19 20 30 20 20 B985 1980 030006 Kibbutz 1 2 1 Degania 1910 ~ 1911 270 300 ~ 800 12. 4 1. 62% 98. 8% 51. 3% 40. 7% 43. 6% 26. 5% 9% David Leichman and Idit Paz eds. Kibbutz An Alternative LifestyleRamat Efal Yad Tabenkin1997 pp. 256-260 Stanley MaronKibbutz in Market Society Ramat Efal Yad Tabenkin1993pp. 88-99 2 2005 12 46 ~ 48 2006 3 60 ~ 74 2008 5 149 ~ 153 53
Torah 4 1 5 19 20 30 20 2 20 Tirat Tzvi 1937 740 20 20 20 1 20 40 6% 60 910 3 1 Arieh Fishman ed. The Religious Kibbutz MovementJerusalem The 1957pp. 10-11. Jerusalem Post Press 2 Ibid1957p. 11. 3 Arieh FishmanJudaism and Modernization On The Religious KibbutzCambridge Cambridge University Press1992p. 160. 20 90 8000 4 Synagogue 5 Arieh Fishman ed. 1957 p. 19. 54
82 26550 1 Ghetto 6 2 1 David Leichman and Idit Paz eds. 70 Kibbutz An Alternative LifestyleRamat Efal Yad Tabenkin1997 p. 256. 2 Arieh Fishman 1992p. xii. 3 5 1881 ~ 1882 1903 25000 ~ 35000 1904 ~ 1914 40000 the Second 1919 ~ 1923 35000 ~ 40000 Aliya 3 The Jewish National Fund 1924 ~ 1932 84000 23000 1933 ~ 1939 200000 ~ 250000 4 20 the Pioneer 4 5 Henry NearExperiment and Survival The Beginnings of the KibbutzJournal of Contemporary HistoryVol. 20No. 1 1985pp. 179-182. 6 1791 9 27 5 1796 1797 7 1798 27 1815 55
4 Moses Mendelson 5 19 19 Haskalah 6 1 19 1904 ~ 1914 2 19 Zionism the religious zionist movement 19 1 Arieh Fishman 1992 p. 2. 19 2 Ibid 1992 p. xii. 3 2006 286 4 11 3 5 Chain I. WaxmanMessianismZoinism and the State of Israel Modern JudaismVol 7No 2 1987p. 176. 6 Arieh Fishman 1992 p. 46. 56
6 1 Moshe UnnaThe Elements of The Religious Kibbutzin Arieh Fishman ed. The Religious Kibbutz MovementJerusalem The Jerusalem Post Press1957p. 27. 2 Halakha 3 Simha FriedmanThe Extension of The Scope of Halakhain Arieh Fishman ed. The Religious 1 Kibbutz MovementJerusalem The Jerusalem Post Press1957p. 37. 4 Tsuriel AdmanitOn The Religious Significance of The Communityin Arieh Fishman ed. The Religious Kibbutz MovementJerusalem Halakha 2 The Jerusalem Post Press1957p. 32. 3 5 Muki TsurThe Intimate Kibbutzin David Leichman and Idit Paz eds. Kibbutz An Alternative LifestyleRamat Efal Yad Tabenkin1997p. 12. 6 4 5 57
1 Martin Buber 4 Tirat Tsvi 2 5 6 1 Aharon NahlonThe Four Varieties in The Commune Collective or Private Propertyin Arieh Fishman ed. The Religious Kibbutz Movement Jerusalem The Jerusalem Post Press1957p. 93. 3 2 Martin BuberPaths in Utopiatrans. by R. F. C. HullBoston Beacon Press1960p. 147. 3 Yossi KatsThe Religious Kibbutz Movement in Land of Israel 1830-1948trans. by Joseph ShedurRamat Gan Bar-Ilan University Press1999 p. 15. 4 Muki TsurA Bridge in Both Directionsin David Leichman and Idit Paz eds. Kibbutz An Alternative LifestyleRamat Efal Yad Tabenkin1997 p. 55. 5 Avraham HellerSdei Eliyhu The First Religious Youth Aliya Kvutzain Arieh Fishman ed. The Religious Kibbutz MovementJerusalem The Jerusalem Post Press1957pp. 161-162. 6 Arieh Fishman 1957 p. 21. 58
Yossi Kats 4 1 20 80 910 60 Micha Drori 5 2 3 1 Stanley MaronKibbutz in Market Society Ramat Efal Yad Tabenkin1993p. 10. 2 1948 770 3 19 20 30 4 Yossi KatsThe Religious Kibbutz Movement in The Land of Israel 1930-1948Ramat Gan Bar- Ilan University Press and The Magnes Press1999 p. 59. 5 Jo-Ann Mort and Gary BrennerOur Heart Invented a Place Can Kibbutzim Survive in Today s Israel New York Cornell University Press2003 p. 165. 59
The Religious KibbutzCambridge Cambridge University Press1992. 5. Henry NearThe Kibbutz Movement A History Volume 1 London Oxford University Press 1992. 6. Daniel GavronKibbutz Awakening From UtopiaLanham Rowman & Littlefield PublishersINC. 2000. 7. 2008 1. Stanley MaronKibbutz in Market Society Ramat Efal Yad Tabenkin1993. 2. Martin BuberPaths in Utopiatrans. by R. F. C. HullBoston Beacon Press1960. 3. Yossi KatsThe Religious Kibbutz Movement in Land of Israel 1830-1948trans. by Joseph Shedur Ramat Gan Bar-Ilan University Press1999. 4. Arieh FishmanJudaism and Modernization On 8. 1997 9. 2002 10. 2002 殏 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 殏 2012 3 22 ~ 23 1948 1 2. 0 2 3 http / / www. dgi - info. de / CfP2012DGI - Konferenz_GB. aspx 殏 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 殏 60