Supplemental table 1: Composition of the diets Chow diet (Teklad 2018, HFHS diet

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1 Supplemental table 1: Composition of the diets Chow diet (Teklad 2018, HFHS diet HARLAN) Ingredients (g/100g) Crude protein 19 Casein high nitrogen 20 Fat (Soybean oil) 6.2 Lcysteine 0.18 Carbohydrate 44 Sucrose FCC 26.9 Crude fiber 3.5 Alphacel non nutritive 5 bulk Insoluble fiber 15 Mineral mix 6.7 Ash 5.3 Vitamin mix 1.4 Lard 19.8 Corn oil 19.8 Choline bitartrate 0.2 Tertbutylhydrytoluene (BHT) Composition (kcal%) Protein Carbohydrates Lipids Energy Density (kcal/g)

2 Supplemental Table 2: Proanthocyanidin analysis of camucamu extract by phloroglucinolysis. UPLCESIMSMS fragmentation, UV/Vis spectra. Product number UPLC Retention time (min) Compound [M] MS fragments (Epi)gallocatechin adduct , 261, 177, 125 b Gallocatechin* , (Epi)catechin adduct , 261, 245, 175, 161, (Epi)gallocatechin gallate , 411, 319, 261 adduct (Epi)gallocatechin adduct , 261, 177, Epigallocatechin* , Catechin* , (Epi)catechin gallate adduct , 413, 395, (Epi)catechin adduct , 261, 245, 175, 161, (Epi)gallocatechin gallate , 305, 287, 169, (epi)catechin gallate , 289, 169 Product number HPLC Retention time (min) Compound mg/100g DW (average ± SD) (Epi)gallocatechin adduct ± 1.11 a (Epi)catechinadduct + (Epi)gallocatechin gallate adduct + (Epi)gallocatechin adduct ± Catechin 6.87 ± (Epi)catechin gallate adduct ± 5.25 (Epi)catechin adduct (Epi)gallocatechin gallate ± (epi)catechin gallate ± Total ± 6.53 Data is presented as the mean ±SD *Identified based on retention time a Catechin equivalents b Bold values represent the main fragments

3 Supplemental table 3: Primer sequences Gene/Taxa Forward Reverse Syber Green Actb CTCTAGACTTCGAGCAGGAG AGAGTACTTGCGCTCAGGAG Nr1h4 CTGAGACTGGGTACCAGGG CCATTCGCGGCTTCTTTGTC Nr0b2 ACGATCCTCTTCAACCCAGA AGGGCTCCAAGACTTCACAC Fabp6 GGTCTTCCAGGAGACGTGAT ACATTCTTTGCCAATGGTGA Slc51a TGTTCCAGGTGCTTGTCATCC CCACTGTTAGCCAAGATGGAGAA Slc51b GATGCGGCTCCTTGGAATTA GGAGGAACATGCTTGTCATGAC Gpbar1 CTGCTGGCTGCTTCTTCC CACTGCCATGTAGCGTTCC Fgfr4 GTACCCTCGGACCGCGGCACATAC GCCGAAGCTGCTGCCGTTGATG Fgf15 GAGGACCAAAACGAACGAAATT ACGTCCTTGATGGCAATCG Abcb11 AAGCTACATCTGCCTTAGACACAGAA CAATACAGGTCCGACCCTCTCT Cyp7a1 AGCAACTAAACAACCTGCCAGTACTA GTCCGGATATTCAAGGATGCA Cyp7b1 TGAGGTTCTGAGGCTGTGCTC TCCTGCACTTCTCGGATGATG Fiaf CAATGCCAAATTGCTCCAATT TGGCCGTGGGCTCAGT Pgc1a CTGAGACCCTCGGGGAAC AAACGTCAGTTCACAGGGAAG Ppara ATGCCAGTACTGCCGTTTTCA GGGCCTTGACCTTGTTCATGT Pnpla2 ACCAGCATCCAGTTCAACCT ATCCCTGCTTGCACATCTCT Mgl1 CTAATTTCACCTCTGATCCT AGGACAGAGTTGGTCACTTC Pparg2 ACTGCCTATGAGCACTTCAC CAATCGGATGGTTCTTCGGA Prdm16 CAG CAC GGT GAA GCC ATT GCG TGC ATC CGC TTG TG Ucp1 ACTGCCACACCTCCAGTCATT CTTTGCCTCACTCAGGATTGG Dio2 GTCCGCAAATGACCCCTTT CCCACCCACTCTCTGACTTTC 16S 891F/1033R TGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCGA TGCGGGACTTAACCCAACA Firmicutes CTGATGGAGCAACGCCGCGT ACACYTAGYACTCATCGTTT Bacteroidetes CCGGAWTYATTGGGTTTAAAGGG GGTAAGGTTCCTCGCGTA Lactobacillus TGGAAACAGRTGCTAATACCG GTCCATTGTGGAAGATTCCC Bifidobacterium TCGCGTCYGGTGTGAAAG CCACATCCAGCRTCCAC Barnesiella CCAAGTCGCGTGAAGGAAGA ACGGAGTTAGCCGATGCTTT Turicibacter CCGCGGTAATACGTAGGTGG ACGCATTTCACCGCTACACA Allobaculum TTATGGCCTGGGCTACACAC TTCTCGGATTGGCTTGCCTT Akkermansia muciniphila CAG CAC GTG AAG GTG GGG AC CCT TGC GGT TGG CTT CAG AT TaqMan Actb Mm _g1 Nos2 Mm _m1 Adgre1 Mm _m1

4 αmca HCA CA UDCA HDCA DCA CDCA LCA P value Chow vs HFHS P value HFHS vs CC P value Chow vs HFHS P value HFHS vs CC Supplemental table 4: of bile acids in plasma and fæces. PLASMA Chow HFHS CC FAECES Chow HFHS CC

5 βmca , ωmca GLCA TLCA GCA GCDCA GDCA TCDCA TDCA TUDCA TCA

6 TωMCA , , TβMCA , TαMCA GUDCA , Data is presented as the mean ±. Cholic acid (CA), Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), Deoxycholic acid (DCA), Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), Lithocholic acid (LCA) TauroCholic acid (TCA), TauroDeoxycholic acid (TDCA), Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), TauroLithocholic acid (TLCA) αmurocholic acid (αmca), βmurocholic acid (βmca), ωmurocholic acid (ωmca), Tauroαmurocholic acid (TαMCA), Tauroβmurocholic acid (TβMCA), Tauroωmurocholic acid (TωMCA), Glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA), Glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA), Glycocholic acid (GCA), Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), Glycolithocholic acid (GLCA), Hyocholic acid (HCA), Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA). P values calculated using oneway ANOVA with Bonferroni posthoc test.

7 βmca αmca HCA CA UDCA HDCA DCA CDCA LCA P value Chow vs HFHS P value HFHS vs CC P value Chow vs HFHS P value HFHS vs CC Supplemental table 5: Proportion of bile acids in plasma and fæces. PLASMA Chow HFHS CC FAECES Chow HFHS CC

8 ωmca GLCA TLCA 0.88 GCA GCDCA GDCA TCDCA TDCA TUDCA TCA GUDCA

9 TωMCA TβMCA TαMCA Data is presented as the mean ±. Cholic acid (CA), Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), Deoxycholic acid (DCA), Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), Lithocholic acid (LCA) TauroCholic acid (TCA), TauroDeoxycholic acid (TDCA), Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), TauroLithocholic acid (TLCA) αmurocholic acid (αmca), βmurocholic acid (βmca), ωmurocholic acid (ωmca), Tauroαmurocholic acid (TαMCA), Tauroβmurocholic acid (TβMCA), Tauroωmurocholic acid (TωMCA), Glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA), Glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA), Glycocholic acid (GCA), Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), Glycolithocholic acid (GLCA), Hyocholic acid (HCA), Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA). P values calculated using oneway ANOVA with Bonferroni posthoc test.

10 Supplemental table 6: Taxonomic profile at phylum level of germfree mice reconstituted with the fecal microbiota of vehicle and camu camutreated mice. Days postcolonization Phylum HFHS CC P value Day1 Other Day1 Actinobacteria Day1 Bacteroidetes Day1 Firmicutes Day1 Proteobacteria Day1 Verrucomicrobia Day1 F/B ratio Day2 Other Day2 Actinobacteria Day2 Bacteroidetes Day2 Firmicutes Day2 Proteobacteria Day2 Verrucomicrobia Day2 F/B ratio Day3 Other Day3 Actinobacteria Day3 Bacteroidetes Day3 Firmicutes Day3 Proteobacteria Day3 Verrucomicrobia Day3 F/B ratio , except for F/B Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio (total counts of Firmicutes/total counts Bacteroidetes). Data is presented as the mean ±. P value calculated using Student s ttest. F/B Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio (total counts of Firmicutes/total counts Bacteroidetes)

11 P value CC HFHS P value CC HFHS P value CC HFHS Supplemental table 7: Taxonomic profile at genus level of germfree mice reconstituted with the fecal microbiota of vehicle and camu camutreated mice. DAY1 DAY2 DAY3 Other Bifidobacterium Adlercreutzia Barnesiella S247_g Bacillales_f_g Lactobacillales_f_g Lactobacillales_f_g_ Enterococcaceae_g Enterococcaceae_g_ Enterococcus Lactobacillus Lactococcus Turicibacter Clostridiales_f_g Clostridiales_f_g_ Clostridiaceae_g Clostridiaceae_g_ Clostridium SMB Lachnospiraceae_g Lachnospiraceae_g_ Coprococcus Dorea Ruminococcus rc Peptostreptococcaceae_g Ruminococcaceae_g Ruminococcaceae_g_ Oscillospira Ruminococcus Erysipelotrichaceae_g Allobaculum Clostridium Coprobacillus Pseudomonas Akkermansia Data is presented as the mean ±. P value calculated using Student s ttest.