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Átírás

1 2856

2 Ëôe IQƒ S 19. kqdxp a bw a -bn Ah-X-cn- Xv hn-\-߃ 98 hn`mkw (dp-iq-dv) 6 [hn\-߃ 99 B nbpw Nne FÆn-bn- p- v. 58- mw hn-\-amb kpzxbpss BbØv az\o Ime-L- -Øn Ah-X-cn- -Xm-Ip- p. _m n `mk-ß-fmwv a o L - Øn Ah-X-cn- -Xv.] ]ca Imcp-Wn-I\pw Icp-Wm-\n- [n-bp-amb A m-lp-hns \ma- Øn. 1 "Im^v lm bm sf kzmzv.' 2 \ns c n-xmhv Ahs ASn-bm ki-cn-øm v snbvx A\p-{K-l-sØ- p-dn- p {]kvxmh-\-bmwv (C-Xv.) 1 (D-t±iyw A m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw) 2 {]kvxm-hn- p-i-bm-wv, ]dbp-i-bmwv Imcp-Wyw, A\p-{Klw \ns c n-xm-hns Xs ASnbm\v ki-cn-øm v Cu kqd-ønse H mw Bb-Øn-se- -t]mse, thsd Nne kqd-xp-i-fpss Bcw- `-Ønepw C{]-Im-c-ap tih-em- -c-߃ ImWm-hp- -Xm-Ip- p. BsI 29 A ymb-ß-fn-emwv AXp- -Xv. Cu A -c-߃sim v Dt±-in- -s - n- p- Xv F m-sw v JWvUn-X-ambn ]d-bp-hm \ap v km[y-a-. kqd-xp-i-fpss t]cp-i-fm-sw- pw, Nne kqn-\m -ß-fmWv Ah-sIm v Dt±-iy-sa- pw, A m-lp-hn pw \_n pw CS-bn-ep Nne kzimcy kqn-\-i-fm-sw pw a pw A`n-{]m-b-߃ ]d-b-s - n- p- v. A m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. (Iq-Sp-X hnhcw kqd-xp _Iz-dx-bpsS Bcw-`-Øn ImWp-I.) 2857

3 3 (A-Xm-b-Xv) At±lw Xs c n-xm-hns\ cl-ky-ambn hnfn- t mƒ ({]m n- -t mƒ); 4 At±lw (C-ßs\) ]d p: "Fs dt! \n -b-ambpw Rm, Fs F p-iƒ _e-lo-\-am-bn-cn- p p; Xe \c-bm IØn-Øn-fßp-Ibpw snbvxn-cn- p p; \nt msv {]m n- -Xn Fs dt Rm Zp `m-ky-hm-\m-hp-i-bp- m-bn- p-an! 5 Fs ]n o-sp- m-ip _ p-ip-spw-_-ßsf (]n XpS - m-sc)- p-dn v Rm `b-s -Sp p; Fs `mcy a n-bm-bn-cn- p-i-bp-am- Wv. AXp-sIm- v, \ns ] \n v Hcp (\- ) _ psh (]n Xp-S m-h-im-in-sb) F\n v \o Zm\w \ ti-wta! 6 F\n- pw, bav-izq_v IpSpw- _-Øn\pw A\- -cm-h-im-in-bm-bn- Øo-cp (Hcp _ p-sh), Ah-s\ Fs dt \o Hcp kpk- ΩX\m p-ibpw sntø-wta! 3 At±lw hnfn- -t mƒ, {]m n- -t mƒ Xs d ns\, c n- Xm-hns\ Hcp hnfn, {]m \ cl-ky-amb 4 At±lw ]d p Fs dt \n -b-ambpw Rm _e-lo-\-am-bn-cn- p p F v F n-ep (F-s ) IØn-Øn-f-ßp-Ibpw (sh-fp-øp-t]m-ip-i-bpw) snbvxp Xe \c-bm Rm Bbn- p-an \nt msv {]m n- - Xn Fs dt Zp `m-ky-hm, ]cm-pn-x 5 \n -b-ambpw Rm Rm `b-s - p, `b-s -Sp p _ p-ip-spw-_-ß-sf, ]n Xp-S - msc Fs ]nd-in-ep-, tij-ap BIp-Ibpw snbvxn-cn- p p Fs `mcy, Fs kv{xo h y AXp-sIm v Zm\w \ ItW F\n v \ns ] \n v (\ns hi-bm-bn) Hcp _ psh (]n Xp- S m-h-im-in-sb) 6 Ah Fs A\- -c-sa-sp pw A\- -c-sa- 2858

4 Sp- p-ibpw snøp p bavizq-_ns IpSpw-_-Øn \n v Ahs\ B p-ibpw thwta Fs dt kpk-ω-x, Xr]vX kpsse-am \_n (A)bpsS k -Xn-I-fn s] BfmWv ki-cnøm \_n (A). At±-l-Øn\v 75 Hm 80 Hm hb- mbn Xe apgp-h\pw \c- p-sh-fpøp Ign- p. At±l-Øns `mcy, Cukm \_n (A)bpsS amxr-k-tlm-z-cn-bpw, Cwdms ( GnôrªpY) aifpw BIp- p. Ah CtX-hsc {]k-hn- n n. Xulo-Zpw, kxy-a-xhpw {]N-cn- n- pi F At±-l-Øns IrXyw Xs ac-w-tijw \n h-ln- p-hm X ]n Km-an- Isf At±lw ImWp- n-. Xs ]nxm- -fm-bn-cp ap {]hm-n-i am apx t XpS p h -XmWv Cu al IrXyw. AXv XpS p \S-Øn-s m- n-cn- p-hm Bfn- msx apdn- p-t]m-ip- -Xn-ep hyk\w At±-lØn\v a\- -am-[m-\-an- m-xm- n-bn-cn- p-i-bm-wv. CX- m-sx, X\n-s mcp k m-\-ap- m-bn- n- t m F hyk-\- a At±-l-Øn-\p- -Xv. \ne-hn-ep Xs IpSpw-_-ß-fm-Is, At±lw CjvS-s - Sp B t\ am K-Øn Ncn- p- -h-cmbn At±lw I -Xp-an-. Aßs\ X\ns mcp k m\w \ ti-wta F v At±lw A mlphnt\msv {]m n- p- p. {]m \ \S-Øn-bXv P\-k-Z- n sh m-bn-cp- n-. At±-l-Øns _e-lo-\- X-bpw, ]cn-xx-ÿn-xnbpw B {]m -\-bn FSpØp ]d-bp-ibpw, \ I-s -Sp Ip n \ -h-\m-bn-cn- -W-sa- p-iqsn At]- n- p-ibpw snbvxp-sim mwv At±lw A m-lp-hns apºn Xmgva A n- p- -Xv. Ft mgpw, GXv hnj-am-h-ÿ-bnepw A m-lp-hn-t\msv am{xta Xm {]m n- m-dp- q-sh- pw, Ah-sb mw Xs kzoicn- -s - n- p-s - pw, AXvt]mse Cu {]m -\bpw kzoi-cn- -\p-{k-ln- -W-sa pw {]m -\-bn kqnn- n- n p v. CXv k a-ß-sf-s m- p CS-tX- Øn (π SƒJ)s C\-Øn Dƒs - -Xm-Ip- p. AXm, At±-l-Øns ZpB (AÉYoO) kzoicn- -s -Sp p! A mlp ]d-bp p: 7 "tl, ki-cnøm! \n -bambpw \mw, \n\ v Hcp B Ip- n-sb- p-dn v kt m-j-hm Ø Adn-bn- p p; Ah-\p-t], "blvbm' F m-ip p;' Ah-\pambn t]scmø Hcm-sfbpw apºv \mw D m- n-bn- n-.' 8 At±lw ]d p: "Fs dt! Fß-s\-bmWv F\n-s mcp B Ip- n-bp- m-hpi? Fs `mcy a n-bm-bn-cn- p p; Rm hm - Iy-Øm hcƒ {]m]n p Ign- n-cn- p- p.' 2859

5 9 Ah [A mlp] ]d p: (Im-cyw) Aßs\Øs ; \ns d v ]d-bp p: AXv F\n v Hcp \n mc Imcy-as{X; \o bmsxmcphkvxphpw Bbn-cp- n- m-xn-cn-s apºv \ns Rm krjvsn- p-ht m.' 7 tl, ki-cnøm \n -b-ambpw \mw \n\ v \mw kt mj-hm Ø Adn-bn- p p Hcp B Ip- nsb (_m-e-s\)- p-dn v Ahs t] blvbm F mwv \mw D m- n-bn- n-, B n-bn- n A- h\v apºv t]scm-ø-h-s\, Xpey-am-b-h-s\, \ma-[m-cnsb 8 At±lw ]d p Fs dt Fß-s\-bmWv D m-hpi F\n v Hcp B Ip n Bbn-cn- p p Fs `mcy, Fs kv{xo a n, {]khn- m-ø-hƒ Rm FØn-bn pap- v, {]m]n- n- p-ap v hm - Iy-Øm hcƒ (_-e-lo-\-x) 9 Ah ]d p Aßs\Øs \ns d v ]d-bp p AXv F\n v \n mc Imcy-amWv \ns Rm krjvsn- n- p- t m apºv \o Bbn-cp- n (F- n-cns ) Hcp hkvxp-hpw, bmsxm pw Xs X\n-s mcp B Ip n D m-ip-hm t]mip- p-sh v Adn- -t mƒ ki-cnøm \_n (A) v A `pxw txm n. A m-lp-hn\v F m Imcy-Øn\pw Ign-hp-s v At±-l-Øn\v Adn-bmw. AXp-sIm v Xs -bmwv At±lw ZpB snbvx-xpw. Xms\mcp bphm-hm-bn-cp Ime-Øv-t]mepw {]k-hn- mø a n-bm-bncp `mcybpw Xm\pw Ct mƒ, Atß-A w hm Iyw {]m]n- n-cn- p-i-bm-wv. B ÿnxn v h am hpw kw`-hnt m AX- ]pxnb `mcy-h-gn-tbm, at -sx- nepw Xc-Øn-tem, Fßs\-bm-WnXv kw`-hn- pi? CX-dn-bp-hm At±-l-Øn\v shº-ep- m-ipi kzm`mhn-i-am-w-t m. A m-lp-hn \n pw e`n- p adp-]sn X\n v a\- -am-[m-\-øn\pw a p- -h v Nn n- p-hm\pw DX-Ip-Ibpw snøpw. Aß-s\, ta I tnmzyw tnmzn- p. A m-lp-hns adp-]-sn-bm-i-s, hfsc A -K `-hp-am-bn-cp- p. blvbm \_n (A)bpsS t]cns Ad-_n-bn-ep- D m-cw cq]-amwv "blvbm' ( n«rënj). thz- m At±-lsØ "tbml m' (ÉænMƒoj) F mwv hnfn p hcp- -Xv. "t]scmø Hcm-sfbpw \mw apºv D m- n-bn- n ' F v ]d- -Xn \n v Cu t]cp Hcmƒ apºp- m-bn- n-s v a\- n-em-ip- p. CXv At±-l-Øns Hcp {]txy- I-X-bm-bn-cp- p. Nne hymjym-xm- ƒ "kan-ø ' (É«pªn S) F hm n\v "Xpey ' As - n "ka ' F pw A w I ]n- n- p- v. At mƒ, A m-eøv A{X tbmky-\mb Hcmƒ thsd C m-bn-cp p F v kmc-am-bn-cn- p- -Xm-Wv. At±-l-amsW- n, At±-l-Øns Pohn-X-Im-eØv bmsxmcp ]m]hpw snøp-i-bm-i-s, ]m]w 2860

6 snø-w-sa v Dt±-in- p-i-bm-is D m-bn- n Xm\pw. A mlp \ Inb kt m-j-hm Øsb \µn-]q hw kvacn- p-sim- n-cn- p-hm- \pw, t\c-sø-øs AXv I v Bkz-Zn- p-hm\pw ki-cnøm \_n (A) v B{Kl-ambn: 10 At±lw ]d p: "Fs dt! (F- m,) \o F\n v Hcp ZrjvSm w \n -bn p Xtc-Wta?' Ah [A mlp] ]d p; "icnbmb \ne-bn, aq v cm{xn [Znhkw], \o P\-ß-tfmSv kwkmcn- p-i-bn-s - p- -XmWv \n\ v ZrjvSm- w.' 11 Aßs\ At±lw {]m \m awvu-]-øn \n v (]p-d-øp-h- p) Xs P\-߃ v {]Xy- -s p; F n- v, "\n߃ cmhn-se-bpw, sship-t -chpw kvtxm{x-io Ø\w snbvxp-sim- pi' F v Ah-cpsS t\sc BKyw-Im-Wn- p. [kqn\ \ In.] 10 At±lw ]d p Fs dt \o \n -bn p Xtc-W-ta, G s -Sp-Øn-Ø-tc-Wta F\n v Hcp ZrjvSm- w, AS-bmfw - A-h ]d p \ns ZrjvSm w \o kwkm-cn- m-xn-cn- pi F -XmWv P\-ßtfmSv, a\p-jy-tcmsv aq v cm{xn (Zn-h-kw) icn-bmb \ne-bn 11 ß-fn Aßs\ At±lw ]pd-s - p, {]Xy- -s p Xs P\-߃ v, P\- anlvdm-_n \n v, {]m \m awvu-]-øn \n v F n v At±lw BwKyw Im n, kqn\ \ In Ah v, Ah-tcmSv \n߃ kvtxm{x-io Ø\w (X-kv_o-lv) snbvxp-sim- pi F v ImeØv -ssh-ip-t chpw sshin-bn- pw, k ym-k-a-bøpw - cm-hnse, "icn-bmb \ne-bn ' F v A w ]d- n- p- Xv (k-hn-ø ) F ]ZsØ Dt±-in- m-wv. CXv c v {]Im-c-Øn hymjym-\n- -s - n-cn- p p; tcmktam AwKssh-I-eytam IqSmsX icn v Btcm-Ky-hm-\m-bn-cn-s -Øs ki-cnøm \_n (A) v aq v Znhkw kwkm-cn- p-hm Ign-bmsX hcp- -Xm-sW- pw, icn pw aq v cm{xn aq v Znh-kw kwkm-cn- p-hm Ign-bm-Xn-cn- p-sa- pw. as mcp hn[-øn 2861

7 ]d- m : "icn-bmb \ne-bn ' F ÿnxn-hn-ti-jww ( ÉM) ki-cnøm \_n (A)sb kw_- n pw cm{xnsb kw_- n pw Bbn-cn- p-hm CS-bp v F v kmcw. Znh-ksØ Dt±-in- p-sim v án r«nd (cm-{xn) F v ]d-bpi Ad-_n-`m-j-bn km[m-c-w-am-ip- p. AXp-sIm- mwv CtX kw`-h-sø- n Bep-Cw-dm 41 "aq v Znhkw' (ΩÉjG ákónk) F pw ]d- n-cn- p- -Xv. ÜGnôrëpe (an-lvdm-_v) sim v ChnsS Dt±iyw km[m-cw \ΩpsS CS-bn Adn-b-s -Sp Xc-Øn-ep anlvdm_v A. ] n-i-fn C v {]Nm-c-Øn-ep anlvdm_v \_n v tijw D m-bn- Øo -Xm-Ip p. {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS Bcm-[-\m-ÿ-e-ß-fn AXnse ]ptcm-ln- X am p-th n {]txyiw D m- -s -Sp awvu-]-amwv ChnsS Dt±-in- -s - ncn- p- -Xv. ki-cnøm (A) ]Xn-hv{]-Imcw P\-ß-sfm- n v {]m \ \S-Øp-hm, At±l-Øns {]txyi awvu-]-øn \n v Cd-ßn-h p t\m p-tºmƒ, At±-l-Øn\v kwkm-cn- p-hm høm-xm-bn-cn- p- p. AXn-\m, Xm IqSm-sX-Øs c p-t\- chpw AXv \S-Øn-s m- p-hm At±lw BwKyw aqew AhtcmSv I ]n- p. At±lw ss_øp apiz-±kv ] n-bnse t\xmhmbn-cp psh- Xv kvac-wo-b-am- Ip- p. aq v Znhkw P\-ßtfmsSm w kvtxm{x-io Ø-\-ß-fn ]s -Sp- m-xn-cp- Xv kwkm-cn- p-hm Ign-bm- -Xp-sIm v am{xw Bbn-s m- -W-sa- n ; B Znh-k-ß-fn, At±-l-Øn\v GIm- -am-bn-s m v kvtxm{x-\-a-kvim-cm-zn-i a-߃ snøm-\p- m-b-xv -sim- m-bn-cp- p-sh pw hcm-hp- -Xm-Wv. A m-lp-hn-\-dn-bmw. GXmbmepw, Ckvdm-bo-ey v Ah-cm-Wt m At±-l-Øns P\-X cmhn-sebpw sshipt -chpw Nne {]m \m \a-kvim-c-߃ \S-tØ- -Xp- m-bn-cp- p-sh v Cu hn- \-Øn \n v \ap v a\- n-em- m-hp- -Xm-Ip- p. ki-cnøm \_n (A) v e`n kt m-j-hm Ø AXm, km m -cn- -s - Sp p! ]p{x P\n- p- p km[m-cw Ip n-i-sf-t m-se-b- mø Hcp ]p{x! A mlp ]d-bp- Xv t\m pi; 12 "tl, blvbm! thz-{kÿw _e-ambn kzoi-cn- p-sim- pi' (F pw \mw ]d p). inip-hm-bn-cn- p-tºmƒ Xs, \mw Ah\v (th-z) hn m\w \ Ip-Ibpw snbvxp; 13 \ΩpsS ] \n v A\p- I-º-bpw, ]cn-ip- nbpw (\ In); Ah Hcp ` \pw Bbn-cp p; 14 Xs amxm-]n-xm- ƒ v \ snøp- -h\pw (B-bn-cp- p); 2862

8 A\p-k-c-W-an- mø {Iqc-\m-bn-cp- - Xp-an-. 15 Ah P\n Znh-k-hpw, acn- p Znh-k-hpw, Poh-\p- -h- \mbn Fgp-t ]n- -s -Sp Znhkhpw Ah\v kemw! [im n-bp- v.] 12 tl, blvbm \o kzoi-cn- p-i, FSp- pi thz- {KŸw _e-ambn, i n-tbmss Ah\v \mw simspøp hn m- \w, bp n, hn[n inip-hm-bn-cn- p-tºmƒ 13 A\p-I-º-bpw, Zbbpw \ΩpsS ] \n v ]cn-ip- nbpw Ah Bbn-cp- p-xm\pw `, `b-`- n-bp- -h, kq va-x-bp- -h 14 \ snøp- -h\pw Xs amxm-]n-xm- ƒ v Ah Bbn-cp- -Xp-an {Iqc, \njvtq-c, Uw`p-Im-c, ITn-\ A\p-k-c-W-an- m-ø-h-\m-b, hn]-coxw snøp 15 im n, kemw Ah\v (D- v, D m-h-s ) Ah P\n Znhkw Ah acn- p Znh-khpw Fgp-t\ ]n- s -Sp (a-c-wm-\- cw Pohn- n- -s -Sp- ) Znh-khpw Poh-\p- -h-\m-bn-s m v thz-{kÿw F v ]d- Xv Xudm-Øns\ Dt±-in- m-ip- p. Cukm \_n (A)- bpss apºv ax-\n-ba {KŸ-ambn \ne-hn-ep- m-bn-cp- Xv AXm-bn-cp- p. thz-{kÿw a\- n-em- p-hm-\pw, P\-ßsf D]-tZ-in- p-hm\pw th p Ignhpw {]m]vxnbpw At±-l-Øn\v sndp- -Øn Xs A mlp {]Zm\w snbvxp. hfsc k kz-`m-hnbpw, k Kp-W-k-ºq W-\p-am-bn-cp p At±-lw. ºrµM (lp-ivav) F ]Z-Øn-\mWv \mw ChnsS "hn m\w' F v A w I ]n- -Xv. \oxn-t_m-[w, hn[n F pw a pw AXn\v A w ]d-b-s - n-cn- p- p. {]hm-n- I-Xz-amWv ChnsS AXp-sIm v Dt±-in- -s - n- p- -sx- pw, At±lw aqt m, As - n Gtgm hb- p- -t mƒ Xs {]hm-n-i-\mbn \ntbm-kn- -s - n- p-s pw Nne Izp -B hymjym-xm- ƒ ]d- n-cn- p- p. CXv icn-bm-sw- n, blvbm \_n (A)-bpsS Hcp {]txy-i-x-bmwv AXv F Imcy-Øn kwi-b-an-. GXmbmepw ssiihw apx vxs At±lw Akm-[m-cW KpW-k-º- -\pw, Bcm-[- \m-\n-a- -\p-am-bn-cp- p-sh v Xo -bm-ip- p. Cukm \_n (A)bpsS P\-\-IY hni-z-ambn hnh-cn- n- p Hcp A ym-b-amwv Cu kqd-øv. At±-l-Øns hnj-b-øn {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ si n-bp- m- nb AXncv Ihn ]e hmz-ß-sf-bpw, PqX am-cpss ]e hymp-{]-kvxm-h-\-i-sfbpw JWvUn- p-sim v kw`-h-øns bym -cq]w A mlp Cu kqd-øn XpS p hnh-cn- p- p- v. AXn-t\mSv _ -s Hcp kw`-h-amwv blvbm \_n (A)-bp-sS-bpw, Ah XΩn IpSpw-_ -_- ap -Xv-t]m-se-Ø-s, ZuXy-\n h-lw Imcy-Ønepw 2863

9 _ -ap mbncp- p. Cukm (A)s {]t_m-[-\-øn\v hgn sxfn-bn- p Hcp apt m-sn-bm-bn- mwv blvbm (A)s BK-a\w D m-bn- p- -Xv. am{x-a-, kqdx Bep- Cw-dm-\n A mlp hy -am- n-bn- p- -Xvt]m-se, Cukm \_n (A)-bpsS amxmhns\ kwc- n- p-h- Xpw ki-cnøm \_n (A) Bbn-cp- p. amxm-hns {]m - \m-^-e-ambn a b-an {]Xy- -s Nne ZrjvSm- -߃ ki-cnøm \_n (A) v Bthiw \ Ip-I-bp- m-bn. a -fn- m-xn-cp At±-l-Øn\v kxy-{]-t_m-[\w \S- Øp- -Xn Xs ]n XpS - m-c-\mbn hc-ø Hcp ai-\p- m-bn- m-wp-hm AXn-bmb B{Klw txm p-ibpw snbvxp. F n- mwv At±lw api-fn ]d- - {]-Imcw ZpB snbvx-xv. Cßs\, ]e \ne pw ]c-kv]-c-_- -ap c v kw`-h- I-Y-I-fmWv blvbm \_n-bp-ss-xpw, Cukm \_n-bpss-xpw. ΩÓ ùdg ɪ r«n ny apivcn pifpss a ±\w \nanøw a -bn \n v Nne kzlm-_n-iƒ A_n-ko- \nbm (á ûñm)bnte v lnpvdx t]mip-ibpw, \ mio (s\-km-io) cmpm-hns\ A`bw {]m]n- p-ibpw D m-b-t m. Ah AhnsS Xma-kn psim n-cn- p ImeØv Ahsc X߃ v hn p-in- -W-sa v At]- n- p-sim- pw, apkvenw-i-fpss ta ]e A]-hm-Z-ßfpw Btcm-]n- p-sim pw Izpssd-in-I-fpsS Hcp \nth-z-i-kwlw \ mio cmpm-hns\ kao-]n- p-i-bp- m-bn. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn cmpmhv B kzlm-_n-isf hnfn- n v ]expw At\z-jn- p-i-bp- m-bn. cmpmhv {InkvXym-\n-bm-bn-cp- p. At±l-hp-am-bp- mb kw`m-j-w-øn PAv-^-dp_v\p A_o-Xzm-en_v ( VQ ` ÖdÉnW HG øh ônø nl) cmpm-hn\v kqdøv a bw HmXn-t ƒ n- p. cmpmhv kwxr- ]vx-\m-hp-i-bpw, Ckvemw kzoi-cn- p-ibpw D m-bn. Cukm (A)-sb- p-dn v "C Poen' At±lw I -Xn-t\mSv Izp -B tbmpn- n ps v At±lw {]kvxmhn- p-ibpw snbvxp. F m, C v \ap v ss vfp-i-fn ImWp-hm Ign-bp C Po-ep-Iƒ (kp-hn-ti-j-߃) A -tø-xn \n pw tihew hyxykvx cq]-ønem-wp- -sx Imcyw \n w-i-b-am-wv. F n-cp- m-epw, blvbm \_n (A)bpsS P\-\-I-Y-bn C sø C Poepw Gsd- psd Izp B\pambn tbmpn- p-im-wmw. AXnse Nne `mk-߃ ChnsS D -cn- p Xv kµ t`m-nn-x-am-bn-cn pw: "blqzym (*) cmpm-hmb s^tdm-zmhn (**)s ImeØv A_o-bm- q-dn skjcymhv F v t]cp-s mcp ]ptcm-ln-x D m-bn-cp- p. Ahs `mcy Alvtdm (***)s ]p{x- m-cn Hcp-Øn-bm-bn-cp- p. Ahƒ v Fen-i-t_Øv F p t], Ccp-hcpw sszh-k- n-[n-bn \oxn-bp- -hcpw, I Øm-hns kie I ]-\-I-fnepw \ymb-ß-fnepw Ip -an- m-ø-h-cmbn \S- p- -hcpw Bbn-cp- p. Fen-i-_Øv a nbm-i-sim v Ah v k -Xn-I-fn- m p; - Ccp-hcpw hb - v sn -h-cp-am-bn-cp p... s]utcmlnxy acym-z-{]-im-cw, I Øm-hns aµn-c-øn sn v [qaw Im p-hm Ah\v \dp v h p, At mƒ I Øm-hns ZqX [qa-]o-t-øns he-`m-køv h p \n p h\m-bn v Ah\p {]Xy- -ambn... ZqX Ah-t\mSv ]d- Xv: (*) blqzym ]Sw 3 ImWmw. (**) lntdm-tzm-økv ùjho Òpg (***) Cu Alvtdm hôgg A m-e-øp Hcm-fm-Ip- p. aqkm (A)s ktlm-z-c lmdq (A) A. 28- mw hn-\-øn hcp lmdq Ct±-l-am-sW v Nne v A`n-{]m-b-ap.v 2864

10 "skj-cym-th, `b-s -ts m, \ns {]m -\ v DØ-c-ambn \ns `mcy Fen-it_Øv \n\ v Hcp ais\ {]k-hn pw; Ah\v "tbml- m ' F v t]cn-s-ww. \n\ v kt m-jhpw D m-khpw D m-ipw. Ahs P\-\-Øn ]ecpw kt mjn- pw. Ah I Øm-hns k n-[n-bn hen-b-h BIpw. ho pw azyhpw IpSn- p-i-bn-. AΩ-bpsS K `-Øn sh- p-xs ]cn-ip- m-flmhpsim v \nd-bpw. Ah bnkvdm-tb a -fn ]e-scbpw Ah-cpsS sszh-amb I Øm-hn- -te v Xncn- p-h-cpøpw...' "sk-j-cymhv ZqX-t\mSv: "CXv Rm Fs m- n-\m Adnbpw? Rm hr \pw Fs `mcy hb- p-sn- -h-fp-at m' F v ]d- p. ZqX Ah-t\mSv: "Rm sszhk- n-[n-bn \n p K{_n-tb (*) BIp p: \nt msv kwkm-cn- m-\pw, Cu kzz Ø-am\w \nt msv Adn-bn- m\pw Fs Ab- n-cn- p- p. X -k-a-bøv \nhrøn hcp-hm-\p Fs Cu hm v hniz-kn- m-bvi-sim v AXv kw`-hn pw hsc \o kwkm-cn- m Ign-bmsX sau-\-am-bn-cn pw' F v DØcw ]d- p. P\w skj-cym-hn-\mbn ImØn-cp p... Ah ]pdøp h m-sd, Ah-tcmSv kwkm-cn- m Ign- n... Ah Ah v BwKyw Im n...' (eq-t mkv: ) Pn_vco (A) h v kphn-tijw Adn-bn- -t mƒ AXv hniz-kn- m-ø-xns t]cn-emwv ki-cnøm \_n (A) v kwkm-cn- p-hm Ign-bm-sX-h- -sx- m-wt m C Po-en I -Xv. CXv Izp -B ]d- -Xn\v FXn-cm-sW v hy -am-wv. AXpsIm v AXv \ap v Ah-K-Wn- mw. blvbm \_n (A)-bpsS IY-bn \n v Xmsg ]d-bp Imcy-߃ a\- n-em- p-hm km[n pw: (1) A m-lp-hns i n-am-lm-fly-hpw, Imcp-Wyhpw AXn-c- -Xm-Ip- p. GXv kµn- Kv[L- -Ønepw \mw \ncm-i-s -S-cp-Xv. \mw sntø- Xv \ΩpsS Ign-h-\p-k-cn v snøp- Ibpw, AXn-\- p-d-ap- -Xn-se mw Ah-t\mSv {]m n- p-ibpw snø-ww. lrz-bkm- n-[y-tøm-spw, ` n-bm-z-c-thm-spw-iqsn snøp {]m \ A mlp ]mgm- p- I-bn-. (2) km[m-cw {]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-߃ v AXo-X-ambn Nne kw`-h-߃ A mlp Cu temiøv shfn-s -Sp-Øn-tb- m-hp- -Xm-Wv. (3) cl-ky-ambn \S-Øp {]m \ {]txyi ^ew snøp- -Xm-Ip- p. \ΩpsS F m ÿnxn-k-xn-ifpw A mlp icn v Adn-bp- -h-\m-sw- nepw \ΩpsS km[p- Xzhpw Ai- nbpw kω-xn- p-i-sb \ne v {]m -\-bn AXv hnkvx-cn p ]d-bp- Xv \ -Xm-Ip- p. lrz-b-km- n-[y-tøm-spw, \njvi-f- -X-tbmSpw IqSn-bm-bncn- Ww {]m -\. clkyamb {]m \ CXn\v IqSp-X DX-Ip- p. (4) k m-\-߃ v \ Xpw ]pxn-b-xp-amb t]cp-iƒ sh p-i-bmwv th -Xv. t]cns Dt±iyw Xs, Xncn- -dn-bp-i-bm-w-t m. ASp-Ø-SpØ ÿe-ß-fn Htc t] H n-e-[niw Bfp-Iƒ v D m-ip ] w Cu Dt±-iy-Øn\v tim w ] p- p. \ A w tzymxn- n- p t]cn-sp- -Xns\ \_n hfsc t{]m m-ln- n- n- p- -Xmbn lzo-yp-i-fnepw ImWmw. ΩÓ ùdg «YπjÈL F ae- v * 2865

11 (5) a -fpss \ - p-th n amxm-]n-xm- ƒ ZpB sntø- -Xm-Ip- p. (6) amxm-]n-xm- ƒ v \ snøpi F Xv a -fp-ss Ah F{X tbmky amcm-bmepw icn {][m\ IS-a-bpw, al-ømb ]pwy-i a-hp-am-ip- p. (7) s]mxp-{]-h Ø-\-Ønepw, kap-zm-b-tk-h-\-ønepw G s -Sp Bƒ s]mxp P\k-Ω-X-\m-bn-cn-t - -Xm-Ip- p. blvbm \_n (A) v ssii-h-øn Xs thz-{kÿw ssiimcyw snøm-\p ]cn-]-iz- X-bpw, Iev]-\bpw \ In-b-Xn-s\-Øp-S v A mlp At±-l-sØ- n FSp-Øp-]-d- n- p Nne {]txy-i-x-ifpw IqSn \mw {i n-t - -Xp v: (1) At±-l-Øn\v hn m\w \ In (2) A m-lp-hn- \n p {]txyi A\p-Iº e`n- p. At±lw P\-ß-tfmSv hfsc I\n-hpw, A\p-I-ºbpw D Bfm-bn-cp- p. (3) ]m]-ß-fn \n pw, am\y-a- mø Imcy-ß-fn \n pw At±-l-Øn\v ]cn-ip n \ In-bn-cp p. (4) At±lw ]m]w snøm Dt±-in- p-i-t]mepw snømsx, A m-lp-hns kie \nb-a-\n t±-i-ßfpw icn v A\p-k-cn- n-cp- p. (5) At±lw amxm- ]n-xm- ƒ v hfsc \ snøp Bfm-bn-cp- p. (6) Uw`v, Alw-`mhw, {Iqc-X, ImTn\yw BZn-bmb kz`m-h-tzm-j-ß-fn- mø kuay-io-e-\pw, A\p-k-c-W-io-e-\p-am-bn-cp- p. hn`mkw 2 16 (\-_n-tb) thz-{k-ÿ-øn a b-an-s\- p-dn pw {]kvxm-hn- pi: Ahƒ Xs kz - m-cn \n v, Ing- p-`m-k-øp Hcp ÿeøv hn p (am-dn) Xma-kn- t mƒ; 17 Aß-s\, Ahƒ Ahcn \n v (a-d-b-ø- ) Hcp ad kzoi-cn p: At mƒ, \mw Ah-fpsS ASp- te v \ΩpsS Bflm-hns\ [Pn_vco-ens\] Ab p; F n v, At±lw icn-bmb Hcp a\p-jy- \mbn Ahƒ v cq]-s - p. 16 {]kvxm-hn- p-i, ]d-bpi thz-{k-ÿ-øn (Izp -B-\n ) a b-an-s\- p-dn v Ahƒ hn p-amdn Xma-kn- -t mƒ, hn p-t]m-b-t mƒ Ah-fpsS kz - m-cn (Ip-Spw-_-Øn, Bƒ m-cn )\n v ÿeøv Ing- v -`m-k-øp 17 F n v Ahƒ kzoi-cn- p, G s - SpØn A-h-cn \n v Hcp ad At mƒ \mw Ab p Ah Hcp

12 fpss ASp- -te v \ΩpsS Bflm-hns\ F n v At±lw cq]-s - p, {]Xy- -s p Ahƒ v Hcp a\p-jy-\mbn icn-bmb (km-[m-c-w-t]mep- ) a bw (A) sndp w apx t ss_øp ap-iz-±-knse ]cn-nm-cn-i-bm-bn-cp- p. Ah Ing- p-`m-k-ømbn Hcn-SØv GIm- -hmkw kzoi-cn- -t m-gm-bn-cp p Pn_vco (A) {]Xy- -s - -Xv. ki-cnøm \_n (A)-bpsS `mcy K `w [cn- -Xns Bdmw amk-øn-em-wv CXv D m-b-sx- pw, a bw (A) A v kz]n-xm-hns cmpy-amb \k-tdøv (*) F Keoem (É««LhG ájô UÉædG) ] -W-Øn-em-bn-cp- p-sh- pw, eqt mkns kphn-tijw (1:26) ]d-bp- p.º YG q dg "\ΩpsS Bflmhv' (ÉnænMhoQ) F v ]d- Xv Pn_vco (A) F ae- ns\ Dt±in- m-ip- p. "dqlv' (Bflm-hv) F pw, "dqlp IzpZvkp' (]-cn-ip- m-flm-hv) F pw Pn_vco-ens\ pdn v Izp -B-\n ]d- n- p- v. Cu kw`hw D -cn- p-t -SØv "K{_ntb ' F v ss vfpw ]d- n- p- v. F m, X\n v {]Xy- -s - Xv ae- m-sw v Adn- n- n- m-xn-cp- Xv-sIm v a bw ]cn-{`-an p: 18 Ahƒ ]d p: "\o Hcp ` n-bp- -h-\m-sw- n, \n n \n v Rm ]c-a-im-cp-wn-i-\m-bp- -h-\n icww {]m]n- p- p.' 19 At±lw ]d p: "\n\ v ]cn-ip- -\mb Hcp B Ip- nsb (Ip-dn- p kphn-ti-jw) {]Zm\w snøp Xn\m-bn, \ns d ns ZqX am{x-amwv Rm.' 20 Ahƒ ]d p: "Fß-s\- bmwv F\n v Ip n-bp- m-ip- Xv? Hcp a\p-jy\pw Fs kv] in- n- p-an ; Rm Zp hr-ø-bm-bn-cp- -Xpan (F- n-cn-s )!?' 21 At±lw ]d p: "(Im-cyw) A{]-Imcw Xs ; \ns d v ]dbp p: "AXv F\n v Hcp \n m-c- Im-cy-amWv; Ahs\ a\p-jy v Hcp ZrjvSm- hpw, \ΩpsS (*) ]Sw 3 t\m pi 2867

13 ] \n- p Hcp Imcp-Wyhpw B p-hm th n-bp-am-ip- p. CXv Xocp-am-\n- -s Hcp Imcyhp-am-bn-cn- p- p.' 18 Ahƒ ]d p \n -b-ambpw Rm Rm icww {]m]n- p- p, A`bw txsp p dlvam-\n, ]c-a-im-cp-wn-i-\n \n n \n v \o BsW- n ` n-bp- -h 19 At±lw ]d p \n -b-ambpw Rm ZqX (am-{xw) BIp p \ns d ns Rm Zm\w snøm \n\ v Hcp B Ip- nsb ]cn-ip- -\mb 20 Ahƒ ]d p Fß-s\-bm-Wp- m-hpi F\n v Hcp B Ip n Fs kv] in- n- n-, sxm n- n- msx Hcp a\p-jy\pw Rm Bbn- p-an Hcp Zp hr-ø, txm ym-k- mcn 21 At±lw ]d p Aß-s\-Ø-s, A{]-Imcw Xs \ns d v ]d-bp p AXv F\n v \n mc Imcy-amWv Ahs\ \mw B p-hm-\pamwv Hcp ZrjvSm w P\-߃ v \ΩpsS ] \n- p Hcp Imcp-Wyhpw AXm-bn-cn- p p Imcyw Xocp-am\w snø-s A m-lp-hns ZrjvSm w ( ) Ahs ] \n- p ImcpWyw AYhm A\p-{Klw ( ) Cßs\ c v Imcy-ß-fmWv Cukm (A)-s\- n A mlp ]d- -Xv. Cu c v hm p-i-fn At±-l-sØ-bpw, At±-l-Øns {]ÿm-\-søbpw A mlp Npcp n Nn{Xo-I-cn- n-cn- p- Xv ImWmw. At±-l-Øns P\-\-hpw, At±l-Øns ssi v shfn-s kw`-h-ßfpw A m-lp-hns i n-am-lm-fly-ßsf {]Im-in- n- p ZrjvSm- -ß-f-s{X. At±-l-Øn\v e`n Znthym t_m-[-\-ß-fpw, At±lw kap-zm-b-øn\v snbvx D]-tZ-i-ß-fp-sa mw a\p-jy-k-ap-zm-b-øn\v Imcp- Wy-Øns bpw kvt\l-øn-s bpw ktµ-i-ß-fm-ip- p. At mƒ 21- mw hn-\- Øns BZy-`mKw ( ) At±-l-Øns Poh-N-cn{X kwt -]-am- Ip p Dƒs m p- Xv F v ]d-bmw. 22 Aß-s\, Ahƒ Ahs\ K `w [cn p; F n v Ahƒ AXpambn Hcp Zqc-s ÿeøv hn v (amdn) Xma-kn- p. 23 A\- -cw, {]k-h-th-z\ Ahsf CuØ- \ ac-øn-\-sp- te v sim p-h- p. 2868

14 Ahƒ ]d p: "lm! CXn-\p-ap- ºp-Xs Rm acn- p-i-bpw, Xosc hnkva-cn- -s - p-t]mb Hcm-fm-bn- Øo-cp-Ibpw snbvxn-cp-s - n F{X \ m-tbt\! 22 Aßs\ Ahƒ Ahs\ K `w [cn p F n- -hƒ hn pt]mbn AXp-ambn, AXp-sIm v Hcp ÿe-tø v Zqc-s 23 A\- cw Ahsf hcp-øn, sim p-h p {]k-h-th-z\ CuØ- -\-a-c-øn- -te v Ahƒ ]d p lm Rm Bsb- n \ mtbt\ Rm ac-w-s - p-t]mbn (F- n ) CXn-\v-apºv Rm Bbn-Øo-cp-Ibpw (sn-bvsx- n ) hnkva-cn- -s Hcp hkvxp Xosc ad- -s - p-t]mb (H-cmƒ), ]s ` Øm-hn- msx K `-h-xn-bmb kv{xo v P\-ß-fn \n v hn -I p t]mip-hm txm pi kzm`m-hn-i-am-w-t m. a bw (A) kzp-\-ßsf hn p blq-zym-bnse s_øve-tl-an-te v (*) t]mbn F mwv ss vƒ (eq-t mkv: 2 5) ]d-bp- - Xv. {]kh thz\ h -t mƒ, Nmcn-bn-cp p Biz-kn- p-hm-\mbn CuØ- -\-bpss ASp- sn v Xs \n -lm-b-x-bn Ah hyk-\n- p. "t\c-sø-øs Rm acn- p-t]m-ip-i-bpw, Fs Imcyw P\-ß-fn \n v Xosc hnkva-cn- -s - p-t]m-ip- Ibpw snbvxn-cp- p-sh- n, lm F{X \ m-tbt\!' F n-ßs\ hne-]n- p. "Xosc hnkva-cn- -s Hcmƒ' F Xv F hm ns Dt±-iym am-ip- p. "icm-icn' F pw "IrIrXyw' F pw \mw (a-e-bm-f- m ) ]d-bm-dp- - Xvt]m-se i n-iq n ]d-bp-tºmƒ Ad-_n-`m-j-bn D]-tbm-Kn- m-dp Hcp {]tbm- K-am-W-Xv. t\sc hm w "ad- -s - p-t]mb ad- Xv' F m-ip p. Aß-s\, a bw (A) Ahn-sS-sh v {]k-hn- p. 24 DS-s\, Ah AXns Nph- n \n v Ahsf hnfn- p-]- d p: "hyk-\n-t -, \ns c n-xmhv \ns Iogn Hcp alms\ B n-ø- n-cn- p-i-bmwv: 25 "\ns ASp- -te v (Imc howp-in- p-hm ) CuØ- \ Ipep- n-s m- p-i. AXv \n\ v ]pxnb CuØ- gw hogvøn-ø-cp- - Xm-Wv. (*) ]Sw 3 t\m pi 2869

15 26 "Aß-s\, \o Xn p-i-bpw, IpSn- p-ibpw, (k-t m-j-øm ) IÆv Ipfn p-ibpw snbvxpsim- p-i. C\n, \o a\p-jy-cn h -hscbpw ImWp-I-bm-sW- n, "]c-a- Im-cp-Wn-I\v [A m-lp-hn\v] {hxw A\p-jvTn- p-hm Rm t\ n-cn- p-i-bmwv; BI-bm, Rm C v Hcp a\p-jy-t\mspw kwkm-cn- p-ibn- -Xs ' F v \o ]d-t - p- I.' 24 At mƒ Ah Ahsf hnfn p (]-d- p) AXns Nph- n \n v, Ah-fpsS ASn-bn \n v \o hyk-\n-t F v B n-bn- p v \ns d v \ns Xmsg, \ns Iogn Hcp alms\, am\y-s\, Hcp Dd-hp-Nm 25 \o Ipep- p-ibpw snbvxp-sim- pi \ns ASp- -te v CuØ- -\-a-c-sø, Cu -Ø-Snsb AXv hogvøn-øcpw \n\ v CuØ- gw (]-gp-ø-xv) Imc ]pxnb, ]pxp-xmbn ]dn-s -SpØ 26 Aßs\ \o Xn pi \o IpSn- p- Ibpw snøpi \o Ipfn p-ibpw snøp-i, AS-ßp-Ibpw snøpi IÆv C\n \o ImWp- -] w a\p-jy-cn \n v Hcm-sf, Bscsb- nepw At mƒ \o ]d-bpi \n -b-ambpw Rm Rm t\ ncn- p- p, t\ -bm- n-bn-cn- p p ]c-a-im-cp-wn-i\v (dlvam\mb A m-lphn-\v) {hxw, t\mºv BI-bm Rm kwkm-cn- p-i-bn- -Xs C v Hcp a\p-jy-t\mspw {hxw (t\m-ºv) A\p-jvTn- p-tºmƒ kwkm-cn- msx au\w Ah-ew-_n- p k{º-zmbw blq-z-cpss CS-bn ]Xn-hp- m-bn-cp- p. a b-ans\ kw_- n- n-stømfw, P\-kw-kmcw C m-xm-bn- n- p-hm\pw Cu au\-{hxw klm-b-i-am-bn-cn- p-a-t m. CuØ- -\-bpss Nph- n \n v hnfn- p-]-d- Xv At mƒ P\n B inip AsX, Cukm (A) Xs Bbn-cp- p-sh- mwv Izp -B hymjym-xm- -fn Hcp hn`mkw ]d-bp- -Xv. Cukm \_n (A)sb kw_- n- n-s-tømfw AXn Akmw- K-Xy-sam- p-an-. hmn-i-øns LS-\bn \n v {]Xy- -Øn Aß-s\-Ø-s bmwv a\- n-em-ip- -Xpw. sxm n-en inip-hm-bn-s m- n-cn-s -Øs At±lw P\-ß-tfmSv kwkm-cn- p- -XmWv ( ) F v kqdx Bep-Cw-dm 46 A mlp {]kvxm-hn- n-cn- p- p. Xmsg 30- mw hn-\-øn, A{]-Imcw At±lw 2870

16 - kwkm-cn- -Xmbn ImWp-Ibpw snømw. a b-an\v a\- -am-[m-\-hpw, at\m-ss[-cy-hpw, D m- p-hm-\mbn A mlp Ip nsb kwkm-cn- n- -Xm-bn-cn- pw. as mcp hn`m-k- m ]d-bp- Xv: hnfn p ]d- Xv ae v Bbn-cp- p-sh- m-ip- p. GXm-bmepw 26- mw Bb-Øns Ah-km\w hsc-bp `mkw apgp-h\pw hnfn p ]d-b-s - -Xn Dƒs - Sp- p. (k-cn-ø ) F hm n-\mwv "Hcp alm ' F v A w ]d- -Xv. Xm {]k-hn Ip n-bpss `mhnsb kqnn- n- p-sim v a b-ans hyk\w C m-xm n km z-\-s -Sp-Øp-hm th- n-bm-ip- p "\ns Iogn Hcp alms\ B n-bn-cn- p p'sh v ]d- Xv. `mhn-bn Hcp henb alm-\m-ip-hm t]mip Ip n-bmwv \o {]k-hn- n-cn- p Cu Ip n; \n\ v X mew ChnsS Xn p-hm-\pw, IpSn- phm\pw hnj-a-an ; BI-bm Ip n-tbm-sviqsn a\- -am-[m-\-ønepw kt m-j-ønepw Ign- p-iq-sn-s m- pi F v kmcw. F hm n\v Dd-hp-Nm F pw A ap- v. Cu A -amwv Nne hymjym-xm- ƒ kzoi-cn- n- p- -Xv. At mƒ, "CXm \ns Xmsg-bp Dd-hp-Nm-en \n v \n\ v sh hpw D]-tbm-Kn mw' F v kmcam-ip- p. 27 A\- -cw, Ahs\ [Ip nsb] hln p [FSpØp] sim v Ahƒ Xs P\-ß-fpsS ASp- sn p. Ah ]d p: "tl, a bw! AXym- -cy-i-c-amb Hcp Imcyw \o snbvxn-cn- p p! 28 lmdqs ktlm-zco! \ns ]nxmhv Hcp NoØ a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp- n ; \ns amxmhv Hcp Zp hr- Øbpw Bbn-cp- n-. 29 At mƒ Ahƒ Ahs [Ip n-bpss] t\sc Nq n- m- n. Ah ]d p: "(ti-h-ew) Hcp inip-hm-bn-s m v sxm n-en D Hcp-h-t\mSv R߃ Fß-s\- bmwv kwkm-cn- pi?' 27 Aßs\ Ahƒ Ah-s\bpw sim vh- p, sn p Ah-fpsS P\-ß-fpsS ASp- Ahs\ hln p (F-Sp-Øp)-sIm v Ah ]d p 2871

17 tl a bw Xo -bmbpw \o snbvxp- h-cpøn Hcp Imcyw AXym- cyic-amb (B-t -]-I-c-am-b) 28 lmdqs ktlm-zco Bbn-cp- n \ns ]nxmhv Hcp Zpjn (No-Ø) a\p-jy Bbn-cp- -Xp-an \ns amxmhv Hcp Zp hr-ø, txm ym-k- mcn 29 At mƒ Ahƒ Nq n (BwKyw) Im n Ah-\n-te v Ah ]d p Fß-s\-bmWv R߃ kwkm-cn- pi Bbn- p- -h-t\msv sxm n-en inip, inip-hm-bn-s m v a b-ans IpSpw-_-Øn s] kzvhr-ø-\mb Hcm-fm-bn-cp lmdqs\ Dt±-in- p-sim- m-wv, P\-߃ "lmdqs ktlm-zcn' F v a b-ans\ kwt_m-[\ snøp- -Xv. ]q \_n-am-cp-ss-bpw, k -\-ß-fp-sSbpw t]cp-iƒ kzoi-cn- pi A v ]Xn-hp- m-bn-cp- p. Camw apkvenw, Xn azo (d) apx-em-b-h apkodx (` VQ áñ T øh IÒ e)bn \n v D -cn- p Hcp lzoyv Cu hkvxpx hy -am- n-bn- p- v. B \ a\p-jys Nm -bn Dƒs - -h-fpw, am\y-cmb amxm-]n-xm- fpss ai-fp-amb \o, CØcw A]cm-[-IrXyw snbvxp-i-f- p-ht m F v kmcw. 30 Ah [Ip n] ]d p: Rm A m-lp-hns ASn-bm-\m- Ip p: F\n v Ah thz-{kÿw X n-cn- p p: Fs {]hm-n-i-\m- p-ibpw snbvxn-cn- p p; 31 "Rm Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp- mepw Fs Ah A\p-Kr-lo- X-\m- n-bn-cn- p p; Rm Poht\msS Ccn- p Ime-sØ mw \akvim-chpw "kimøpw' A\p-jvTn- p-hm Ah Ft msv B m- ]n- p-ibpw snbvxn-cn- p p, 32 Fs amxm-hn\v \ snøp- -h\pw (B- n-bn-cn- p- p); Fs Ah Hcp \n `m-ky-hm-\mb {Iqc-\m- n-bn- p-an-. 33 "Rm P\n- -Zn-h-k-hpw, ac- W-s -Sp Znh-k-hpw, Rm Poht\msS Fgp-t ]n- -s -Sp Znhkhpw F\n v kam-[m\w [im n] D m-bn-cn- pw.' 2872

18 30 Ah ]d p \n -b-ambpw Rm A m-lp-hns ASnbm-\m-Ip p Ah F\n v \ In-bn-cn- p p thz-{kÿw Fs Ah B p-ibpw snbvxp {]hm-n-i, \_n 31 Fs Ah B p-ibpw snbvxp Rm FhnsS Bbn-cp- mepw A\p-{K-ln- -s - -h, A\p-Krlo-X Ft msv Ah B m-]n- p- Ibpw (h-kzn-øøv snøp-ibpw) snbvxp \a-kvim-c-øn pw kim- Øn-\pw, hnip- -[ a-øn pw Rm Bbn-cn- p-tºm-sg mw Poh-\p- h 32 \ snøp- -h-\pw, KpWw snøp -h\pw Fs amxm-hn v Fs Ah B n-bn- p-an {Iqc, ITn-\, Uw`p-Im-c \n `m-ky-hm-\mb 33 kam-[m-\w, im n, c Fs ta D v Rm P\n Znh-kw, {]k-hn- -s Znhkw Rm acn- p Znh-khpw Rm Fgp-t ]n- -s -Sp Znh-khpw Poh-\p- -h-\mbn inip-hm-bn-cp- -t mƒ Xs Cukm (A) {]hm-n-i-\m-hp-i-bp- m-bn- n-. "thz- {KŸw \ In' F pw, "{]hm-n-i-\m n' F pw ]d- n- p- -Xv, B c v Imcyhpw ASpØv kw`-hn- p-hm t]mip- -h-bm-sw v Xo -s - -Xm-I-sIm- m-ip- p. t{imxm- -fpss {i sb BI jn- p- -Xn-\pw, {]Xo- n- p-sim ncn- p-hm Ahsc t{]cn- n- p- -Xn-\p-am-bn, hcm-\n-cn- p CØcw kw`-h-ß-sf- p-dn v `qx- Im-e-cq-]-Øn kwkm-cn- pi ]Xn-hm-Ip- p. A mlp ]d-bp p: 34 AXm-Wv, "a b-ans ai Cukm [tbip]. (*) (F- p-sh- m ;) bmsxm- n Ah X am-bn-s m- n-cp- pthm B (hn-jb-øn-ep- ) kxy-h-n\w! 35 Hcp k m-\sø kzoi-cn- pi F Xv A mlphn\v D m- Im-h-X- -X-s Ah-s\{X ]cn-ip-! Ah Hcp Imcyw Xocp-am-\n- p- -Xm-bm, "D m-hpi' F vam{xw AXn-t\mSv Ah ]d-bp p; At m-gxv D m-ip- -Xm-Ip- p. ƒ ùj í«ùÿg (*) "tbip' ( ƒ ùj Jesus) F pw, "aiolm' (í«ùÿg Messiah) F pw "{InkvXp' (Christ) F pw "tbip-{inkvxp' F p-sa mw ]d-b-s -Sp- Xv Cukm (A)-s\- p-dn- p-x-s -bm-ip- p. 2873

19 36 (Cukm{]-Jym-]n p:) "\n - b-am-bpw, A mlp Fs -bpw, \nßfpssbpw c n-xm-hm-ip- p. BI-bm, \n߃ Ahs\ (am- {Xw) Bcm-[n- p-hn ; CXs{X snm m-b-am Kw.' 34 AXv, AXmWv a b-ans ai Cukm kxy-h- N-\w, bym hm v bmsxmcp (h-n-\w) AXn Ah X n- p- p, kwi-bn- p p 35 D mimh-x-, ]msp- -X A m-lp-hn\v Ah kzoi-cn-, kzoi-cn- p-i-sb- Xv Hcp k m-\hpw Ah F{X ]cn-ip- Ah Xocp-am-\n- m Hcp Imcyw -F- m-eh ]d-bpi am{xw snøpw AXn-t\m-Sv, AXn-s\- p-dn v D m-ipi F v (am- {Xw) At mƒ AXv D mipw 36 \n -b-ambpw A mlp -Fs c n-xm-hm-ip p \nß-fpss c n-xmhpw AXp-sIm v \n߃ Ahs\ Bcm-[n- p-hn CXv, CXmWv am K-am-Wv, am Kw snm mb 33- mw hn\w htc pw Cukm \_n (A)bpsS D -h-sø-bpw, D t_m-[-\- søbpw kw_- n- p hnh-c-am-bn-cp- p. 34- mw hn-\w, Cu hnj-b-øn-ep bym w C{X-am-{X-am-sW pw {]Jym-]n p. At mƒ At±lw sszh-]p-{x-\msw {InkvXo-b-hm-Z-hpw, hy`n-nm-c-]p-{x-\m-sw blq-z-hm-zhpw X\n A m- \-hpw, -Zp am K-hp-am-sW Hcp kqn-\bpw AXn AS-ßn-bn-cn- p- p. 35- mw hn- \-Øn, Cukm \_n (A)-bm-I-s, a m-sc- n-ep-am-is, A m-lp-hns k m-\-amsw vhcp-hm bmsxmcp km[y-x-bp-an-s v ÿm]n- n-cn- p- p. Cukm \_n (A)-bpsS {]kvxm-h-\-bn s] -XmWv 36- mw hn-\w. CS-bv p-sh v 34 Dw 35 Dw hn-\-ß-fn A mlphns hm p-i-fm-wp- -Xv. Cukm (A) sszh-]p-{x-\m-sw kn m- w, sk v-t]mƒ (]u-tem-kv) {]Ncn- n- -Xm-Ip- p. BZ-ans k m-\-amb a\p-jy P a\m ]m]nbmsw ASnÿm-\-Øn ta-emwv Cu hmzw ÿm]n- -s -Sp- X.v B ]m]-øn \n v a\pjy\v ap n e`n- p-hm Hcp ]cn-lmcw A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-cp- p-sh- pw, AXn-\mbn sszh-im-cpwyw "sszh-]p{x' cq]-øn Ah-X-cn p Bflm Ww snbvxp-sh pw, {]kvxpx c w aptj\ a\p-jy-]m-]sø Igp-In- -f-bp-i-am-{x-am-bn-cp p AXn\v ]cn-lm-c-sa pw BWv, Npcp- -Øn B kn m- -Øns kmcw. _nw_m-cm-[-\-bpss Hcp ]I mb Cu kn m- sø Izp -B i n-bmbn FXn p- p. A m-lp-hns A\m-{i-b-Xz-hpw, km -{Xn-I-amb Ign-hpw, krjvsn- Kp-W-ß-fn \n-s - m-ap ]cn-ip- nbpw AXv (Izp -B ) ÿm]n- p-ibpw snøp- p. a\p-jy-cpss ]m]-]-cn-lm-c-øn\v Hcp a\p-jys\ ai-\mbn kzoi-cn p Ipcnin Ib- p-i-b- msx thsd am K-an-s v hc-ø- -hæw A{Xbpw _e-lo-\-\- 2874

20 , A m-lp. A\ym-{ibw Bh-iy-ap- -h v-am{xw tbmpn- -Xs{X AXv. ]nxm-hn- msx P\n- p-sh- -Xp-sIm v Cukm (A) a\p-jy-\pw, A m-lp-hns ASn-abpw A m-xm-ip- n-. GsXmcp Imcy-am-I-s, D m-i-w-sa v A mlp Dt±-in- p-i-am- {Xta th q AXv D m-bn-s m- p- -Xm-Wv. Cu hkvxpx {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ pw Adn-bm-hp- -X-s{X. ]ns F mwo hmz-øn\v Hcp A -ap- Xv?! Cukm \_n (A)-bp-sS-Xn-s\- mƒ A p-x-i-c-amwv BZw \_n (A)-bpsS D -hw. At±-l-Øn\v ]nxm-hp-an-, amxm-hp-an-. F n- pw, At±lw a\p-jy-\pw, A m-lp-hns ASn-abpw A m-xm-ip- n- -t m. A mlp ]d-bp p: A m-lp-hns ASp- Cukm \_n-bpss \ne, BZ-ans \ne-t]m-se-øs : Ah At±lsØ aæn \n v krjvsn p; ]n osv AXn-t\mSv "D m-hpi' F v ]d- p. At m-gxm (A-Xv) D m-ip p!' o nd n Énb qºk mügôoj røpe o n n nn nωnobg pπnãnªnc p dg noræpy n ù«py nπnãne q EG 59 : GôªY BG - ƒoµn«na røoc Cukm \_n (A)-bpsS P\-\-I-Ym-hn-h-c-W-Øn \n v a\- n-em- m-hp Nne kwk-xn-iƒ: (1) Cu temiøv \S- n-ep- -Xmbn ImW-s -Sp Imcy-Im-c-W-_- -߃ kpÿn-chpw AJ-WvU-hp-a-. {]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-sa v \mw hnnm-cn- pw, ]d pw hcp Xv hmkvx-h-øn, km[m-c-w-ambn Nne ]Xn-hp-I-fn \n pw, \ΩpsS ]cn- N-b-Øn \n pw Adn-b-s -Sp \nk-a-\-߃ m-ip- p. {]Ir-Xn-bpsS {kjvsmhpw, \nb- m-hp-amb A m-lp-hns ASp-, B {]IrXn as mcp {]Ir-Xn v hnt[-b-am-bn-cn- mw. AXv krjvsn-iƒ v {Kln- pi km y-hpa. Cukm \_n (A)-bpsS P\-\-kw-`hw Cu bmym yw XnI pw hy -am- p- p. (2) Hcp Imcy-Øns kxym-hÿ P\-ßsf ]d p a\- n-em- p-hm-t\m, t_m[y-s -Sp-Øp-hmt\m {]bm-k-am-bn-h-cn-i-bpw, ]d-bp- Xv Ah hne-sh- m-xncn- p-ibpw snøp-tºmƒ, AhnsS au\w Ah-ew-_n- p- Xv \ -Xm-Ip- p. (3) \a-kvim-c-hpw, kimøpw Cu kap-zm-b-øn-se- -t]m-se, ap kap-zm-b-ßfnepw I n- -s - n-cp c v {][m\ ]pwy-i a-ß-fm-ip- p. Ah-bpsS hni-zo- I-c-W-ß-fn-tem, A\p-jvTm\ k{º-zm-b-ß-fntem hyxym-k-ap- m-sb v hcmw. (4) Hcmƒ \njvi-f- -\pw, kxy-hm\pw BIp- -] w P\-ß-sf mw Ahs\ Dt]- n- mepw Hcp {]txyi kwc- -W-Øn-embn A mlp Ahs\ klm-bn- p- -Xm-Wv. 37 F n- v, Ah-cpsS CS-bn \n v I n-iƒ `n n p! AXn- \m, hºn Hcp Znh-ksØ ImgvN [A\p-`hw] \nanøw (B) Ahn-iz-kn- -h v \miw! 2875

21 38 \ΩpsS ASp- Ah hcp Znh-kw, Ah v Fs mcp tiƒhn-bpw, ImgvN-bpam-bn-cn pw! ]t, C m-i-s, (B) A{I-an-Iƒ hy -amb Zp am K-Øn-em-Ip- p. 39 (\-_n-tb) s\spw-tj-z- Øns Znh-k-sØ Imcyw Xocp-am- \n- -s -Sp kµ `-sø kw_- n v Ah v ap -dn-bn v \ Ip- I. Ah-cm-I-s, A{i- -bn-emwv; Ah hniz-kn- p- p-an-. 40 \n -b-am-bpw, `qan-sb-bpw, AXn-ep- -h-scbpw A\- -cm-himisasp p- Xv \mamwv; \ΩpsS ASp- -te- vxs Ah as- -s - Sp-Ibpw snøpw. 37 F n v `n n- p, A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-Øn-embn I n- Iƒ Ah-cpsS CS-bn \n v AXn-\m \miw Ahn-izkn- -h v (A-\p-`-h-s -Sp- ) ImgvN-bm Hcp Znh-ksØ hºn- -Xmb 38 A-h v Fs mcp tiƒhn-bmwv (h- m-sømcp tiƒhn) Fs mcp ImgvN-bmWv (h- mø ImgvN) Ah \ΩpsS ASp- hcp Znhkw ]t, F nepw A{I-an-Iƒ C v Zp am K-Øn-em-Ip p hy -am-b, kv]jvs-amb 39 Ah v \o ap -dn-bn v (Xm- o-xv) \ IpI s\spw-tj-z-øns Znhkw Xocpam-\n- -s -Sp-tºmƒ Imcyw Ah-cm-I-s, Ah A{i- -bn-em-wv, t_m[-an- m-bva-bn-emwv Ah, Ah-cm-Is Ah hniz-kn- p- p-an 40 \n -b-ambpw \mamwv, \mw Xs \mw A\- -cm-h-im-i-sa-sp- p p `qansb AXn-\p-ao-sX-bp- -h-scbpw \ΩpsS ASp- te v Xs Ah as- -s -Sp p Cukm \_n (A)-bpsS Imew apx v-xs Ckvdm-Cuey c v hn`m-k- mcmbn: At±-l-Øn hniz-kn- -h-cpw, At±-lsØ \ntj-[n- -h-cpw. AXm-bXv: PqXcpw, {InkvXym-\n-I-fpw. ]n osv {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ n-s-bn ]nf p- m-bn. BZyw 2876

22 Ah aq v I n-i-fm-bn-øo p. Hmtcm- n\pw sht sd t\xm- -fpw, A`n-{]mb-ß-fp-amWv D m-bn-cp- -Xv. 1. tbip sszhwxs -bm-bn-cp- p, At±lw h p `qanbn Pohn- p- hm\temi-tø v as-ßn-t m-b-xmwv F v hmzn- p "bmt m-_nb ' hn`mkw. (á«ñ «dg Jacobites) 2. tbip sszh-]p-{x-\m-wv, Ipd v Ime-tØ v sszhw ]p{xs\ Ctßm- -b- p. ]n osv as- n-hn-fn- -XmWv F v ]d-bp "\kvxzqcn-b ' hn`mkw (ájqƒ ùædg Nestoriens) 3. At±lw sszh-øns krjvsn-bmb ASnbm-\m-bn-cp p F v hniz-kn- p "JpkvXz Xzo ' (Ú æ ùb) cmpm-hns I n (á«féµ ŸG Melchits) ]n osv Ch-cn ]e Ahm- c hn`m-k-ßfpw D m-bn. Hmtcm I n pw {]txy- I-amb ]e hnizm-km-nm-c-ßfpw D m-bn- p- v. ]nxmhv, ]p{x-, amxmhpw (ssz-hhpw, tbip-hpw, adn-b-bpw) Cßs\ aq v sszh-ß-fm-sw- pw, ]nxm-hpw, ]cn-ip- m-flmhv F o "{Xn`q-X-߃' (áã ãdg º«fÉb G) tn "{Xntb-I- -i- n-'bmwv sszhsa pw a p-ap kn m- -߃ ]n osv DS-se-Sp-Ø-Xm-Ip- p. (*) Cu HSp-hn ]d {Xntb-IXz kn m- -amwv C v ss{ikvx-h-temiw s]mxp-hn AwKoI-cn- p-h-cp- -Xv. ]nxm-hv, As - n ]p{x-\m-ip sszhw Cßs\ c v A`n-{]m-b-ap- v a b-an Ah-X-cn p ]cn-ip- m-flm-thmsv tn p a\p-jy-cq-]-sa-spøp tbip-hmbn P\n- -Xm-sW pw a p-am-w-h ]d- p-h-cp- -Xv. CsXm- pw-x-s, Cukm {]hm- N-I (A) Adn- -txm, ]d- -txm, ]Tn- n- txm A F p- -Xn H pw kwib-an-. ]t, H n-e-[niw sszh-ß-fn-epw, sszhm-h-xm-c-ß-fn-epw, ]m]-]-cn-lm-cm- Zn-I-fnepw hniz-kn- p-h- n-cp hn{k-lm-cm-[-i am n-s-bn ss{ikvx-h-a-x-{]-nc-wm w ]n osv {InkvXob k`-i-fpw, ]ptcm-ln-x amcpw si n-bp- m- n-b- Xm-Ip- p. Aßs\ hn{k-lm-cm-[-i am pw X߃ p-an-s-bn thkw tbmpn- mhp Hcp ]pø axw Ah krjvsn- p- m- n. AXns XmXzn-I-hiw hnh-cn- p tiƒ p-tºmƒ, H v aq m-bpw, aq v H mbpw ]nxmhv ]p{x-\m-bpw, ]p{x ]nxmhm-bpw, sszhw ai-\m-bpw, ai sszh-am-bpw Aßs\ sshcp- y-øn-\p-ta sshcp- yw ImW-s -Sp Hcp kn m- -as{x C v ss{ikvxh kn m- w. ta ]d F m hmz-ß-sfbpw Izp -B ]mss \ntj-[n- p- p. A mlp ]d-bp p: 171 :AÉ ùædg - rºoµnd GÒnN Gƒ àrfg lákónk Gƒdƒo nj h (1) 72 :I~FÉŸG -nºnjrône oørhg oí«p ùnªrdg nƒog n q dg q EG GƒodÉb nøjpòsdg nônønc r~n nd (2) 73 :I~FyÉŸG - mánknónk oåpdnék n q dg s EG GƒodÉb nøjpòqdg nônønc r~n nd (3) kmcw: (1) "\n߃ aq v sszh-ß-sf v ]d-b-cpxv; \n߃ hnc-an- p-sim- pi; AXv \n߃ v KpW-I-c-am-bn-cn- pw.' (2) "A mlp Xs -bmwv a b-ans ai akolv F v ]d-bp- -h Xo -bmbpw Ahn-iz-kn- n-cn- p- p.' (3) "A mlp aq n (*) {Xntb-IXz kn m w apx-em-b-h-sb- n IqSp-X hnhcw amczx \nkm- Dv F o kqd-øp-i-fn ImWmw. 2877

23 aq m-a-\m-sw v ]d-bp- -h \n -b-ambpw Ahn-iz-kn- n-cn- p- p.' Cukm \_n (A)-bpsS Imcy-Øn PqX-cpsS hmzw AtßA w \nir-jvshpw \nµy-hp-am-ip- p. F m {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS hmz-am-i-s, Ctß-A w AXn-cp-Ihn- -Xp-am-Ip- p. {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ At±-lsØ a\p-jy-xz-øn \n v Znhy-Xz- Øn-te v Db Øp-tºmƒ, PqX am At±-lsØ hy`n-nm-c-]p-{x-\m-bpw, B`n- Nm-cn-bmbpw Xcw XmgvØp- p. AXp-sIm- -s{x, PqX amcpw {InkvXym-\n-I-fp-am- Ip thz- m-tcm-smbn A mlp Cßs\ ]d-bp- Xv: I~FÉŸG kmcw: "tl, thz- mtc! \nß-fpss ax-hn-j-b-øn kxy-a- m-ø-hn[w \n߃ AXncp Ihn- p-t]m-i-cp-xv. apºv hgn-]n-g- p-i-bpw, hfsc Bfp-Isf hgn-]n-g- n- p-i-bpw, t\ am K-Øn \n v hyxn-n-en- p-ibpw snbvxn- p Hcp P\-XbpsS X n-jvs-ßsf ]n ] pibpw snø-cp-xv.' (am-czx 77) AÉ ùædg ïdg "tl, thz- mtc! \n߃ \nß-fpss ax-hn-j-b-øn AXn-cp-I-hn-b-cp-Xv. \n߃ A m-lp-hns t]cn kxy-a- m-øxv ]d-bp-ibpw snø-cp-xv. \n -b-am-bpw, a bans ai Cukm F akolv A m-lp-hns dkqepw (Zq-X-\pw) Ahs hn-\- hpw AXv Ah a b-an-te v FØn- -Xm-Wv Ahs ] \n p Hcp Bflmhpw am{x-am-ip- p. BI-bm \n߃ A m-lp-hnepw Ahs ZqX am-cnepw hniz-kn- p-hn '. (\n-km-dv 171) ]c-º-cm-k-x-ambn kn n B hnizmkw {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS lrz-b-ß-fn ASnbp-d- p-t]mbn kxyw tiƒ p-hm-\p ImXpw, ImWp-hm-\p IÆpw Ah v \jvs-s - n-cn- p-i-bm-wv. F m Hcp Znhkw hcp-hm-\p- v. A v Ah-cpsS _[nc-x-bpw, A -X-bp-sa mw \oßn-t m-ip- -Xm-Ip- p. ]t, ^e-ap- m-ip-i-bn-. XocmØ s\spw-tj-z-hpw, AXn-I-Tn-\-amb in -bp-am-w-hnss Ah v A\p-`-h-s - Sp-I. Cu `qan-bn Bcpw ÿnc-ambn Pohn- p- -X-. F mw A m-lp-hn\v Hgn- p-sim-sp-øp-sim v Ahs ASp- - snt - n-h-cpw. AXn-\m, c - p am Kw Ct mƒ Xs At\z-jn-t - -Xm-Ip- p. F n-ß-s\-bp Hcp Xm o- XmWv 39 -Dw, 40 Dw hn-\-ß-fn AS-ßn-bn- p- -Xv. Camw _pjmco (d) Camw apkvenw (d) F n-hcpw a pw \nth-z\w snøp Hcp \_n-h-n-\-øns Npcp w C{]-Im-c-am-Ip p: "kz K- m-cmb k -\-߃ kz K- Ønepw, \c-i- m-cmb Zp -\-߃ \c-i-ønepw {]th-in p Ign- -ti-jw, Ccp- Iq- -scbpw hnfn p Ah-cpsS apºmsi ac-wsø Hcp sim -\m-smbn cq]m cs - SpØn AXns\ Adp-Øp-I-f-bp- -Xm-Ip- p. ]n osv Ccp-Iq- -tcmspw C{]-Imcw ]db-s Spw: "tl, kz K- mtc! imiz-x-po-hnxw! F\n ac-w-an-. tl, \c-i- mtc! imiz-x-po-hnxw! F\n ac-w-an-.' XpS p-sim v Xncp-ta\n: "s\spw-tj-z-øns 2878

24 Znh-ksØ kw_- n v Ah v ap -dn-bn v \ IpI' ( ) F 39- mw hn\w HmXp-Ibpw snbvxp' Cu lzo-yn \n v "s\spw-tj-z-øns Znhkw' ac-wm-\- -c-ap- -Xm-sW v hcp- p. an ap^- n-dp-ifpw (Izp -B hymjym-xm- -fpw) Aß-s\-bmWv A`n-{]m-b-s - n- p- -Xpw. Cu Znh-k-sØ- p-dn v Xmsg ]dbp as mcp A`n-{]m-bw-Iq-Sn-bp- v. lzo-yn CXn-s\- n JWvUn-X-ambn {]kvxmhn- n- n- m-ø-xp-sim pw, Bb-Øns D -S- -tømsv tbmpn p ImWm-hp- - XvsIm pw B A`n-{]m-bhpw ChnsS Nq n- m- p- Xv \ m-bn-cn- pw.: 37 mw Bb-Øn ( hºn Hcp Znh-kw) F pw 38 mw hn-\-øn (\-ΩpsS ASp- hcp Znh-kw) F pw {]kvxm-hn- Xv ac-wm-\- -c- Po-hn-X-sØ- p-dn- m-sw v kv]jvs-am-ip- p. ]n osv AXn-\v-tijw "s\spw-tj-z- Øns Znh-k-sØ- p-dn v Ah v ap -dn-bn v \ IpI' F v 39 mw hn-\-øn {]txyiw H v FSpØv ]d- n-cn-s, AXv as mcp Znh-k-sØ- p-dn- m-bn-cn- psa v Icp-Xm-a-t m. ss{ikvxh temi-øn-\m-i-am\w _m[n- p Hcp alm-hn-]- Øm-bn-cn- Ww AXv. hmkvx-h-øn Aßs\ Hcp hn]øv Ah v kw`-hn- n- pap- v. kqd-øp-a bw Ah-X-cn p 25 sim w Ign- n- At m-tg pw Ah v AXv hs -Øn. {InkvXob Xe-ÿm-\-hpw, {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS ]pwy-tk-l-hpw, Ah-cpsS ti{µhpambn ]cn-e-kn- n-cp Pcq-itew (ss_-øp apiz-±-kv]- -Ww) AXm s] - v Ah-cpsS Iøn \n v Hcp ]pxnb P\-X-bp-sS apkvenw-i-fp-ss Iøn-te v \oßn-sb hm Ø {InkvXo-b-tem-IsØ BI-am\w kvxw`n- n p-i-f- p. {]kn Ncn-{X-Im-c-\mb Kn (Gibbon) ]d-bp-i-bmwv: Cu hm Ø ti -t mƒ, Hc- cw an p-hm km[n- mø Hc-h-ÿ-bmWv ss{ikvx-h-tem-isø BI-am\w Bh-cWw snbvx-xv. ImcWw; X߃ v t\cn G hpw hºn Cu A]-am\w XSbp-hm, axm- y- -ÿm-\-øp-\n v {]Xo- n- -s - n-cp h Aam-\p-jn-I-i- n-t m, As - n ss_k- o (*) km{am-py-øns hºn ssk\y-i- nt m km[y-am-bn-. ss_øp ap-iz-±-kns am{xw ]X-\-am-bn-cp- n AXv. Gjy-bn-sebpw, B{^n- -bn-sebpw apgp-h ss{ikvx-h-cp-ssbpw ]X\w Ipdn- p kw`-h-ambn-cp p AXv. kncnbmbpss ]Ip-Xn-`mKw hn p-sim-sp-øn-s - nepw apkvenw-i-fp-ambn kjy-øn G s -Sm-Ø-]- w, kncnb apgp-h\pw, tdmam ]Ip-Xnbpw \ap v \jvs-s -ts- n-hcp-sa v ln -en-bqkv (**) N{I-h Øn ]d- p-t\m- n-sb- n-epw, {InkvXo-b-]ptcm-ln-X am hnk-ω-xn- p-i-bm-wp- m-b-xv. HSp w kw`-hn- Xv At±lw ]d- -Xp-t]m-se-Ø-s -bm-bn-cp- p. A_q-_-Iv (d) kncn-bm-bn-te v ssk\ysø Ab- p. Da (d) B IrXyw ]q Øn-bm- p-ibpw snbvxp. FÆw-sIm- pw, k mlw-sim pw Bbn-c- -W- n\v X߃ v h -\-hp- m-bn-cp- n pw B tjz-øns Znhkw A\p-`-hn- p- -Xn \n v Ah v Hgnhv In n-bn ; kncn-bm-bn \n v A ybm{x ]pd-s - p-t]m-ip-tºmƒ e_v\m-\nse D X tkm]p-c-ß-sf-t\m- n I -ens (*) ss_k- o (» fõ«h Byzantine)= tdmam-km-{am-pyw. (**) tdma ssik-dmb πbôg (Hercules). 2879

25 api-fn \n p-sim- v KZvK-Z-kz-c-Øn ln -en-bqkv B cmpy-tømsv A ybm{x ]d- Xv C pw Ncn-{X-Øns Xmfp-I-fn-epw, Ncn-{X-Im-c am-cpss \mhp-ifnepw Bh Øn- -s - p-sim- n-cn- p- p. At±lw ]d p "{]nb-s kncnbm! hns-x- mepw! \n\ v kemw! C\n-ta \mw XΩn ImWp-I-bn! kemw!' ss{ikvx-h-tem-isø kw_- n- n-s-tømfw CXv icn-bmb A -Øn-ep Hcp s\spw-tj-z-øns Znh-kw-X-s -bm-bn-cp- nt? Nn n- p-t\m- pi! 40- mw hn-\- Ønse D -S w Cu hymjym-\-tømsv tbmpn- p- Xv ImWmw. º YG q dgh ASpØ Bb-Øp-ap-X C_vdmlow \_n (A)-bpsS IY Bcw-`n- p p: hn`mkw 3 41 thz-{k-ÿ-øn C_vdm-loan-s\- p-dn pw {]kvxm-hn- pi: \n -b-ambpw At±lw ]c-a- k-xyhm-\pw, {]hm-n-i-\p-am-bn-cp- p. 42 At±lw Xs ]nxm-hnt\msv ]d kµ `w (Hm pi:) "Fs ]nxmth! F n-\m-bn- m-wv, tiƒ p-i-bm-i-s, ImWp-I-bm-Is, Hcp Imcy-Øn\pw \n߃ v D]-I-cn- p-i-bm-is snøm-ø- Xns\ [_nw_sø] \n߃ Bcm- [n- p- Xv?! 43 "Fs ]nxmth! \n߃ v kn n- n- n- mø Nne Adnhv F\n v e`n- n- p v; BI-bm, \n߃ Fs ]n Xp-S-cp-I, Rm \n߃ v icn-bmb am Kw ImWn p X p-sim- mw. 44 Fs ]nxmth! \n߃ ]nim-nns\ Bcm-[n- -cpxv: \n -bambpw ]nimnv ]c-a-im-cp-wn-i-t\msv [A m-lp-hn-t\msv] A\p-k-c-W-an- m- Ø-h-\m-Ip- p. 45 Fs ]nxmth! ]c-a-im-cp- Wn-I-\n \n- p in \nßsf _m[n- p- -Xns\ \n -b-ambpw Rm `b-s -Sp p; At mƒ, 2880

26 \n߃ ]nim-nn\v Hcp _ p-hm-bn- Øo-cp- -Xm-Wv.' 41 {]kvxm-hn- p-i, ]d-bpi thz-{k-ÿ-øn C_vdm-lo-an-s\- p-dn- v, C_vdm-lo-ans\ \n -b-ambpw At±lw Bbn-cp p ]c-a-k-xy-hm, kxy-k- {]hm-n-i 42 At±lw ]d- t mƒ Xs ]nxm-hn-t\msv Fs ]nxmth F n-\mwv \n߃ Bcm-[n- p- -Xv, C_m-ZØv snøp- Xv tiƒ m-ø-xns\ ImWp- I-bp-an- mø D]-I-cn- p-i-bp-an- mø Xm ƒ v Hcp Imcy-Øn- \pw, H pw Xs 43 Fs ]nxmth \n -b-ambpw Rm F\n v h n- p v, e`n- n- p v A-dn-hn \n v (Nn-e-Xv) \n߃ v kn n- m-ø, hs -Øm-ØXv AXp-sIm v Fs ]n Xp-S-cpI Rm \n߃ v Im n-øcmw, am K-Z i\w \ Imw am Kw, am K-Øn-te v, am K- Øn icn-bm-b, t\cmb 44 Fs ]nxmth \n߃ Bcm-[n- -cp-xv, C_m-ZØv snø-cpxv ]nim-nn\v \n -b-ambpw ]nimnv BIp- p, Bbn-cn- p p ]c-a-im-cp-wn-i-\v, dlvam\m-bp- -h\v A\p-k-c-W-an- m-ø-h, FXncv \S- p- -h, A\p-k-cWw si -h 45 Fs ]nxmth \n -b-ambpw Rm `b-s -Sp p \nßsf kv] in pw (_m-[n- pw) F v h in bpw ]c-a-im-cp-wn-i- \n \n v At mƒ \nß-fm-bn-øocpw ]nim-nn\v _ p _nw_m-cm-[-\-bn apf- p-h-f Hcm-fm-bn-cp- p, C_vdmlow \_n (A)bpsS ]nxm-hmb Bk (rqnrbg). ]nxr-_-lp-am-\-hpw, hm k-eyhpw k {X {]I-S-am- ns m v C_vdmlow (A) ]nxm-hns\ D]-tZ-in- p- p. hn{k-lm-cm-[-\-bpss \nc - X-bpw, AXn-s `hn-jyøpw ]nxmhv ]ng- p-t]m-ip- -Xn-ep Xmßm-\m-hmØ hyk- \hpw B hmn-i-ß-fn \mw ImWp- p. "Fs ]nxm-th, Fs ]nxmth' F mh Øn p hnfn- p-sim v hfsc BZ-c-thm-sS-bmWv At±lw ]nxm-hns\ D]-tZ-in- p- -Xv. ]nxm-hm-i-s, ]nim-nns t{]c-w-iƒ pw A`o-jvS-߃ pw XnI pw ASn-a-s - n-cn- p-i-bmwv. AXvsIm mwv \n߃ ]nim-nns\ Bcm-[n- -cpxv' F v At±lw ]d-bp- -Xpw. ]p{xs D]-tZiw ]nxmhv hne-sh- p- n-s v am{x-a-, ]p{x-t\msv Ib p-i-iqsn snøp p: 46 Abmƒ ]d p: "Fs Cem-lp-Isf [Bcm-[y amsc] ths - v-sh- p- -h-\mtwm \o C-_vdm-lota!? \o (C-Xn \n- v) hnc-an- p- n-s - n, \n -b-ambpw Rm \ns Fdn- m- p-i-xs 2881

27 snøpw; kpc- n-x-\mbn \o Fs hnt v t]mbn-s m- pi!' 46 At±lw ]d p Xm ]-cy-an- m-ø-h-\m-twm, B{K-ln- p- h-\mtwm \o Fs Cem-lp-Isf hn p (I-f-bp-hm ) C_vdmlota \o hnc-an- p- n-s - n \n -b-ambpw Rm \ns Fdn- m pw \o Fs hnt p (D-t]- n- p) t]miww kpc- n-x-\mb \ne-bn, Iptd-Imew CXm-bn-cp p ]nxm-hns adp-]-sn. D]-tZiw kzoi-cn- p- -Xv-t]m-I-s, AXn-s\- n bmsxm pw Nn n- p-hm t]mepw ]nxmhv Xøm-dn-. am{x-a-, ai\v I\Ø Hcp Xm oxpw! XuloZn (G-I-ssZh hnizm-k-øn ) \n v hnc-an pin ns (_-lp-sszh hnizm-k-øn-s ) am Kw kzoi-cn- m-ø-] w \ns Rm Fdn- m- pw, X mew \n\ v c thw-sa- n \o Fs hnt - p-t]m-bn-s m- p-i. CXm-bn-cp p Xm o-xv.év«p ne(a-en-ø ) F hm n\v Iptd Ime-tØ v F pw A w hcmw. c m-bmepw Dt±iyw hy -am-wv. C_vdmlow (A) ]nxm-hn\v \ Ip {]Xyp-Øcw C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cp p: 47 At±lw ]d p: "\n߃ v kemw'! \n߃ pth n Rm Fs d n-t\msv ]m]-tam-n-\-øn-\ n p sim mw; \n -b-am-bpw, Ah Ft msv hfsc I\n-hp- -h-\m-ip- p'. 48 "\nß-sf-bpw, A m-lp-hn\v ]pdsa \n߃ hnfn( p {]m n)- p-h-cp- -Xn-s\bpw Rm hns mgn p t]mi-bmwv; Rm Fs d n-s\-hn-fn( p {]m n) p sim n-cn- bpw snøpw. Fs d ns\ hnfn- p- -Xn Rm Zu `m-ky-hm-\m-im-xn-cp-t - mw. 47 At±lw ]d p kemw, kam-[m\w \n߃ v Rm ]m]-tam-n\w txsmw \n߃ v (th- n) Fs d n-t\msv \n - b-ambpw Ah BIp p Fs - - n, F n hfsc I\n-hp- -h 48 Rm \nßsf hns m-gn- p-t]m-ip p \n߃ hnfn- 2882

28 p- -Xn-s\-bpw, {]m n- p- -Xn-s\bpw Rm hnfn- p-ibpw ({]m n- p-i-bpw) snøpw A m-lp-hn\v ]pdsa Fs c n-xm-hns\ Btb mw Rm BIm-Xn-cn- p-hm hnfn- p- Xv (-{]m n- p- - Xv) sim v Fs d ns\ Zp `m-ky-hm, ]cm-pn-x ]p{x-hm keyw t]mepw {]I-S-am- mø adp-]-sn-bm-bn-cp p ]nxmhv \ In-bsX v ]d-tb- -Xn-. Aß-s\, C_vdmlow (A) ]nxm-hn-t\msv kemw snm n- n-cn- p. At mgpw ]nxm-hns Imcy-Øn At±lw \ncm-i-s - n-cp- n-. Rm \n߃ v ]m]-tam-n\w txsn-s m- m-sa v ]d- -p-sim- mwv At±lw hns-hmßp- -Xv. At±lw AXv snbvibpw snbvxp. ]t, ]nxmhv A m-lp-hns i{xphpw ]nim-nns _ phpw Xs -bm-sw v ]n osv At±-l-Øn\v -D-d- m-bn. AtXmsS AXv \n Ø-em- p-ibpw snbvxp. CXn-s\- p-dn v A mlp C{]-Imcw ]d-bp p: kmcw: C_vdmlow Xs ]nxm-hn-\p-th n ]m]-tam-n-\-øn- n- Xv At±l-tØmSv snbvxn-cp Hcp hmkvzm\w aqe-a- msx as m- p-am-bn-cp- n-. F m, At±lw A m-lp-hns i{xp-hm-sw v X\n v hy -am-b-t mƒ At±l-Øn \n v Xm Hgn v \n pi Xs snbvxp. (Xu_x 114) Xulo-Zns am K-Øn F vv XymKhpw hcn- p-hm C_vdmlow \_n (A) Xøm-dm-bn-cp- p. At±lw \mspw, hospw IpSpw-_-hp-sa mw Dt]- n- p-sim v kztzi-amb Cdm-Izn \n v iman-te v h p. I -B {]tz-iøv (*) Xma-k-am- n. IqsS ktlm-z-c-]p-{x eqxzv \_n (A)bpw D m-bn-cp- p. ]n osv a -fpw, a fpss a -fp-ambn B IpSpw_w s]cp-in-s -cpin hcn-i-bpw, ]pxn-sbmcp temi-ncn{xw Xs krjvsn- p-ibpw snbvxp. ASpØ Bb-Øp-I-fn CXn-s\- n kqnn- n- p- p. (C-_vdmlow \_n (A)-bpsS Ncn{Xw hni-z-ambn kqd-øp C_vdm-loans XpS- -Øn \mw hnh-cn- n- p- v.) 49 Aß-s\, Ah-sc-bpw, Ah A m-lp-hn\v ]pdsa Bcm- [n p hcp- -h-scbpw At±lw hns m-gn p t]mbm-sd, At±-l- Øn\v (]p-{x ) Ckvlm-Izn-s\-bpw, (]u-{x ) bav-izq-_n-s\bpw \mw {]Zm\w snbvxp; F m (Hmtcmcp)- h-scbpw \mw \_n-am-cm- p-ibpw snbvxp. (*) ÿe-߃ ]Sw 6 ImWp-I. 2883

29 50 \ΩpsS A\p-{K-l-Øn \n pw Ah v \mw {]Zm\w snbvi-bpw, kxy-øns D -Xamb (k ) Io Øn Ah v D m- n-s m-sp- p-ibpw snbvxp. 49 Aßs\ At±lw Ahsc hns m-gn- -t mƒ Ah Bcm-[n- p- -h-sbbpw -A- m-lp-hn\v ]pdsa \mw {]Zm\w snbvxp, Zm\w simspøp At±-l-Øn\v Ckvlm-Izns\ bav-izq-_n-s\bpw F m-h-sc-bpw, Hmtcm-cp-Øscbpw \mw B n \_n, {]hm-n-i 50 \mw {]Zm\w snbvibpw snbvxp -A-h v \ΩpsS A\p-{K-l-Øn \n v, Imcp-Wy-Øn \n v \mw D m- p-ibpw snbvxp, G s -Sp-Øp-Ibpw snbvxp Ah v kxy-øns Io Øn (k Io Øn) D -X-am-b, D -X-amb \ne-bn Hcp ImeØpw aßn-t m-im-ø-hæw P\-ß-fn \n- p {]iw-k-bpw, A`n-\-µ- \hpw Ah p- m-bn-cn- p-sa v kmcw. PqX, {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ, apkvenw-iƒ F o Xc-hy-Xym-k-an- m-sx, sszhni ax-ÿ-sc mw Xs Ahsc {]iw-kn- p- -hcpw _lp-am-\n- p- -h-cp-am-ip- p. temim-h-km\w hsc Cu Io Øn \ne\n bpw snøpw. \a-kvim-cw, l v apx-emb I a-ß-fn t]mepw Cu {]hm-ni IpSpw-_- Øns kvac-w-iƒ ImWm-hp- -Xm-Wv. C_vdmlow \_n (A)-bpsS ]p{x-\mwv CkvlmIzv (A). Ct±-l-Øns ai- \mwv bav-izq_v (A). {]hm-n-i am-cn A[n-I-`m-Khpw bav-izq_v \_n (A)- bpss k m-\-]-c-º-c-bn s]- -h-cm-ip- p. ]{ v tkm{x-ß-fp Ckvdm-Cu (bnkvdm-tb ) hwi-øns ]nxm-hp-amwv At±-lw. CkvlmIzv \_n (A)-bpsS ktlm- Z-c-\mb Ckvam-Cu \_n (A)bpsS k -Xn-I-fn \n mwv apl-ωzv Xncp-ta\n P\n- -Xv. At mƒ hºn c v hwi-]-c-º-c-i-fmb CkvdmCu hwi-ßfpw Ckvam- Cu hwißfpw(a-d-_n-i-fpw) C_vdmlow \_n (A)-bpsS k -Xn-I-fm-Ip- p. (*) Hcp Imcyw Chn-sS-sh v \mw a\- n-em-t - -Xp- v. 48- mw hn-\-øn, "\n߃ hnfn- p-h-cp- h' As - n "{]m n- p-h-cp- h' ( ) F pw "Rm hnfn- p-sim- n-cn pw' As - n "{]m n- psim- n-cn pw' (GƒoYrOnGnh) F pw ]d- ph-t m. Cu c v {Inbm-cq-]-ß-fp-sSbpw [mxp (Qn~r ünÿg) AtX hn-\-øn Xs ImWp "ZpB' (AÉnYO) F ]Z-am-Ip- p. CXn\v "hnfn- p-i, {]m n- p-i, hnfn p {]m n- p-i, txsp-i, Wn- p-i, At]- n- pi' F n-ß-s\-bp A -ßsf mw hcp- -Xm-Wv. Hcp AZr-iy-i- n v apºn ` n-tbm-sviqsn snøp At]- (*) 12 Ckvdm-Cu tkm{x-ß-fpss hmk-ÿ-e-߃ ]Sw 5 epw Ad_n tkm{xß-fpss hmk-ÿ-e-߃ ]Sw 8 epw 11 epw ImWmw. 2884

30 - mwv "{]m \' F v ]d-bp- -Xv. Cu A -Øn-emWv "ZpB' F ]Zhpw, AXn \n v D `-hn- p a p ]Z-cq-]-ßfpw A[n-Ihpw D]-tbm-Kn- -s - Sm-dp- -Xv. {]m n- pi F A -Øn Xs "]S- -hs\ hnfn- pi' F pw A m-lp-hn-t\msv txspi F pw a pw ae-bm-fn-i-fmb \mw ]d-bm-dp- -Xv-t]m-se, ZpB-bpsS A -Øn Ad-_n-`m-j-bnepw thsd Nne hm p-iƒ D]-tbm-Kn- mdp- v. DZm-l-c-W-ambn 3 mw hn-\-øn ki-cnø (A) {]m n- -Xn-s\- n "hnfn p' F -am-ip "\mzm' (inoénf) F ]Z-am-Wt m D Xv B "hnfn' (AG~f) sim pt±iyw "{]m \' Xs -bm-sw v ASpØ 4 mw hn-\-øns Ah-km-\-`m-K- Øn \n v Xs hy -am-ip- -Xm-Wv. am{x-a-, ki-cnøm \_n (A)-bpsS AtX kw`-h-sø- n kqdx Bep-Cw-dm 38 "ki-cnøm Xs d n-t\msv {]m n p' ( ) F mwv ]d-bp- -Xpw. Npcp- n- -d- m "ZpB'-bp-sSbpw "{]m \' bpssbpw A -Øn thsdbpw ]Z-߃ D]-tbm-Kn- -s -Sm-dp v; ta Im-Wn A -Øn-ep F m "ZpB'bpw ({]m -\-bpw) "C_m- - ZØm'Ip Bcm-[\ (InOÉnÑpY)bn Dƒs - -Xm-Ip- p. "C_m-ZØm'Is, A m-lp-hn- \- msx a m pw snøm ]msn-s v ]d-tb- -Xn-. At mƒ A m-lp-hn-\- msx {]m \ (Zp-B) snøm\pw ]msn-s v hy -am-wv. 48, 49 hn-\-ß-fn \n v Xs Cu hkvxpx a\- n-em- p-hm Ign-bpw. 48- mw hn-\-øn C_vdmlow \_n (A); "Rm \nß-sfbpw \n߃ hnfn- p- -h-scbpw hns m-gn v t]mip p' F pw, "Fs d ns\ hnfn p'sa pw ]d- p. 49- mw hn-\-øn At±lw hns mgn- p-t]m-b-xn-s\- n {]kvxm-hn- -t mƒ, "Ah-scbpw Ah Bcm-[n- p- h (C- _m-zøv snøp- -h)-sbbpw hn p-t]m-bmsd' F m-wt m A mlp ]d- -Xv. CXvt]mse thsd ÿe-ß-fnepw ImWm-hp- -Xm-Ip- p. F v sh- m, Htc ImcysØ p-dn- p-xs "ZpB' F pw, "C_m-ZØv' F pw D]-tbm-Kn p ImWmw. "C_m- Z-Øn' Dƒs]- -Xm-sW v am{x-a-, C_m-Z-Øns C\-ß-fn AXn-{]-[m-\-am-bXv IqSn-bmWv "ZpB' F {]m -\. \_n Xncp-ta\n C{]-Imcw ]d-bp p: iòeîdg ` IOÉnÑp dg ïe oabéyo~dg{]m -\, Bcm-[-\-bpsS a -bm-ip- p (Xn). as m-cn- Ahn-Sp v ]d- Xv Cß-s\-bmWv: ɪgÒZh,OhGOƒHG,~ªMG ` InOÉnÑp dg nƒog oabéyo~dg ({]m \ Xs -bmwv Bcm-[\ (A; Zm). CXp-sIm- m-wv, ]e-t mgpw "ZpB' (AÉnYoO) F [mxp-hn \n v D `-hn- p ]Z-ß-fpsS Dt±iyw hnh-cn- p thfbn, Nne hymjym-xm- ƒ "C_m-ZØv' (IOÉnÑpY) F [mxp-hn \n- p ]Z-ß-sfs m v hymjym-\n p ImWp- -Xpw. hn`mkw 4 51 (\-_n-tb) thz-{k-ÿ-øn aqkm-sb- p-dn pw {]kvxm-hn- pi: \n -b-ambpw At±lw Hcp \njvif- -\m-bn-cp p; Hcp ZqX\pw {]hm- 2885

31 N-I\pw [dkqepw \_nbpw] Bbncp- p. 52 (ko-\m) ] -X-Øns he- Øp-`m-K-Øv-\n v At±-lsØ \mw hnfn- p-i-bpw, Hcp cl-ky- `mjnxs\ \ne-bn At±-l- Øn\v \mw kmao]yw \ Ip-Ibpw snbvxp. 53 \ΩpsS A\p-{K-l-Øm Xs ktlm-z-c lmdq-\ns\ Hcp {]hm-n-i-\mb \ne-bn, \mw At±l-Øn\v {]Zm\w snbvibpw snbvxp. 51 ]d-bpi, {]kvxm-hn- pi thz-{k-ÿ-øn aqkmsb- p-dn v \n -b-ambpw At±lw Bbn-cp p \njvi-f- (iq- ) At±lw Bbn-cp- p, Bhp-Ibpw snbvxn-cp p Hcp dkq, ZqX {]hm-n-i, {]hm-n-i-\mb 52 \mw At±-lsØ hnfn p (ko-\m) ] -X-Øns `mk-øv\n v hesø At±-l-Øn\v \mw kmao]yw (A-Sp- w) \ Ip-Ibpw snbvxp kzim-cy-`m-jn-x-\m-bn, kzimcyw ]d-bp- -h-\mbn 53 \mw {]Zm\w snbvibpw snbvxp At±-l-Øn\v \ΩpsS A\p-{K-l-Øm, Imcp-Wy-Øm At±-l-Øns ktlm-zcs\ lmdq-\ns\ {]hm-n-i-\m-bn, \_n-bmbn aqkm \_n (A)-bpsS Ncn{Xw ASpØ kqd-øn kpzo Lw hnh-cn- n- p- v. A[n-I-hn-hcw AhnsS sh v ImWm-hp- -Xm-Wv. B Ncn-{X-Ønse Nne hi-߃ kv] in- pi am{x-amwv Cu hn-\-߃ snøp- -Xv. {]t_m-[-\-irxyw \n h-ln- p- -Xn Xs klm-bn- p Hcp klm-b-i-\mbn ktlm-z-c lmdq \_n (A)-sbbpw \n -bn p simsp- -W-sa v aqkm (A) A m-lp-hn-t\msv {]m n- p. AXns ^e-ambn A mlp At±-lsØ aqkm \_n (A)-bpsS klm-b-i\pw Hcp \_n-bp-ambn \n -bn- p-ibpw snbvxp- -. km[m-cw a p \_nam v kn n- n- n- mø Hc-\p-{K-l-am-WX.v CXvt]m-se-Ø-s, A m-lp-hns `mjww a y-h Ønbn- msx t\cn v ti Xpw aqkm \_n (A)- v-am{xw kn n AXn-a-l-Ømb Hcp A\p-{K-l-am-Ip- p. "Xzq ' ( ) F hm n\v ] Xw F -am-sw- nepw ko\m-] -XsØ Dt±-in p ]e ÿeøpw Izp -B-\n B hm v D]-tbm-Kn p ImWp- p- v. aqkm \_n (A) v BZy-ambn hlvbv (Zn-hy-k-tµ-iw) e`n- -Xpw, A m-lp-hns kw`mjww tiƒ p-i-sb a-lm-`mkyw kn n- -Xpw, XudmØv e`n- Xpsa mw ko\m- 2886

32 bn sh m-bn-cp- p. At±lw azvb\n (*) \n v CuPn-]vXn-te v t]mip-tºmƒ hgn-at y Xs A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn p \n p ] -X-Øns he-øv`m-k-øv-sh- mwv A m-lp-hns hnfn-bp- m-b-xv. ko\m A -Zzo]v Atd-_y-bpsS GXm v hs- p- ]-Sn- m-dpw, CuPn-]vXn \n v GXm v sx p-in-g- p-ambn ÿnxn-sn-øp- p. (**) "eman'\v "C'Imc (Iôn ùnc)-tømsv IqSn Ék üp rîoe F pw, "A'Imc (áëàa)-tømsv IqSn É ün fl F pw hmbn- -s - n- p- v. H m-asø hmb\ A\p-k-cn- mwv "\njvi-f- ' F v \mw Bb-Øn\v X a I ]n- -Xv. c m-a-tø-x-\p-k-cn v B hm n\v "ip n snø-s - -h ' Ft m "Xnc-s -Sp- -s - -h ' Ft m A w ]d-bm-hp- -Xm-Ip- p. 54 thz-{k-ÿ-øn Ckvam-Cuen-s\- p-dn pw {]kvxm-hn- pi: \n -b-ambpw At±lw hmkvzm-\- Øn kxyw-]m-en- p- -h-\m-bncp p; Hcp dkqepw \_nbpw [ZqX\pw {]hm-n-i\pw] Bbn-cp- p. 55 At±lw Xs Bƒ mtcmsv \a-kvim-c-øn\pw "kim- Øn'\pw [hnip- -[ a-øn\pw] B m-]n- m-dp- m-bn-cp p; Xs c n-xm-hns ASp- At±lw kpk-ω-x-\pam-bncp p. 54 {]kvxm-hn- pi thz-{k-ÿ-øn Ckvam-Cuen-s\- p-dn v \n -b-ambpw At±lw Bbn-cp p hmkvzm-\-øn kxyw ]men- p- -h At±lw BIp-Ibpw snbvxn-cp p dkq, ZqX \_n, {]hm-n-i 55 At±lw Bbn-cp p At±lw B m- ]n pw Xs Bƒ m-tcm-sv, kz - m-tcmsv \a-kv m-c-øn\v kim-øn-\pw, hnip [ a-øn\pw Xs c n-xm-hns ASp- (*) (**) ]Sw 4 t\m pi At±lw BIp-Ibpw snbvxn-cp p kpk-ω-x, Xr]vX C_vdmlow \_n (A)-bpsS ]p{x-\pw, Ad-_n-I-fpsS hwi-]n-xm-hp-amb Ckvam- Cu \_n (A)-bpsS Poh-N-cn-{X-kw-t ]w Cu c v Bb-Øp-I-fn AS-ßp- p. At±-l-Øns aq v khn-ti-j-kp-w-߃ {]txyiw {i m l-amwv: (1) At±lw hmkvzm-\-øn kxyw ]men- n-cp- p. (2) At±lw kz - m-tcmsv \a- 2887