CS-s]-SWw. \n -b-ambpw AhtcmSv \n߃ v Hcp DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xzhpw IpSpw-_-_- -hp-ap v). IpSpw-_-_ w ]men- p- -Xn-s\- n \_n F{X-am{Xw \njv jn- n-cp- p-sh v CXn \n v a\- n-em mw. Ckvam-Cu (A) P\n- p-tºmƒ C_vdmlow \_n(a) v 86 hb- m- sw v ImWp p. º YG q dg K `-h-xn-bmb lmp-dn-t\msv sszh-zq-x Adn-bn- -Xmbn ss vfn Cßns\ ImWmw: "Rm \ns k -Xnsb G hpw h [n- n pw. AXv FÆn- q-sm-ø-hæw s]cp- -ap- -Xm-bn-cn pw. \o K `-h-xn-bt m. \o Hcp ais\ {]k-hn pw. btlmh \ns k Sw tiƒ -sim v Ah v bniva-tb (Ckvam-Cu ) F v t] hnfn- Ww. Ah "Im p-i-gpx' sbt m-se-bp a\p-jy-\m-bn-cn pw...' (D ]: ) "Im p-i-gpx"bpss Imcy-sam-gn p _m n Imcy-߃ icn-bm-ip p. Ad-_n- Iƒ an -hmdpw Ckvam-Cu \_n-(a)bpss k m-\-ß-fm-wt m. F m At±lsØ "Im p-i-gpx"bmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn- Xv, thz- m ss v-fn ssii-s-øm-dp- -Xns Hcp sndnb DZm-l-c-W-am-Ip p. apl-ωzv \_n Xncp-ta-\n sb Xcw- XmgvØn mwn- p-i-bmwv CXp-aqew Ah-cpsS Dt±iyw. Cu hkvxpx a\- n-em- p-hm ss vfns ]e `mj-i-fn-ep hnh Ø-\-߃ ]cn-tim-[n- m am{xw axn-bm-hp- -XmWv. ss vfns ]cn-`m-j-iƒ hy n-i-fp-ts-x Ah-cpsS A[n- Ir-X-amb AwKo-Im-c-tØm-Sp-IqSn Xøm-dm- -s - -h-bmwv F viqsn Hm t - -Xp v. DZm-l-cWw t\m pi: ae-bmf ]Xn- n "Im p-i-gp-x-sb-t m-se-bp a\p-jy ' F pw, Ad-_n-]-Xn- n É«ûMh ÉfÉ ùfg F pw, ln{_p (A{_m\o) `mj-bn ΩOBG ôa F pw, Cw ojv ]Xn- n Wild Man F pw Xan-gn "ZpjvS-a-\p-jy ' F pw BWp- Xv. Ad-_n-bnepw Cw o-jn-ep-ap ]Z-߃ v "A]-cn-jvIr-X, ImS, ZpjvS Fs ms A Yw hcmw. "Im p-i-gpx' F Y-an. A_v-co-]-Z-Øn- m-hs, "i - \mb a\p-jy ' F s{x. A_v-co-bn \n mwv a p- h hnh Ø\w snø-s - n- 2389

9 cn- p- Xv F n-cns, Zpcp-t±-iy-]q hw snø-s Hcp am -am-wn-sx v ]d-tb- - Xn- t m. Hcn- C_vdmlow \_n-(a)bpss ASp- a\p-jy-cq-]-øn ae- p-iƒ hcn-i-bp- mbn. AXn-Yn-k m-c-øn hfsc Xm ]cyw ImWn- n-cp At±lw thkw Hcp aqcn- p- s\ s]mcn p Xøm-dm n AXn-Yn-Iƒ v ka n p. Ah ` Ww Ign- p- n! CXv I -t mƒ At±-l-Øn\v a\- n `bw txm n. AXn- Yn-Iƒ ]d p: "t]sn-t! Xm ƒ v m\n-bmb Hcp B Ip- n-sb- p-dn v R߃ kt m-j-a-dn-bn- p p. At±-l-Øn pw, hmxn \n p- p- m-bncp `mcy pw B -cyhpw, kt m-j-hp-ambn. CXv CkvlmIzv(A)s\ p-dn- p kt m-j-hm Ø-bm-bn-cp p. "]ns F mwv Imcy-ap- Xv?' C_vdmlow \_n(a) tnmzn p. "R߃ eqxzv \_n(a)-bpss P\-X-bpsS ASp- -te v Ahsc \in- n- p- -Xn p IqSn \ntbm-kn- -s - n-cn- p p' F v Ah Adn-bn p. Cu ae- p-ifmwv eqxzv \_n-(a)bpss cmpyw \in- n- Xv. (kqdx Dw, kqdx Dw). C m-eøv C_vdmlow \_n(a) v 100 hb pw kmdx v 90 hb pw BsW v ]d-b-s -Sp p. At±lw hkn- n-cp- Xv ImtZ-in pw, iqdn pw as y Fa-te-Iy-cpsS (á déª dg) cmpy-ß-fn-em-bn-cp p. Ckvam-Cu (A) ape-ip-sn- p ImeØv, lmp-dn-s\bpw, inip-hn-s\bpw Iq n C_vdmlow (A) a -bn h p. A v a -bn P\-hm-k-an ; sh tam, ImbvI- \ntbm C. ]md- p- p-ifpw, aw m-sp-ifpw am{xw! B alm-\p-`m-h, C v IAv_x ÿnxn snøp ÿeøv \mep-`m-khpw ]md- p- p-i-fm Bhr-X-amb B Xmgv-h-c-bn Ahsc IpSn-bn-cp-Øn-s m v Xncn- p-t]m-hp-i-bmwv. Ah mbn At±lw AhnsS \nt -]n- -sx- m-swt m? Hcp txm k- n-bn CuØ- gw, Hcp txm ]m-{x-øn sh hpw. A{X-am{Xw! `mcy lmp tnmzn- p p: "Rßsf Cu Xmgv-h-c-bn X\n- p-hn-t p t]mip-i-bmtwm?!' At±lw Xncn- p-t\m- p- n! lmp ho pw hnfn p tnmzn- p p: "A mlp I ]n- n- mtwm, C{]-Imcw snøp- Xv?' At±lw adp-]sn ]d p: "AsX'. H -hm v! lmp kam-[m-\n p. Ah v B Hcp hm v ti -Xv-Xs Hcp Xocm-kz-Øm-bn-cp p. Ah ]d p: "F m ]ns, Ah Rßsf ]mgm- p-i-bn.' kxy-hn-izm-kn-i-fpss t\xmhmb B ` Øm-hn-s\bpw, Ah-cpsS kxy-hn-izm-kn-\n-bmb B `mcy-bp-ssbpw hnizmk-i n t\m pi! ` Øm-hn-s\mØ `mcy! At±lw B sndp-ip-spw-_sø ]pdw-x- n-b-x ; Dt]- nt m, shdptøm t]mb- Xp-a ; Ah-cn \n pw IÆv ad- -t mƒ At±lw A m-lp-thmsv {]m Yn p: kmcw: "Rß-fpsS dt! Fs k m-\sø, bmsxmcp hnfbpw (Irjnbpw) C mø Hcp Xmgv-h-c-bn \ns ]cn-]m-h-\-amb `h-\-øn- -SpØv Rm ]m n- n-cn- p p. Rß-fpsS dt! Ah \a-kvimcw \ne-\n Øn-t m-cp-hm-\m-bn- m-wxv. AXn-\m, P\-ß-fpsS lrz-b-ßsf Ah-cn-te v Xncn-bp-am-dm- p-ibpw, Ah v ^e-h K-ß-fn \n v D]-Po-h\w \ Ip-Ibpw sntø-wta! Ah \µn ImWn- 2390

10 t mw (kqx C_vdmlow) ssih-i-ap sh w Xo p-t]mbn. amxm-hn\pw, ss]x-en\pw Zmlw h [n p. h bm{x- m-cp-ambpw I p-ap n A ]w sh w In ptam F v At\z-jn- p-hm \n -lm-b-bmb A, A mlp klm-bn- p-hm Gs -Sp-Øn- p amxmhv Ip nsb AhnsS InSØn ]pd-s -Sp p. Zqc-tØ v FØn-t\m- p- -Xn- p-th n Hcp `mkøv kz^m ÉØ U Ip n ta Ib-dp p. Bscbpw ImWp- n. DSs\ adp-`m-køv a hm (Inhrône) Ip n ta Ib-dn-t\m- p p. Bcp-an. Ggp-h w c v Ip p-i-fn-ep-ambn Aßp-anßpw Ah \S p. Bscbpw I p-in- n-bn. Ip n InS- p- -Xns ASp- Øv -\n v Ah Hcp i_vzw ti p. DSs\ as-ßn-h p. AXm! Hcp \ocp-dhv! Ip nbpss Acn-In-embn \n p Pn_v-co (A) s Imen- -Sn-bn IqSn AXv Hgp-Ins m- n-cn- p p. Ah v B cytam, kt m-jtam?! HmSn-h v "kw! kw!' (\n s, \n s!) F v ]d- pw-sim v AXv si n-\n-dp-øp-i-bmbn. (B sh w si n-\n-dp-ømsx Ah AXns ]m n\v hn n-cp- p-sh- n AXv Hgp-Ins m-t -bn-cn- p-am-bn-cp p! F v \_n Xncp-ta\n Acp-fn-s -bvxn- p v.) Cu Pe-amWv C pw Hcp alm- p-x-ambn tijn- p B "kwkw sh w' ΩõeRAÉe Cu \ocp-dhv \nanøw, {ItaW Bfp-Iƒ h p-iqsn a m-bn P\-hm-k-ap- mbn. ]t, sh -Øns ssih-im-h-imiw X߃ v-xs thw-sa v ]pxp-xmbn hcp- -h-tcmsv \n -bn- -s - n-cp p. A{_m\o (ln{_p) `mj- m-c-\m-bn-cp Ckvam- Cu (A) Xß-fpsS Ab hm-kn-iƒ hgn Ad_n kwkm-cn- p-hm ioen p. {]mbw XnI- -t mƒ, Ah-cn \n v Pp lpw (ºgôL) tkm{x- m-cn-bmb Hcp kv{xosb IeymWw Ign- p-ibpw snbvxp. Iptd Ign p amxmhv arxn-b-s p. C_vdmlow \_n(a) Nne-t mƒ Ckvam-Cu-ens\ h p kµ in- n-cp p. Ct mƒ At±lw Hcp ho p-im-c-\m-bn-cn- p-i-bm-wt m. At±lw th -bmsn D]- Po-h-\-am K-ap- m- p-hm ]pd-øp-t]m-im-dp- m-bn-cp p. At±lw ho n-en- m-øt mƒ, Hcn- C_vdmlow (A) ais\ kµ in- p-hm h p. acp-a-i-tfmsv hnhc-a-t\z-jn p. Ah-fpsS s]cp-am- hpw kwkm-chpw I v Ahƒ kz`mhw \ -h-fs v B alm-\p-`m-h a\- n-em n. "Xs ` Ømhv h m, DΩd- Sn am n-sh- Ww' F v ]d-bp-hm G ]n- p-sim v Ahn-Sp v ÿew-hn p. Ckvam-Cu (A) as-ßn-h- -t mƒ, ho n Hcp Ing-h h -Xmbpw DΩ-d- Sn am n-sh- p-hm ]d- -Xmbpw a pw Ahƒ Adn-bn p. AXv Xs ]nxm-hm-bn-cp- p-sh pw, DΩ-d- -SnsIm v Dt±iyw \o Xs -bm-sw pw ]d p Ahsf Ah-fpsS ho n-te v Ab- p-i-f p. ]nxmhv as mcp {]mh-iyhpw ]p{xs\ kµ in- p-hm h p. At±lw At mgpw shfn-bn t]mbn-cp p. Ckvam-Cu (A) c m-axpw hnhmlw Ign- n-cp `mcybm-wn-t mƒ ho p-imcn. ]pxnb acp-a-i-fpss s]cp-am- hpw, kzoi-c-whpw, kwkm-chp-sa mw At±-lsØ Xr]vXn-s -SpØn. Ahƒ At±-l-Øn\v Xe-apSn hm p-sim- Sp- pi apx-emb ip{iq-j-ifpw snbvxp-sim-spøp. BZy-sØ-hƒ Xß-fpsS XnSp- hpw _p n-ap- p-am-bn-cp p At±-l-tØmSv ]d- n-cp- Xv. ]pxnb acp-a-iƒ, X߃ v kpj-am-sw- -dn-bn p. Ah-cpsS ` -Whpw, ]m\o-bhpw F m-sw v 2391

11 At±lw At\z-jn p. amwkhpw, sh -hp-am-sw v kv{xo DØcw ]d p. At mƒ At±lw Ah v -th n Cßs\ ZpB snbvxp: "A m-lpth! Ah p amwk- Ønepw Pe-Ønepw A`n-hr n \ ti-wta! (\_n Xncp-ta\n ]d-bp-i-bmwv: "AhnsS Ah v [m\y-ß-fp- m-bn-cp- n. Ds - n AXnepw A`n-hr- n- mbn At±lw {]m Yn- p-am-bn-cp p.') CØ-hW, ]nxmhv Xncn- p-t]m-ip-tºmƒ "DΩd- Sn Dd- n p' sh p-hm Gev]n- p-sim- mwv t]mbxv. ` Ømhv asßn h t mƒ, kpap-j\pw, am\y-\p-amb Hcp hb- h n-cp hnh-chpw, DΩd- Sn Dd- n- p-hm ]d-t ]n- Xpw Adn-bn p. ]nxm-hns \n tz-i-{]-imcw B `mcysb At±lw ÿnc-s -Sp-Øp-Ibpw snbvxp. Iptd Ign- -tijw ]nxmhv aq m-a-sxmcp {]mhiyw kµ i-\-øn\v h p. C pdn ]p{x "kwkan' SpØv Aºv Dgn p \ m- n-s m- n-cn- p-i-bmwv. I DSs\ Fgp-t p sn p ]nxm-hns\ BZ-cn p kzoi-cn p. Ct mƒ IAv_x \n p ÿeøv s]m n-\n p Hcp XnÆ Nq n- m- n-s m v "CXm, ChnsS Hcp ]pwym-ebw ]Wn-bp-hm A mlp Iev]n- n- p v, AXn v \o klmbn- Ww' F v Adn-bn p. Aßns\, ]nxmhpw ]p{x\pw IqSn IAv_x \n am-w- Øn G s p. C_vdmlow (A) `nøn ]Sp- p-ibpw, Ckvam-Cu (A) I v sim p-h-cn-ibpw snbvxn-cp p. Npa Iptd Db -t mƒ, Bebw {]Z- nww (±GƒW) snøp- -h v ({]Z- nww FhnsS \n v XpS-ß-W-sa- -Xn\v) AS-bm-fambn sh p-hm Hcp I v sim p-h-tc-w-sa v At±lw ai-t\msv ]d p. B I mwv "lp-dp AkvhZv' (Oƒ S G ônén G) tpmen \S- p-sim- n-cn- p-tºmƒ Ah Cßns\ ZpB snbvxn-cp p: "Rß-fpsS c n-xmth! Rß-fn \n v (Cu I aw) \o kzoi-cn-t -Wta! \n -b-ambpw, \o tiƒ p- -h Xs, Adn-bp- -h Xs ' ( ) IAv_x \n amww ]q Øn-bm-b-t mƒ, P\-߃ v A m-lp-hns\ Bcm-[n- p-hm-\mbn Hcp `h\w \n an- n- p-s pw Ah AhnsS h p l v I aw \n h-ln-t - -Xp-s pw {]Jym-]n- p-hm, A mlp C_vdmlow \_n-(a)tbmsv Iev]n p. I B Imcpw, A»q Imcpw, an{k-bow-im-cp-sa- mw-xs hn{k-l-ß-sfbpw tzhotz-h am-scbpw Bcm-[n- p-h-cn-i-bmwv. Ah Ah-bv mbn t {X-ßfpw _en- ]o-t-ßfpw \n an- p-sim- n-cn- p p. A m-lp-hns\ am{xw Bcm-[n- p-hm\pw, Ah-t\m-Sp-am{Xw {]m Yn- p-hm\pw th n P\-߃ m-i-am-\-ambn Hcp `h\w th -Xp v. B ]pwy-`-h-\-as{x, B c v {]hm-n-i am-cpss ssi v ]Sp-Øpb Ø-s hnip IAv_x (áñ µdg) c v {]hm-n-i amcpw snbvx \o {]m Y- \-I-fpsS Iq -Øn C{]-Imcw D m-bn-cp p: kmcw: (1) Rß-fpsS dt! Rßsf c m-sfbpw \n\ v Iogvs -Sp- -h-cm n (apkvenw-i-fm n)øtcwta, Rß-fpsS k -Xn-I-fnepw \n\ v Iogvs -Sp (apkvenw) kap-zm-b-ap- m-t -Wta! R߃ v Rß-fpsS A\p-jvTm-\-I a-ßsf ImWn- p-x-cp-ibpw thwta! Rß-fpsS ] m-øm]w kzoi-cn- p-ibpw thwta! 2392

12 \n -b-ambpw, \o Xs -bmwv ] m-øm]w kzoi-cn- p- -h\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpw. (2) Rß-fpsS dt! Ah v \ns e y-߃ HmXn-s m-sp- p-ibpw, thz-{k- Ÿhpw hn m-\hpw ]Tn- n- p-ibpw, Bfl-kw-kvIm-c-ap- m- p-ibpw snøp Hcp dkq-ens\, Ah-cn \n p-xs, Ah-cn \ntbm-kn p simsp-t -Wta! (kqdx A _-Izdx 127, 128) C_vdmlow \_n-(a)bpss {]m Y\ A mlp kzoi-cn p. {]m Y-\-bpsS km m m-c-ambn aw-em-c-wy-ønse {]hm-n-i \_n apl-ωzv apkvxz^m \ntbm-kn- -s p. {]m Y\ Ign- n v sim -߃ aqt m \mtem Bbncw Xs Ign p. AXn-\n-S v Ckvam-Cu \_n-(a)bpss ktlm-z-c-\mb CkvlmIzv ]c- º-c-bn, At\Iw {]hm-n-i am h p. Ckvam-Cu ]c-º-c-bn-em-is, temimh-km-\-ønse A y-{]-hm-n-i am{xw! ]t, At±lw \ntbm-kn- -s - Xv temi- Øn-s\ mw th n-bmwv. temim-h-km\w htc- p-amwv. At±-l-Øns {]hm-n-i- Xzhpw, At±-l-Øns ssi v shfn-s -Sp-Ø-s thz-{k-ÿhpw, hn m-\-ßfpw temim-h-km\w hsc \ne-\n p-ibpw snøp p. C_vdmlow \_n-(a)bpss ta Sn (c m-asø) {]m \m hn-\-߃ D -cn- p-sim v, Cß-s\-bp Hcp dkq-ens\ A -c- m-\-an- mø thz-{k-ÿ-sø- n Adn-bmØ B kap-zm-b-øn \n p Xs Fgp-t ]n- n- p-s v A mlp kqd-øp PpapAx 2 ]d-bp p. (... ƒ SQ Ú«e G a å H iòdg ƒg) "Rm Fs ]nxmhv C_vdm-lo-ans {]m Y-\- bmwv' F v \_n Xncp-ta-\n bpw Acp-fn-s -bvxn- p v. CkvlmIzv \_n(a)-bpss ai-\mbn ba-vizq_v (A) P\n p. At±-l-Øn-\mWv Ckvdm-Cu (π«fgnôr SpG) F v ]d-bp- Xv. At±-l-Øn\v ]{ v a -fp- m-bn-cp p. Ah hgn s]cpin h [n ]{ v k m-\-]-c-º-c-iƒ mwv Ckvdm-Cu h K- Ønse ]{ v tkm{x-߃ F v ]d-b-s -Sp- Xv. ]{ v a -fn Hcm-fmb bqkp^v \_n(a)-bpss IY ]cs Adn-b-s - Xpw kpdx bqkp-^n hnkvx-cn p ]d-b-s - n- p- -Xp-amWv. At±lw CuPn-]vXnse `c-wm-[n-im-cn-bm-b-t mƒ bav Izq_v \_n(a)bpw _m n a fpw CuPn-]vXn sn p Xma-k-am n. ]n osv aqkm \_n-(a)bpss ImeØv At±lw hgn B kap-zm-bsø ^n -Hu-\n \n v A mlp c -s -SpØn ho pw ^e-kvxo-\n h Ncn{Xw {]kn- -amwv. sn - S bm{x Ign p \m ]Xv h jw Ah Xolv acp-`q-an-bn Xma-kn- p-ht m. AXn-\n-S v aqkm (A) ac-w-a-s p. ]n osv ]e kw`-h-߃ pw kwl- -\- ߃ pw tijw bqiav ( Tƒj) \_n-bpss t\xr-xz-øn-emwv Ah ^e-kvxo- \n ]te-s-ß-fn-embn IpSn-tb-dn- m ØXv. C_vdmlnw \_n (A) apx \S- n h \S-]-Sn-bmWv tnem-i aw ( ÉàÿG). A m-lp-hns I ]\ {]Imcw, At±-lhpw k -Xn-Ifpw AXv A\p-jvTn- p-h p. C_vdmlow \_n-(a)bm \S- n-em- -s \S-]-Sn-{I-a-߃ ]e-xp-ap v. AXn At±-lsØ \mapw A\p-I-cn- p-hm B m-]n- -s - n-cn- p p. kqdx l n 78 mw hn-\-øn (\nß-fpss ]nxmhv C_vdm-lo-ans am Kw) F v A mlp ]d- Xv AXmWv. At±-l-tØmSv A\p-jvTn- p-hm I ]n

13 sx mw At±lw ]q Øn-bmbn \n h-ln- n- p-s Hcp km y-]-{x-amwv kqd- Øp _Izdx 124 ImWp- Xv (A mlp C_vdm-lo-ans\ Nne I ]\m hm p-iƒ aptj\ ]co- n kµ `w Hm pi: At±lw Ahsb ]q W-ambn \n h-ln p...) B {]hm-n-i-h-cys k o Øn v \nzm-\-ambn, Htc Hcp kw`hw Hma-\-]p-{Xs\ _en-b n- m k - -\mb kw`hw am{xw Btem- Nn- m axn-bt m. temi-ap Imew ad- -s -Sm-Ø-Xm-WXv. Hcp ai-\p- m-bn- m-wp-hm hf-sc- mew Bin- -tijw AXp- m-ip-hm t]mip- p-sh kt m-j-hm Øbpw e`n- -tijw B htbm-[n-i\v Hcp ai-\p- mbn. Xs H n p {]b-xv\n- m-dm-b-t mƒ, AXm Ahs\ AdpØp _en-i-gn- -W-sa v sszhoi Iev]\ hcp p! Iev]\ ae v apjm- -c-sam p a kz]v\w am{x-amwv; At±-l-Øn\v bmsxmcp asntbm, ssha-\-kytam txm n-bn. Hma-\-]p- {Xs\ hnhcw Adn-bn p. ]p{x-\m-is, ]nxm-hn-s\mø ]p{x\pw! H pw Ass[cytam, a\x-kvxm-]tam C. Aßns\, ais\ Adp- p-hm-\p F m Hcp- -ßfpw Ign p. H pw _m n-bn. A m-lp-hns `mk-øv-\n v Hcp hnfn-tiƒ p p. "C_vdmlow! kz]v\sø \o bmym Yy-am- n-bn-cn- p p! axn, Ckvam-Cu-en\v ]Icw Hcp BSns\ _en-i-gn- pi. A{X axn!? (kqdx hkzvkzm^v^møn Cu kw`hw hnh-cn- p- p v.) _en- v-th n sim p-t]mb ]p{x Ckvam-Cu-e Ckvlm-IzmWv F s{x. thz- m-cpss ] w. Izp -B-\n Cu IY ]d-bp- n-søv Bcp-sSbpw t]sc-spøp ]d- n- n. F nepw hkzvkzm^v^mønse Bb-Øp-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n- m, AXv Ckvam-Cu (A) Bbn-cp- p-sh v hy -am-bn- mwmw. ImcWw: Cu IY hnhcn p Ign DSs\ Xs "At±-l-Øn\v Ckvlm-Izn-s\- p-dn pw \mw kt m-jhm Ø \ In' ( ë SÉH Énfô ûhh) F v A mlp ]d-bp p. a p ]expw CXn\v sxfn-hmbn FSp- p-hm-\p v. A mlp klmbn- m Ahn-sS-sh v IqSp-X kwkmcn mw. ss v-fn Cu kw`hw hnh-cn- p- n-søv Dev]Øn 22 s Bcw-`-Øn )... \ns ais\, \o kvt\ln- p- - \ns GI-Pm-X-\mb bnkvlm- n-s\-øs...) F v ]d-bp p. ChnsS "\ns GI-Pm-X-\mb' F v hnti-jww Ckvam-Cu-en-s\- p-dn- - msx hcp-hm ]msn- m-ø-xmwv. Ckvlm-Izp- -t mƒ Ckvam-Cu P\n- m-xn-cn- p-itbm, P\n p ac-w-s -Sp-Itbm snbvxn-cp- m Aßns\ ]d-bm-ambn-cp p. Ckvam-Cu-ens\ "Im p-i-gpx"sbt mse "ZpjvS\m' nb B "IdpØ' ssiiƒ Xs -bm-bn-cn- Ww "Ckvam-Cuen' s ÿm\øv "bnkvlm n's t] {]Xn-jvTn- Xpw. C_vdmlow \_n(a)-bpss Iz_vdpw, kmd-xbpss Iz_vdpw iman lnt{_m ( hèm) F ÿe-øm-ip p. At±-l-Øns Ncn-{X-Øn \n v \ap v F{Xtbm ]mt-߃ ]Tn- p-hm-\p v. AXn-s\- n IqSp-X hnh-cn p Zo Ln- n- p- n. Izp - B-\nepw lzo-ynepw ]e kµ `-ß-fn-embn C mcyw ]cm-a in- -s - n- p v. At±l-Øns hnizm-k-zm Vyw, XymK-a-\xÿnXn, A m-lp-hns Iev]-\-Iƒ A\p-k- 2394

14 cn- p-hm-\p k - X, kxym-t\z-jw kz`mhw BZn-bmb al Kp-W-߃, apkvenw-iƒ v amxri \ Is! cmpm-hn-s\-bm-is, Xoøns\ BIs, A{I-an-Isf-bm-hs, `b-s -SmsX, ac-w-`o-xn-bn- msx, BZ i -{]-Jym-]-\-Ønepw, Xulo- Zns {]N-c-W-Ønepw, apt m v apt m v ]ptcm-k-an- p-sim-t -bn-cp B \_n-hcys Pohn-X-{K-Ÿ-Ønse ]mt-߃ Hmtcm pw A m-lp-hns am K-Øn ka-ctk-h\w snøp apkvenw-iƒ v t\xr-xzhpw, {]tnm-z-\hpw \ Is. ÚeBG ]c-a-im-cp-wn-i\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[nbp-amb A m-lp-hns \ma-øn. 1 "Aen^v emw dm' (\_ntb) \n\ v \mw Ah-X-cn- n p X Hcp {KŸ-am-Ip p (CXv); a\p-jysc A -Im-c-ß-fn \n v \o (]pd-øp-h-cpøn) {]Imi-Øn-te v sim p-h-cp-hm th n; Ah-cpsS d ns A\p-aXn {]Imcw. AXm-bXv {]Xm-]-imenbpw kvxpxy l-\p-am-bp- -hs ]mx-bn-te v (sim p-h-cp-hm ); 2 (AsX) BIm-i-ß-fn-ep- Xpw `qan-bn-ep- Xpw (F mw) bmsxm-cp-hs -XmtWm B A mlp-hns (]mx-bn-te v). Ahn-izmkn-Iƒ v ITn-\-amb in \nanøw IjvShpw! 3 AXm-bXv, bmsxmcp Iq v, (IjvSw) Ah sflni Pohn-X-tØmSv ]c-tem-i-sø- mƒ kvt\lw ImWn- p-sim- n-cn- p p; A m-lp-hns am K-Øn \n v Ah (P\-ßsf) Xncn- p-hn- Sp-Ibpw snøp p; AXn\v Ah h{ix (D m-h-w-sa v) B{K-ln- p-ibpw snøp p. [Cßn-s\-bp- -h v IjvSw!] A q- hnzq-camb hgn-]n-g-hn-em-ip p. 2395

15 1 Aen^v emw dm' Hcp {KŸ-am-Ip p \maxv Ah-X-cn- n- ncn- p p \n\ v \o ]pd-øp-sim- p-h-cp-hm th n a\p-jysc A -Im-c-ß-fn \n v {]Im-i-Øn-te v A\p-aXn (kωx) {]Imcw Ah-cpsS d ns AXm-bXv ]mx-bn-te v {]Xm-]-im-en-bpsS kvxpxy l-\mb 2 AXm-bXv bmsxmcp A mlp-hns Ah-s -XmWv, Ah- m-ip p BIm-i-ß-fn-ep- Xv `qan-bn-ep- Xpw IjvShpw, \mihpw Ahn-izm-kn- Iƒ v in \nanøw, in -bm ITn-\-amb 3 AXm-bXv bmsxmcp Iq Ah kvt\lw ImWn pw Pohn-X-tØmSv Cl-Ønse (sflni) ]c-tem-i-sø- mƒ Ah Xncn p (X n) hnsp-ibpw snøpw am K-Øn \n v A m-lp-hns AXns\ Ah txspi (AXn\v Ah B{K-ln- p-ibpw snøpw h{ix, hfhv (D mhm ) A q- hgn-]n-g-hn-em-ip p hnzq-c-amb hymi-cw hi-øn-eqss t\m p-tºmƒ ]c-kv]cw LS-\m-_- -ap- -h-bmwv Cu aq p hn-\-ßfpw. Ah-bpsS H m-si-bp A Yw GXm- n-ßns\ a\- n-em mw: "a\p-jysc Ah-cpsS d ns A\p-aXn {]Imcw A -Im-c-ß-fn \n v (]pd-øph-cpøn) {]Im-i-Øn-te v AXm-bXv BIm-i-ß-fnepw `qan-bn-ep-ap- -sxms GsXm-cp-h-s -XmtWm B A m-lp-hns ]mx-bn-te v sim p-h-cp-hm th n (\_ntb) \n\ v \mw Ah-X-cn- n- p-x thz-{k-ÿ-am-wnxv. Cl-temI Pohn-XtØmSv ]c-tem-i-sø- mƒ kvt\lw ImWn- p-ibpw A m-lp-hns am K-Øn \n v (P\-ßsf) Xncn- p-hn-sp-ibpw, AXn v h{ix (D m-h-w-sa v) B{K-ln- p- Ibpw snbvxp-sim- n-cn- p Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ v ITn-\-amb in \nanøw IjvShpw! Ah hnzq-c-amb hgn-]n-g-hn-em-wp- Xv.' Ahn-izmkw, A X, A -hn-izmkw, Zpcm-Nmcw BZn-bmb A -Im-c-ß-fn s] p \ w-xn-cn-bp P\-ßsf t\ am K-am-Ip {]Im-i-Øn-te v c -s -Sp-Øns m- p-h-cp-hm th n-bmwv \_n bpss ta Izp -B Ah-X-cn- n- n-cn- p- Xv. CXv A mlp a\p-jy v \ Inb al-ømb Hcp A\p-{K-l-am-sW v hy - as{x. F n-cns, AXns\ \ntj-[n- p-ibpw, \_n sb If-hm- p-ibpw snøp Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ v hºn in bpw IjvS-hp-am-bn-cn pw D m-bn-cn- p-i-sb v A mlp Xm oxv snøp p. AXv F p-sim- m-sw v IqSn hy -am- nbn-cn- p p. 1 ma-xmbn Ah sflni Pohn-X-Øn-\mWv {]m[m\yw I ]n- p- Xv. AXn-t\m-Sm-W-h njvsw. ]c-tem-i-sø- n Ah Nn n- p- n. 2 ma-xmbn; A mlp I ]n- p-ibpw CjvS-s -Sp-Ibpw snøp B t\ am K-Øn \n p Ah kzbw Xncn- p-t]m-ip-ibpw a p- -hsc Xncn- p-hn-sp-ibpw snbvxp-sim- ncn- p p. 3 ma-xmbn; t\ p-t\-sc-bp kxy-am Kw \ne-\n p- Xv Xs bpw Ah v CjvS-an. AXn\v Ign-bp- {X h{i-xbpw hfhpw D m-bn- m-wp-hm-\mwv Ah-cpsS B{K-lhpw {iahpw. Aßns\, k am K-Øn-te v asßn FØp- 2396

16 hm t]mepw km[n- m-ø-hn[w Ah AXn \n v hfsc Zqcw ]ng- p-t]m-bn-cn- p p. CsXm-s -bm-wn-xn\v ImcWw. F m-eøpw ax-hn-tcm-[n-i-fn ImW-s - Sm-dp Zpxkz-`m-h-ß-fs{X A mlp FSp-Øp-]-d Cu aq v Imcy-ßfpw. kxyhpw bym Yhpw Ft mgpw H p-am-{x-am-bn-cn pw. AXns FXn h-i-øn- \m-is, hnhn[ apj-ßfpw thj-ßfpw D m-bn-cn- p-ibpw snøpw. AXp-sIm- mbn-cn mw Cßn-s\-bp {]kvxm-h-\-i-fn-se mw {]Im-isØ ({]Imiw) F v GI-h-N-\-cq-]-Ønepw, A -Im-csØ (A -Im-c-߃) F v _lp-h-n\ cq]-ønepw A mlp D]-tbm-Kn p ImWp- Xv º YG q dg 4 Hcp dkq-en-s\bpw (Xs ), At±-l-Øns P\-X v At±lw hnh-cn- p-sim-sp- p-hm th n Ah-cpsS `mj-bn (ZuXyw \ Ins m v) A mx \mw Ab- n- n. Aßs\, A mlp Dt±-in- p- hsc Ah hgn-]n-g-hn-em- p- Ibpw, Ah Dt±-in- p- -hsc Ah t\ h-gn-bn-em- p-ibpw snøp p. Ah-\s{X {]Xm-]-im-enbpw AKm-[- -\p-am-bp- -h. 4 \mw Ab- n- n Hcp dkq-en-s\bpw `mj-bn-e- msx, `mj-tbmssb- msx At±-l-Øns P\-X-bpsS At±lw hnh-cn- p-sim-sp- p-hm th n Ah v F n v (Aßs\) hgn-]n-g-hn-em- p p A mlp Ah Dt±-in- p- -hsc Ah t\ h-gn-bn-em- p-ibpw snøp p. Ah Dt±-in- p- -hsc Ah-\s{X, Ah Xs {]Xm-]-imen AKm-[-, bp n-am Hmtcm dkqepw GsXmcp P\-X-bn-te v Ab- -s - n-cp- pthm B P\-X-bpsS `mj-bn ZuXyw \ I-s - p-sim- - msx Hcp dkq-en-s\bpw A mlp Ab- n- n. P\-X-bpsS `mjbpw, ZuXy-Øns `mjbpw H - m-xn-cn- p- -] w, ZuXyhn-j-b-߃ Ah v hnh-cn- p-sim-sp- p-hm dkq-en\pw, AXv a\- n-em- p-hm P\-߃ pw {]bm-k-am-bn-cn- p-at m. CX-\p-k-cn- p-x-s -bmwv \_n v \ Is ZuXy-ßfpw thz-{k-ÿhpw Ad_n `mj-bn-em-bxpw. C m-c-w-øm \_n Ad-_n-Iƒ p-am{xw dkq-em-bn- mtwm Ab- -s - n-cn- p- -sx txm -en-\- h-im-i-an. k h-a-\p-jy pw dkq-em-bn- mwv \_n Ab- -s - n-cn- p- -sx v A Y-i- v CS-an- m-ø-hæw (21:107; 25:1; 34:28 apx-emb ÿe-ß-fn ) A mlp Xs kv]jvs-ambn {]kvxm-hn- n- p-f-f-xmwv. F m ]ns, F p-sim v temi- `m-j-i-fn s] at -sx- nepw Hcp `mj-bn-em-bn AsX tnmzy-øn\pw {]k- 2397

17 n-bn. \_n P\n p hf Xv Ad-_n-Iƒ n-s-bn, Ahn-SpsØ amxr-`mj Ad_n; Ahn-Sp v apjm-ap-j-ambn {]t_m-[-\-irxyw \S-Øp- Xpw Ad-_n-I-tfmSv; Ad-_n-Iƒ apjm- -c-amwv B {]t_m-[\w temiøv {]N-cn- p- Xpw. F n-cns, Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ZuXyw Ad_n A mø `mj-bn-em-ip- -Xns A{]m-tbm-Kn-IX B pw Duln- m-hp- -XmWv. Ad-_n-b- mø GXv `mj-bn-em-bmepw IqSp-X k o W-am-bn-cn pw {]iv\-߃. P\-߃ v hnh-cn- p-sim-sp- p-hm\pw, Ah v a\- n-em- p-hm\pw th n-bmwv AXXv P\-ß-fpsS `mj-bn dkq-ep-iƒ v ZuXyw \ I-s -Sp- Xv. F m ]dbp- Xv a\- n-em-bn v ]ns bpw kxysø \ntj-[n- p- -h D m-bn-cn- p-at m. At mƒ Ahsc A mlp hgn-]n-g-hn-em- p-ibpw snøp p. kxyw a\- n-em-bn v AXn hniz-kn- p- -hsc Ah t\ h-gn-bn-em- p-ibpw snøp p. AsX, as mcp ÿeøv ]d- Xv t]mse (CXv aqew Ah ]e-scbpw hgn-]n-g-hn-em- p-ibpw ]e-scbpw t\ h-gn-bn-em- p-ibpw snøp- p. txm n-b-hm-kn-i-sf-b- msx Ah hgn-]n-g-hn-em- p-i-bn- -Xm\pw. (2:26) 5 \ΩpsS ZrjvSm- -ß-fp-ambn \mw aqkmsb Ab- p-i-bp- mbn: "\ns P\-ßsf A -Im-c-ß-fn \n v {]Im-i-Øn-te v ]pd-øpsim- p-h-cp-ibpw, A m-lp-hns (A\p-{K-l-Øns ) Znh-k-ß-sf- n Ahsc Hm an- n- p-ibpw snøpi' F v (I ]n- p-sim v) \n -b-ambpw, AXn am-ioecpw \µn-bp- -h-cp-amb F mh pw ]e ZrjvSm- -ß-fp v. 6 aqkm Xs P\-ß-tfmSv ]d kµ `w (Hm pi:) "\n߃ v A mlp snbvx A\p- {K-lsØ \n߃ Hm p-hn. AXm-bXv, ^n -Hus Iq -cn \n v \nßsf Ah c -s -Sp- Ønb kµ `w. \nßsf Ah ISpØ in A\p-`-hn- n- p- Ibpw, \nß-fpss B a- sf Adp-sIme snøp-ibpw, \nß-fpss s]æp-ßsf (sim msx) Pohn- p- 2398

18 hm hnsp-ibpw snbvxp-sim v. AXn (Hs ) \nß-fpss d n- \n p hºn Hcp ]co- - W-ap v. 5 \mw Ab- p-i-bp- m-bn- p v. aqkmsb \ΩpsS ZrjvSm- -ß-fp-ambn \o ]pd-øp-sim- p-h-c-wsa v \ns P\-ßsf A -Im-c-ß-fn \n v {]Im-i-Øn-te v Ah v Hm a-s -Sp-Øp-Ibpw snøpi Znh-k-ß-sf- n A m-lp-hns \n - b-ambpw AXn-ep v ]e ZrjvSm- -߃ (Xs ) F m am-ioe pw \µn-bp- -h-cmb. 6 ]d kµ `w aqkm At±-l-Øns P\-X-tbmSv \n߃ Hm p-hn A m-lp-hns A\p- {K-lsØ \nß-fp-ss-ta Ah \nßsf c -s -Sp-Ønb kµ `w ^n -Hus Iq -cn (Bƒ m-cn ) \n v Ah \n߃ v A\p-`-hn- n- p-sim- n-cns ISpØ in Ah Adp-sIme snbvxpw \nß-fpss B a- sf Ah Pohn- phm hnspi (_m n-bm- pi)bpw \nß-fpss s]æp-ßsf AXnep v (D m-bn-cp p) Hcp ]co- Ww \nß-fpss d n- \n v hºn- -Xmb. {][m-\-amb Ncn{X kw`-h-߃ D mb ImesØ Dt±-in- mwv (A mlp-hns Znh-k-߃) F v ]d-b-s -Sp- Xv. Ad-_n-Iƒ n-s-bn Ign- p-t]mb bp -߃ apx-emb {][m\ kw`-h-ß-sf- n (Ad-_n-I-fpsS Znh-k-߃) F pw ]d-b-s -Sm-dp v. {]kvxpx kw`-h-߃ Hcp Iq sc kw_- n p A\p-{Kl-ambpw, as mcp Iq sc kw_- n p in -bmbpw Ccn- pi kzm`m-hn-i-am-wt m. XpS p hmiy-ß-fn \n v a\- n-em-ip- -Xvt]mse Ckvdm-Cu-eysc kw_- n n-s-tømfw Ah v hºn A\p-{K-l-ambn Iem-in B kw`-h-ßsf ^n - Hu-\n \n v c \ In-b-Xv-t]m-ep kw`-h-ßsf Ahsc Hm an- n- -W-sa- mwv "Ah v A m-lp-hns Znh-k-ß-sf- n Hm an- n- pi' ( ) F v ]d- -Xns Xm ]cyw. Zp am K-Øns A -Im-c-ß-fn \n v P\-ßsf t\ am K-Øns {]Im-i- Øn-te v \bn- p-hm-\mwv \_n sb thz-{k-ÿhpw sim v Ab- n-cn- p- -sx v kqd-øns Bcw-`-Øn {]kvxm-hn- p-ht m. AtX Bh-iym Yw Xs Nne {]txyi ZrjvSm- -߃ klnxw aqkm \_n-(a)sbbpw apºv Ab- p-i-bp- msb pw kxy-hn-izm-kn-iƒ v A mlp snbvx A\p-{K-l-ß-sfbpw, kxy-\n-tj- [n-iƒ v Ah \ Inb in -I-sfbpw Hm an- n- p-sim v Ah-tcmSv abpw \µnbpw D -h-cm-bn-cn- p-hm At±lw D]-tZ-in- p-sh- p-amwv Cu hn-\-ß-fn 2399

19 ]d- -Xns cxv\- p-cp w. A ]w kq -va-ambn ]cn-tim-[n- m a, \µn F o c v KpW-ß-fmWv an -hmdpw F m k I a-ß-fp-ssbpw D `-h-sa pw, Ah-bpsS A`m-h-amWv an -hmdpw F m ZpjvI a-ß-fp-ssbpw Dd-hn-S-sa pw ImWm-hp- -XmWv. Hcp \_n hn\w ChnsS kvac-wo-b-am-ip p: "kxy-hn-izm-kn-bpss Imcy-sa mw B cyw Xs! A mlp GsXmcp Imcyw hn[n- mepw AX-h\v KpW-I-c-am-Im-Xncn- -bn. Ah\v h Zpcn-Xhpw _m[n- m Ah an pw. At mƒ, AX-h\v KpW-I-c-am-bn-Øocpw. Ah\v h kt m-jhpw _m[n- m Ah \µnbpw ImWn pw. At mƒ AXpw Ah\v KpW-I-c-am-bn-Øocpw.' (apkvenw) ASpØ hn- \-Øn aqkm \_n(a) \µn-sb- p-dn p XpS p ]d-bp- Xv t\m pi: hn`mkw 2 7 \nß-fpss d v Adn-bn p \ Inb kµ `w (Hm pi): "\n߃ \µn snøp- -] w, Xo -bmbpw Rm \n߃ v (A\p-{Klw) h [n- n p XcpI Xs snøpw; \n߃ \µn-tisv ImWn- p-sh- ntem, \n -b-ambpw Fs in ITn-\-am-bXv Xs -bmbn-cn pw." 8 aqkm (ho pw) ]d p: "\nßfpw, `qan-bn-ep- -h apgph\pw (IqSn) \µn-tisv ImWn- p- -] w, F m \n -b-ambpw, A mlp [\y\pw (AYhm A\m- {i-b\pw) kvxpxy l\pw Xs bmwv (F v Adn-t - pi.)" 7 DØ-chv (I ]\ Adn-bn v) \ Inb kµ `w \nß-fpss d v \n߃ \µn ImWn- p-sh- n Xo -bmbpw Rm \n߃ v h [n- n- p-xcpw \n߃ \µn-tisv ImWn- p-sh- ntem \n -b-ambpw Fs in ITn-\-am-bXv Xs. 8 ]d-bp-ibpw snbvxp aqkm \n߃ \µn-tisv ImWn- p- -] w \n߃ `qan-bn-ep- -hcpw apgp-h F m (Adn-bpI) \n -b-ambpw A mlp [\y (A\m-{i-b ) Xs kvxpxy l-\mb. 2400

20 "IzpZvko' bmb (A mlp Acp-fn-s -bvx-xmbn \_n D -cn- p ) Hcp lzoyv A_q-Z dv (d) C{]-Imcw \nth-z\w snøp p: "A mlp ]d-bp p: "Fs ASnbm amtc, \nß-fn BZy-tØ-hcpw, Ah-km-\-tØ-hcpw, Pn p-ifpw, a\p-jycpw (F mw-xs ) \nß-fn-ep G w `b-`- -\mb Hcp a\p-jys lrz-b-tøm-sp-iq- Sn-bm-bn-cp- mepw AXv Fs cmp-xz-øn bmsxm pw Xs h [n- n- p-i-bn. Fs ASn-bm amtc, \nß-fn BZy-tØ-hcpw Ah-km-\-tØ-hcpw Pn p-ifpw, a\p-jycpw (F mw-xs ) \nß-fn-ep G w Zpjn Hcp a\p-jys lrz-b-tøm- Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp- mepw AXv Fs cmp-xz-øn bmsxmcp Ipdhpw hcp-øp-i-bpan. Fs ASn-bm amtc, \nß-fn BZy-tØ-hcpw, Ah-km-\-tØ-hcpw, Pn p- Ifpw, a\p-jycpw (F mw-xs ) Htc ÿm\øv \n v Ft msv tnmzn- p-ibpw F n v Hmtcm-cp-Ø pw Ah tnmzn- Xv Rm simsp- p-ibpw snbvxmepw Hcp kqnn kap-{z-øn-en- m (ap n FSp-Øm ) AXv AXn hcp-øp Ipdhv t]mseb- msx Fs cmp-xz-øn AXv Hcp Ipdhpw hcp-øp- -X. ' (apkvenw) ASpØ hn\w aqkm \_n (A) Ckvdm-Cu-ey-tcmSv snbvx {]kvxm-h-\-bpss XpS -bm-bn-cn- p-hm\pw, Ign hn-\-tøm-sp-iqsn At±-l-Øns {]kvxm-h\ Ah-km-\n- -tijw A mlp a\p-jysc A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn p tnmzn- p tnmzy-am-bncn- p-hm\pw km[y-x-bp v. c m-bmepw Dt±iyw hy w Xs. 9 (a\p-jytc) \nß-fpss apºp- -h-cpss hrøm w \n߃ v hs -Øn-bn- nt? AXm-bXv \qlns P\-X-bp-sSbpw, BZns bpw, Yaq-Zn-s bpw Ah-cpsS tij-ap- -h-cp-ssbpw (hrøm w)! Ah-sc- p-dn v A m-lp-h- msx (Bcpw) Adn-bp-I-bn Ah-cpsS dkq-ep-iƒ hy -amb sxfn-hp-ifp-ambn Ah-cpsS ASp- sn p; At mƒ Xß-fpsS ssiisf Ah Xß-fpsS hmbn B n [{]Xn-tj-[n p ssi ISn p]; Ah ]d-bp-ibpw snbvxp: "\n߃ GsXm- p-abn Ab- -s - n-cn- p- pthm AXn R߃ Ahn-iz-kn- n-cn- p p; GsXm- n-te v Rßsf \n߃ Wn- p- pthm AXn-s\- p-dn v \n -b-ambpw, R߃, Bi- m-p-\-i-amb kwib-øn X-s -bm-ip p.' 2401

21 9 \n߃ v h n- nt hrøm w bmsxm-cp-h-cpss \nß-fpss apºp \qlns P\-X-bpsS BZn-s bpw Yaq-Zn-s bpw bmsxm-cp-h-cp-ssbpw Ah-cpsS tij-ap-ff Ahsc Adn-bp-I-bn A mlp A msx Ah v h p, Ah-cn sn p Ah-cpsS dkq-ep-iƒ (hy -amb) sxfn-hp-i-fpambn At mƒ Ah B n, X n, as n Ah-cpsS ssiisf Ah-cpsS hmb-i-fn Ah ]d-bp-ibpw snbvxp \n -b-ambpw R߃ R߃ Ahn-iz-kn- n-cn- p p. \n߃ bmsxm- p-ambn Ab- s - pthm AXn (\n߃ Ab- -s - -Xn ) \n -b-ambpw R߃ kwi-b-øn Xs -bp-amwv bmsxm- n-s\- n \n߃ Rßsf Wn- p p, hnfn- p p AXn-te v ktµ-l-ap-f-hm- p, Bi- m-p-\-i-amb, Bi-b- p-g- -ap- m- p. (Ahsc A m-lp-h- msx Adn-bp-I-bn ) F v ]d- -Xns Xm ]cyw, {]kvxpx aq p P\-X-bp-sSbpw Ime-tijw hf-sc-b-[niw P\-ßfpw dkq-ep-ifpw Ign- p-t]m-bn- p-s pw, Ahsc kw_- n Ncn-{X-߃ A m-lphn\v am{xta Adn-bp-I-bp- q-sh- p-am-ip p. (Ah-cpsS ssiiƒ Ah-cpsS hmbn B n) F v ]d- -Xns Dt±iyw, tim]w \nanøw ssii-sn p F m-sw pw, {]Xn-tj-[-]q hw hmb-s]møn F m-sw pw a pw A`n-{]m-b-ap v. GX-`n-{]mbw kzoi-cn- mepw dkq-ep-i-fpss t\sc {]Xn-tj-[hpw \ntj-[hpw {]I-Sn- n- p-i-bmwv Ah snbvxxv F m-w-xns Xm ]cyw. AhcpsS XpS p hm p-i-fn \n p-xs AXv hy -amwv. A mlp ]d-bp p: 10 Ah-cpsS dkq-ep-iƒ (AhtcmSv) ]d p: "BIm-i-ß-sfbpw, `qan-sbbpw, krjvsn- p- m- n-b-h- \mb A m-lp-hns Imcy-Øn Dt m h kwi-bhpw? \nß-fpss ]m]-ß-fn \n pw (Nne-sXms ) \n߃ v s]mdpøp Xcp-hm th n Ah \nßsf Wn- p- I-bmWv; \n Wbw snø-s Hch-[n-hsc \nßsf (Hgn-hm n) ]n n- p-hm th nbpw. 2402

22 Ah (adp-]sn) ]d p: "\n߃ Rß-sf-t m-se-bp a\pjy-c- msx (a mcpw) A ; RßfpsS ]nxm- ƒ Bcm-[n- p-h- n-cp- -h-bn \n v Rßsf Xncn- p-if-bp-hm \n߃ Dt±-in- p-ibmwv. BI-bm, kv]jvs-amb Hcp (A[n-IrX) tcj R߃ v \n߃ sim p-h-cp-hn!" 10 ]d p Ah-cpsS dkq-ep-iƒ A m-lp-hntem, A m-lphn-ept m h kwi-bhpw krjvsn- p- m- n-b-h-\mb BIm-ißsf `qansbbpw \nßsf Ah Wn- p p Ah s]mdp- p-hm th n \n߃ v \nß-fpss ]m]-ß-fn \n v \nßsf ]n n- p-hm\pw (Hgn-hm- p-hm\pw) Hc-h[n hsc \n Wbw snø-s Ah ]d p \n߃ A a\p-jy-c- msx Rß-sf-t mse \n߃ Dt±-in- p p Rßsf Xncn- p-i-fbp-hm Bbn-cp- -Xn \n v Bcm-[n- p-h-cpi Rß-fpsS ]nxm- ƒ AXn-\m R߃ v \n߃ hcww Hcp (A[n-IrX) tcj sim v, tcj-bp-ambn kv]jvs-amb. "\n W-bn- -s Ah[nhsc \nßsf ]n n pw' F v ]d- -Xns Xm ]cyw, \n߃ A m-lp-hns GIXzw kzoi-cn p kxy-hn-izm-kn-i-fm-bn-øo-cp- -] w, \n߃ v \n -bn- -s Bbp-jv mew Xocp- -Xp-hsc \n߃ v c In psa pw, C m-ø-] w, h s]mxp-in- bpw _m[n p \n߃ \in-t - p-sa- pam-ip p. kv]jvs-amb h A[n-IrX tcjbpw sim p-h-c-w-sa v Ah Bh-iys -Sp- Xv {]hm-n-i- m th {X sxfnhv \ Im-Ø-Xp-sImt m, kzp-t±-i-tøm- Sp-Iq-Sntbm A. X߃ Bh-iy-s -Sp Xc-Øn-ep h Aam-\p-jnI ZrjvSm- ßfpw ImWn- p-sim-sp- p-hm-\p Hcp sh p-hnfn am{x-am-w-sx v ASpØ hn-\- Øn \n v hy -am-ip- -XmWv. 11 Ah-tcmSv Ah-cpsS dkqep-iƒ ]d p: "R߃ \nß-sft m-se-bp a\p-jy-c- msx (a mcpw) A. F nepw, A mlp Ahs ASn-bm- m-cn \n pw Ah Dt±-in- p- -h-cpss ta Zm nwyw [A\p-{Klw] snøp p. A m-lp-hns A\p-a-Xn-{]-Im-c-a- 2403

23 msx \n߃ v Hcp (A[n-IrX) tcjbpw sim p-h-cp-hm R߃ v BIp-I-bn. A m-lp-hns ta `c-ta ]n- p-sim- s, kxy-hn-izm-kn-iƒ!' 12 "A m-lp-hns ta R߃ `c-ta ]n- m-xn-cn- p-hm R߃ v F mwv (Imc-Wap) Xv (R߃ Ncn-t - p ) Rß-fpsS am K-ß-fn Ah Rßsf hgn-tn Øp X n-cns?! \n߃ Rßsf D]-{Z-hn- -Xn-s\- n \n -b-ambpw R߃ an- pi Xs snøp- -Xp-amWv. A m-lp-hns ta `c-ta ]n- p-sim- s, `c-ta ]n- p- -h!' 11 ]d p Ah-tcmSv Ah-cpsS dkq-ep-iƒ Rß-f a\p-jy-c- msx \nß-sf-t m-ep F nepw A mlp Zm nwyw (A\p-{Klw) snøp p Ahs ASn-bm- m-cn \n v Ah Dt±-in- p- -h-cpss ta BIp-I-bn. ]msn (\nhr-øn-bn ) R߃ v R߃ \n߃ v sim p-h-c, hcm Hcp (A[n-IrX) tcjbpw sim v A\p-hm-Z-{]-Im-c-a- msx A m-lp-hns A m-lp-hns ta `c-ta ]n- p-sim- s hnizm-kn- Iƒ. 12 R߃ v F p v R߃ `c-ta ]n- m-xn-cn- phm A m-lp-hn-s -ta Ah Rßsf hgn-tn Øp X n-cns, Im n-ø- n- p-ap v Rß-fpsS am K-ß-fn, hgn-isf \n -b-ambpw R߃ an pi Xs snøpw bmsxm- n-s\- n Rßsf \n߃ D]-{Z-hn, t{zmln A m-lp-hns ta `c-ta ]n- p-sim- s `c-ta ]n- p- -h icn, R߃ \nß-sf-t m-se-bp a\p-jy Xs -bmwv. a\p-jy-{]-ir-xn-bn \man-cp-iq- cpw tbmpn pw. ]t, A mlp R߃ v {]hm-n-i-xzhpw Znhy ZuXyhpw \ In-bn- p v. AXv Ah Dt±-in- -h v am{xw \ Ip Hcp Zbm-Zm- n-wy-hp-amwv. AXp-sIm- mwv \nßsf D]-tZ-in- p-hm R߃ _m[y-ÿ-cm- 2404

24 bxpw. F m, \n߃ Bh-iy-s -Sp Xc-Øn-ep ZrjvSm- -߃ Im n-ø-cphm R߃ Ai- -cmwv. A m-lp-hns A\p-a-Xnbpw DØ-chpw D m-ip-tºmƒ am{xta AXp- m-ip-i-bp q, Fs m-s -bm-bn-cp p dkq-ep-i-fpss adp-]sn. Ah Imcy-ß-sf mw A m-lp-hn A n- p-ibpw, a ssis m- p-ibpw snbvxp. F m \ntj-[n-i-fpss ASp-Ø-]Sn `oj-wnbpw [n m-c-hp-am-bn-cp p. dkq-ep-ifp-ssbpw kxy-hn-izm-kn-i-fp-ssbpw a Ah-cpsS Zu _-eyhpw ]cm-p-b-hp-am-bnt Ah IW- m- n-bn- p q. Aßs\, `oj-wn-bn \n pw Ah A y-im-k-\- Øn-te pw Iøq- n-te pw apxn p-xp-sßn. AtXmsS Ah-cpsS A yhpw ASpsØØn. Ign kqd-ønse 32 mw hn-\-øn I -Xp-t]mse, BZyw A mlp Ah v Abhv \ In. HSp w Ahsc ]nsn-iq-sp-ibpw snbvxp. AXmWv ASpØ hn\w Nq n- m- p- Xv. hn`mkw 3 13 Ahn-iz-kn- -h Xß-fpsS dkq-ep-i-tfmsv (ho pw) ]d p: "\n -b-ambpw, Rß-fpsS `qan-bn [\m n ] \n v \nßsf R߃ ]pd-øm- pi Xs snøpw, As - n \n߃ Rß-fpsS ax-øn as-ßn-h-cww'. At mƒ, Ah-cpsS [dkq-ep-i-fpss] d v Ah v "hlvbv' [ktµiw] \ In; "\n - b-ambpw, (B) A{I-an-Isf \mw \in- n- pi Xs snøpw:' 14 "Ah-cpsS tijw, `qan-bn [\m n ] \nßsf \mw Xma-kn- n- p-ibpw Xs snøpw. AXv [B ktµiw] Fs ÿm\sø `b-s - Sp-Ibpw, Fs Xm o-xns\ `b-s - Sp-Ibpw snbvx-h p- -XmWv'. 13 ]d-bp-ibpw snbvxp Ahn-iz-kn- -h Ah-cpsS dkq-ep-i-tfmsv \n -b-ambpw R߃ \nßsf ]pd-øm pw, _lnjv -cn pw Rß-fpsS `qan-bn \n v As - n \n߃ asßpi, as-ßn-h-cpi Xs thww Rß-fpsS ax-øn, \S-]-Sn-bn, am K- Øn At mƒ hlvbv \ In Ah-cn-te v Ah-cpsS d v \n -b-ambpw \mw \in- n- pi Xs snøpw A{I-an-Isf 2405

25 14 \nßsf \mw Xma-kn- n- p-ibpw Xs snøpw `qanbn Ah-cpsS tijw AXv `b-s - -h mwv Fs ÿm\w, \ne-]m-sns\ `b-s -Sp-Ibpw Fs Xm o-xns\ A{I-an-Isf \in- n- -tijw kpc- n-x-ambn `qan-bn Xma-kn- n p Xcp-sa- p B ktµiw, A m-lp-hns apºn hnnm-c-w v \n t n hcp-sa- -Xn-s\- - nbpw Ahs Xm o-xp-i-sf- - nbpw `b- m-sp- -hsc Dt±-in- p-sim- p- -Xm-sW v kmcw. as mcp ÿeøv A mlp ]d-bp p: "ap k-ep-i-fmb \ΩpsS ASnbm am v \ΩpsS hm v aptº D m-bn- p v. \n -b-ambpw, Ah Xs -bmwv klm-bn- -s -Sp- -h F pw, \ΩpsS ssk\yw Xs -bmwv hnpbw t\sp- -h F pw.' (37: ) \nßsf R߃ \m n \n v _ln-jv -cn- pi Xs snøpsa v dkq-ep-i-tfmsv ]d B [n m-cn-isf `qan-bn \n v \in- n- p-ibpw, X ÿm-\øv B dkq-ep-i-sfbpw kxy-hn-izm-kn-i-sfbpw sskzc-]q hw Xma-kn- p-am-dm- p-ibpw snøp-sa- m-bn-cp p A mlp dkq-ep-iƒ v \ Inb ktµiw. A\- cw kw`-hn- -sx-s v A mlp Nq n- m- p p: 15 Ah Xpd-hn v (AYhm hnp-b-øn v) At]- n- p-ibpw snbvxp; F m (Hmtcm) tkz m-[n- Im-cnbpw, Zp hm-in- m-c\pw C m- `w-k-s -Sp-Ibpw snbvxp. 15 Ah Xpdhn txsn, hnp-b-øn- -t]- n- bpw snbvxp C m-`w-k-s -SpI (A]-am-\-s -SpI ]cm-p-b-s -SpI) bpw snbvxp tkz m-[n-im-cnbpw Zp hm-in- m-c-\mb, a k-cn-bmb F m kxy-\n-tj-[n-i-fpss [n mcw AXn-cp-hn- -t mƒ, Ah s -Xn-cn klmbw \ In-s m v Imcy-Øn\v Hcp Xocp-am\w hcp-øn-ø-tc-wta F v dkq-ep-ifpw Ahsc ]n ]- n-b-hcpw A m-lp-hn-t\msv txsn. Ch-sc-s m- p ieyw Ah-km- \n p In p-hm B [n m-cn-ifpw txspi kzm`m-hn-i-amwv. At] A mlp kzoicn- pi Xs snbvxp. AsX, tkz bpw, Zp hm-inbpw ssiap-x-em- n-s m- ncp B [n m-cn-isf A mlp ]e-xcw in -I-fm \in- n p, dkq-ep-ifpw kxyhn-izm-kn-ifpw c -s -Sp-Ibpw snbvxp. F m, A{I-an-I-fpsS in m-\-s-]sn CXpsIm v Ah-km-\n- pthm? C : 16 Ahs [B Hmtcm-cp-hs bpw] ]n mse "Pl w' [\ciw] D v; (c hpw Nehpw Ie p) Nos m-gp-ip sh - Øn \n pw Ah v IpSn- p-hm simsp- - -Sp-Ibpw snøpw; 2406

26 17 AX-h ({]bm-k-s p) IpSn- n-d pw, AX-h v (sxm -bneqss) Cd-ßp-am-dm-Ip- -Xp-a [sxm -bn si n-s m- ncn pw]! \m\m-h-i-øn-eq-ssbpw, Ah v acww hs -Øp-Ibpw snøpw; Ah ac-w-s p t]mip- -h-\- -Xm\pw. AXns ]n m-se-bp-ap v (thsdbpw) ItTm-c-amb in! 16 Ahs ]n m-se-bp v, A p-d-øp v Pl w, \ciw Ah IpSn- n- -s -Sp-Ibpw snøpw sh -Øn \n v Nos mgp-ip, No -e-amb 17 Ah-\-Xns\ IpSn- n-d pw, Cd- n-t\m pw BIm-dm-Ip-I-bp-an AX-h\v Cd-ßn-t m-ipi Ah\v hcp- Ibpw snøpw acww F m (\m\m) ÿe-øp-\n pw (\m\m-h-i- Øn-eq-sSbpw) Ah-\- -Xm\pw acn- p-t]m-ip- -h AXns ]n m-se-bp-ap v in I\Ø, ISpØ, ItTm-c-amb ("kzzozv') F m, c hpw Nehpw IqSn- -e No ew F w. \c-i- m-cn \n pw Hgp-In-h-cp Zp K w ]nsn B Pew Ah v IpSn- phm simsp- -s Spw. Ak-l-\o-b-amb Zmlw \nanøw Ah-cXv hfsc IjvS-s p IpSn- n-d- p-hm {ian pw. ]t, Iogvt m- n-d-ßmsx sxm -bn AS- n-cn- p- I-bm-bn-cn pw AXv. ac-w-s p t]mi-ø AXn-I-Tn\ bmx-\-iƒ F m-\n-e pw Ah -\p-`-h-s Spw. F m ac-ww-hgn AXn \n v Ah v tamn\w e`n- phm\pw t]mip- n. as mcp ÿeøv A mlp ]d-bp p: "Ah-cn acww hn[n- -s -Sp-I-bn. F m-e-h v acn- mam-bn-cp p. AXnse in -bn \n pw Ah v elpxzw \evi-s -Sp-I-bp-an.' (35:36) \c-i-ønse in m hip- p-i-fn H v am{xamwv Cu ]d- Xv. AXn-\p-]p-dsa hfsc I\Ø in -Iƒ ]expw thsdbpw Ah p- m-bn-cn pw F mwv F Ah-km-\sØ hmiyw Nq n- m- p- Xv. \c-i- m v \ I-s -Sp ]m\o-b-ß-sf- n thsdbpw ]e ÿe-ß-fn A mlp {]kvxm-hn- p-imwmw. kqdx apl-ω-zn ]d-bp p: "Ah v NqtS-dnb sh w IpSn- m simsp- -s Spw. At mƒ AX-h-cpsS IpS-ep-Isf \pdp- n- -fbp- -XmWv.' (apl-ωzv :15) kqdx A I-lv^n ]d-bp p: "Ah sh -Øn- -t]- n- p- -] w, teml-{zm-hiw t]mse-bp Hcp sh w-sim v Ah v klmbw \ I-s Spw. AXv apj-ßsf Nps -cn- p- -XmWv.' (A Ilv^v: 29) kqdx ZpJm- \n ]d-bp p: "(AXv) teml-{zm-hiw t]mse-bn-cn pw. AXv hb-dp-i-fn NqSv

27 sh- w-t]mse Xnf- p-a-dnbpw.' (ZpJm : 45, 46) A mlp \sω-sb mw ImØp-c- n- s. Bao. 18 Xß-fpsS d n Ahn-izkn- -h-cpss D]a: Ah-cpsS {]hrøn [I aw]iƒ simsp- m- - Sn p hoip Hcp Znh-k-Øn Im v ITn-\-ambn (ASn- p-hoin) s m ncp Hcp shæodv t]mse-bm-ip p. (AsX) Ah ({]h Øn p) kºm-zn- -Xn \n v bmsxm- n\pw (^ew kn n- p-hm ) Ah v Ign-bp-I-bn. AXv Xs -bmwv hnzq-c-amb hgn-]n-ghv! 18 bmsxm-cp-h-cpss D]a Ah Ahn-iz-kn p XßfpsS d n Ah-cpsS I a-߃, {]hr-øn-iƒ Hcp shæo (Nmcw) t]mse-bmwv AXn ITn-\-ambn (ASn- p-hoin) Im v Hcp Znh-k-Øn simsp- m- -Sn- p Ah v IgnbpIbn Ah kºm-zn ({]h Øn ) Xn \n v bmsxm pw AXv Xs bmwv hgn-]n-ghv hnzq-c-amb ZpjvI a-߃ Bcv snbvxmepw AXn\v in -bmwv {]Xn-^ew e`n- p-i-sb- Xv Xo -bmwv. F m, Ahn-izm-kn-I-fmb Bfp-Iƒ snøp Zm\-[ a-߃, s]mxp-tk-h-\-߃ t]mse-bp k a-߃ aqehpw Ah v ]c-tem-iøv bmsxmcp ^ehpw e`n- p-hm-\n-s v A mlp hy -am- p p. 25:23; 46:20 apxemb ÿe-ß-fnepw A mlp C mcyw hy -am- n-bn- p- -XmWv. A m-lp-hnepw ]c-tem-i-ønepw hnizm-k-an- m-ø-hcpw, ]c-temi KpW-sam pw B{K-ln- m-øh-cp-am-w-h F p- -XmWv AXn v ImcWw. sfln-i-amb Fs - nepw KpWem-`-ß-f- msx Ah v thsd e y-sam pw D m-bn-cn- p-i-bn- t m. BI-bm, Ah-cpsS I a-^-e-߃ Cl-Øn sh v-xs A mlp IW- p-xo Øp simsp- p-i-bmwv snøpi. simsp- m- n s] shæo- -sim v bmsxmcp {]tbm-phpw In m-ø-xvt]mse, Ah-cpsS I a-߃ sim pw Ah v Hcp {]tbm-p-\hpw e`n- p-hm-\n-s - s{x A mlp ]d D]-a-bpsS kmcw. kxy-hn-izm-kn-iƒ t]mepw A m-lp-hn- \n p k ^-e-ßsf e y-am- msx P\-{ip-Xnt m, k t]- cnt\m th n snøp I a-߃ A m-lp-hn- kzoim-cy-a-s pw, AXn\v {]Xn- ^ew In p-i-bn-s pw Izp -B-\n \n pw \_n-h-n-\-ß-fn \n pw Adn-b-s - - Xm-Wt m. {]_-e-amb Hcp lzo-yn C{]-Imcw h n-cn- p p: BCix (d) ]d-bp-i-bmwv: Rm tnmzn p; "A m-lp-hns dkqte, Pmln-enøm ImeØv C_v\p PZv-B 2408

28 ( ÉnYr~nL øhg) IpSpw w ]men- p-ibpw, km[p- ƒ v ` Ww \ Ip-Ibpw snbvxn-cp p. AXv Abmƒ v D]-tbmKs Sptam?' Xncp-ta\n ]d p: "AXv Abmƒ v D]-I-cn- p-i-bn. ImcWw, At±lw Fs dt, {]Xn-^-e-Øns Znhk-Øn F\n v Fs sx v s]mdp-øp-x-ctw (øj~dg Ωƒj àä«n ôøzg ÜQ) F v ]d- n- n '. Abmƒ ]c-tem-i-øn hniz-kn- n-cp- n- t m F mwv \_n Nq n- m- p- Xv. 19 \o I nt, A mlp BIm-i-ß-sfbpw, `qan-sbbpw bym Y (apd) {]Imcw krjvsn- ncn- p- p-sh v?! Ah Dt±-in- p- -] w, \nßsf Ah (Chn-sS- \n v) t]m p-ibpw, Hcp ]pxnb krjvsnsb (ChnsS) sim p-h-cp- Ibpw snøpw; 20 AXv A m-lp-hn-s -ta Hcp hocy-s [{]bm-k-s ] sxm p-a. 19 \o I nt A mlp F v krjvsn- n-cn- p p (F v) BIm-i-ßsf `qan-sbbpw bym Y (apd) {]Imcw Ah Dt±-in- p (thw-sa v sh p ) ] w \nßsf Ah t]m pw, sim p-t]mipw Ah hcp-ibpw snøpw Hcp krjvsn-sbsim v ]pxp-xmb 20 AX- -Xm\pw A m-lp-hns ta Hcp hocy-s - Xv ({]bm-k-s - Xv) \n߃ A m-lp-hns\ Bcm-[n pw Ahs \nba \n tz-i-߃ A\p-k-cn pw hcp-hm Xøm-dn-s - n A m-lp-hn v AXpsIm v Hcp tzmjhpw _m[n- p-hm- \n. thw-sa- n \nßsf \in- n p as mcp ]pxnb krjvsnsb Cu temiøv sim p-h-cp-hm Ah v H pw {]bm-k-an F v kmcw. (]pxnb krjvsn) sim pt±iyw a\p-jy-c- mø thsdmcp krjvsn F pw, Cu P\-X-b- mø as mcp P\X F pw BIm-hp- -XmWv. kqdx apl-ω-zns Ah-km-\-Øn A mlp ]dbp p: "\n߃ Xncn- p-i-f-bp-i-bm-sw- n, \nß-f- mø Hcp P\-Xsb Ah ]Icw sim p-hcpw. F n v Ah \nß-sf-t mse Bbn-cn- -bn.' Ahn-izm-kn-I-sf- p-dn v kwkm-cn- p-sim- n-cns, CS- p-sh v A m-lp-hns km -{Xn-I-amb Ign-hn-s\bpw, krjvsn ssh`-h-søbpw Ipdn v Hm a-s -Sp-Øn-btijw, ho pw Ah-cpsS hnj-b-øn-te v Xs kwkmcw Xncn- p-sim v A mlp ]d-bp p: 2409