Péter Bakonyi András Magyarics

Content Tisza River Basin Institutional and Legal Framework of the Co-operation Some Examples of the Co-operation (good & bad) Conclusions 22-23 April 2009 Geneva 2

Europe/Carpathian Basin 3

Main Characteristics Torrent upstream regimes: 28-36 hrs after rainfall 8-10 m rise of waterlevel Flood duration: 5-20 days 25-100 days Typical downstream conditions; 96 % of surface water resources as well as floods are generated outside the country 5

Water Level Hydrograph at Tivadar 6

Length of primary defences 4200 km, protected fluvial floodplain 21200 km 2, 23% of the territory of the country, which is unique in Europe 7

Frequency of damages caused by water in Hungary Floods: smaller scale in every 2-3 years significant in every 5-6 years devastating in every 10-12 years Access water: every 2-3 years Drought: every 3-5 years 8

Values at risk of flooding Arable land 40 % Railways 32 % Main roads 15 % Communities 646 Population affected 2,3 millions Total value at risk USD 30 billions 9

COMPARISON OF GREATER EUROPEAN FLOOD CONTROL SYSTEMS Length of defence structures HUNGARY TISZA-VALLEY (in Hungary) PO-VALLEY UKRAINE THE NETHERLANDS LOIRE-VALLEY Extension of protected floodplains HUNGARY TISZA-VALLEY (in Hungary) THE NETHERLANDS PO-VALLEY UKRAINE ZUIDER-ZEE LOIRE-VALLEY 10

Water (and Environmental) Institutional Arrangement within the Public Administration in Hungary Including the Organizations against Flood Events Ministry of Environment and Water Central Directorate for Water and Environment National Inspectorate for Environment and Water Regional Environmental and Water Boards (12) National Parks (10) Regional Inspectorates (10) 11

Rivers Entering and Leaving Hungary 12

Upper Tisza River Basin 1900 m Asl Tokaj 100 m Asl Tivada r Area (km 2 ) Distribution (%) HU 6627 13,4 SK 6972 14,1 UA 12461 25,2 RO 23389 47,3 Total 49449 100 Any season can be a flood season Floods are flashy Z = 8-11 m/24-48 hours I = 25 cm/hour 2300 m Asl Tisza at Tivadar Q min = 35 m 3 /s Q átl = 239 m 3 /s Q max = 4040 m 3 /s Qmax/Qmin = 115.4 14

History of UA-HU Co-operation Trans-boundary Water Management Committees 1947-48 Soviet Union 1981 Soviet Union 1994 Ukraine Tisza Forum 2001 Ukraine, SK, RO, S&M Sofia Convention (ICPDR) 1998- Today 15 countries 15

Hungarian-Ukrainian co-operation Joint projects Bereg region localisation (confinement) plan Bereg drainage system Tisza river training plan Research on the effects of deforestation Maintenance of the joint monitoring system Impact assessment of the development of flood protection systems Harmonisation of design flood levels 16

Development of flood protection systems 18

Kaszó Joint Hungarian-Ukrainian remote sensing system TOKAJ Tapoly Bodrog Ondava NYÍREGYHÁZA KÖZPONT Laborc SZLOVÁKIA Tisza Tiszabercel Dombrád Lónyay-fõcs. Kótaj Császárszállás Nagyberezna Latorca Záhony Tisza Kocsord Ung Nagyecsed Ljuta UNGVÁR központ Turjamezı Alsóhidegpatak Szabolcsveresmart Kántorjánosi Tunyogmatolcs Munkács V.oroszi Csenger Malomrét Sóhát UKRAJNA Tivadar Sonkád Turja Tiszabecs Alsóverecke Polena Zalomiszko Szolyva Garbolc Alsóremete Borsa Szamos Huszt átjátszó Tisza Túr Pláj átjátszó Huszt ROM Á NIA Repenye Ökörmezı Dolha Vásárosnamény Vezérszállás Fülöpfalva Nagyág Huszt (Tiszakirva) Talabor Toronya Alsókalocsa átjátszó Alsókalocsa (Rókarét) Nyéresháza Técsı Királymezı Kraszna átjátszó Dragobrat Tarac Rahó átjátszó Kaszómezı Tisza Iza Jelmagyarázat: Vízgyőjtı határ Fekete-Tisza Rahó Nagybocskó Visó Körösmezı Láposmezı Országhatár Csapadék és léghımérséklet Vízállás Vízállás TACIS Csapadék TACIS Vízállás USGS Csapadék USGS Vízminıség Távméı r központ Ágerdımajor NAGYBÁNYA 20

Joint Hungarian-Ukrainian Remote Sensing System Remote Sensing Stations In Hungary (31): 19 hydrological 2 hydrometeorological 2 ultrasonic Q meter 5 automatic GW well 3 automatic pump st. In Ukraine (35): 25 hydrological (10 UHF, 15 satelite) 10 hydrometeorological (5 UHF, 5 satelite) 21

Hungarian-Ukrainian co-operation Tisza at Técsı Tisza hydrological Técsı vízrajzi-vízminıségi- and WQ és and Huszt-Tiszakirva at Huszt-Tiszkirva vízrajzi távmérı a hydrological állomás station A Latorca Szolyva USGS vízrajzi távmérı állomás Latorca at Szolyva an USGS remote hydrological station 22

Radar and satelite picture for forecasting Napkor Budapest National composit Digital satelite pictures 23

Hungarian-Ukrainian co-operation Humanitarian aid of the Hungarian Governement 24

Hungarian-Ukrainian co-operation (the dark side) Tisza, communal waste 25

Conclusions and Future Tasks Impact Assessment of National Development Plans of Flood Protection Systems Ukraine (42 dry reservoirs + 2+ polders) VTT Joint Proposal for Phasing the Development Harmonisation of Design Flood Levels 26