Bwti karn_18mina1970. The Eighteen March Design. par A. Dauphin - Meunier - Presses Universitaires de France - Paris page 85).

Átírás

1 ekalbmng n Bwti karn_18mina1970 The Eighteen March Design eday sutï-b" Ulin f TI11 mifuna 2005 bvti sa s nigcmvmgrsgcl' minemnekiteligeday cdn, edaysarkarehgsfly, edaysargyuti Fm n Bhµlixit k*eda ysarekalnmngrbs' BHCamças'eLIy, bvti sa s EtgekIt eligedaysarqnê:rbs'mnusß. å kwdωkmµ n f «18mina1970» minemn tuvbegi telig eday saretcncatiexµrenahet... BIe JH bcacatiexµredl tuvremolf ak' culk~ gsâgappleamhinehacgn rkb EdlminEmnCasÂgappleamrbs' x Án minvnttylpakcmenjbi Bwti karn_enheliy. ena Kb'å- kwdωkmµtsggs'enaelipbepndienh KWG~kEdlVnTTYlPaKcMeN jenahehiy EdlCaG~kVneFI. ekalbmng n «Bwti karn_18 mina1970»... KWCakarelbTwkdIkmı Ca BIsMNak'evotNamxageCI g nigbykeyokkug, (duec~hyyncag~kcmenj KWyYnCaG~keFI!), min EmnCaeKalbMNgrbs'eTJ BH nê NaeT... BIe JH Kan'Et «Bwti karn_»enhekiteligp amkalna BYkT&ByYnxageCIg Edl F ab'etsm MenA BM btl' k* sab'etrt' besc bsac culmkk~ g EdndIkmı Ca (duckgt&bm"ugek alsmrukcul betscingicwg g) edim Ivay bharbmvk'kgt&brbs'åt mesniy ln'-nl'. xm VneFI kar sav CavGMBI bvti sa s n betskmı Ca cmnyn30 q~smkehiy...tsgetbi betsvrsg (EdlxM VnsMNak'enA10q~S) rhutmkdl'shrdωgaemrik, xm Vnseg texijfa ral'eblna EdlmanekIt«åb ti ehtuexµrkab'sm ab'yyn» enasm&yburanka l KWes cyynetgetvnrwbgusykext ExµrenAkmı Cae kam VnmY y BIrCanicçCakal. duec~h«åb ti ehtú nkarkab'sm ab'yyn»kw yyncag~kvnerobcmefi minemncaexµret BIe JHCnCatiExµrTSgGs' K~aCaG~kVt'bg'xatenAk~ g bkarenh. «enak~ gq~s1730, e kamkarjḧhjg'rbs'cncatilavqapple Átm~ak', BY kexµredlhak'ducca tuvgarkßcan' (exµaccul) VnedIrkab'sm ab' yyn EdlBYkeKVnCYb bthenapumipakxagt Ëg n BHraCaNac k (kmı Cae kam). «BHstƒaTI2 k*vnbjç Ën BHraCs~gkar edim IeTAkMcat'BYkExµr Bulk ÁcexµaccUlGs'TSgenH. BHecA kugev"k*vneq øt{kaseblenah B giktwkdirbs'x ÁnmYyrMeBC. edayykelsfa mkcyy erobcm[mansn ab'f~ab', es cgnâamk*bjç ËnkgT&Bmkvay bharexµrrhutdl' kugp~ MeBj. bnêab'bivncyb bthnwgp&b vasna klab'cuhelig nsâgappleam, BHstƒaTI2, EdlVneVHbg'ecal BH racfanirbs' Tg' edayrt'etabynenap~ MsnÊ k, k*ttylyl' Bmtam kartamtarrbs'es cgnâam EdlF ab'cag~kkarjr Tg', ehiyk* bkl'ext fi µbirenaedndikussgsi uneta[yyn KWext em-sniglg' ehar EdlE beqµahcaevotnamfa mi-f nig vijl g (K s 17-31)» (dk sg'ecjbi Histoire du Cambodge- La peau de chagrin- par A. Dauphin - Meunier - Presses Universitaires de France - Paris page 85). «sjôabit» nig «sjôaexij» ebiniyaytamk ÁnyuTÏsa s cin, sjôaedlekemilexij mi nemncasjôabitet, cmenksjôabit ekemilminexijtal'et esah. CaåTahrN_ Tak'Tgnwg Bwti karn_18mina «sjôaexij»ti1 nrna@k*vnemilexijedrfa elakåt mesniyln'-nl'vntm ak'sem csihnu. k*b" uen tamescki Bit, es cggappleenhvnrt'culxµsgedayggapple gesah tsgbí f 6mkra19-69em" H. es csihnucaexµrveg gcati, Cast kebiveg gbwg, Caes cveg gt&b. es csihnuminemncaes cexµret... KWCaes ceyokku g! ehtugi VnCadUec~HeTAvij? BIe JHKat'CaGay"gdac' f rbs' yyn, Catuk ẗtabJç ËlrUbsuTÏsaF EdleFI si tametevot Nambgappleab'bJÇaTSgGs' (duccacncatilavqapple ÁtenAxagelI, es c sihnucaes cqapple ÁtEdleTaHCajḦHjg'[«kab'yYn»k*eday KWyYn CaG~kbJÇaBIe kay edim Ivaman{kasmkvaykMeTcbMp icbmp aj su kexµr). tuk ẗtabJç ËlrUbrbs'yYndUec~H mingaccat'tukfacaes c ExµrVneT... KWCaes cyyn!! sem csihnunigg~km~agm" Unik ftcamyyti bwkßayyn enaelip ËvlMhU-CImij kalbiq~s1973 xm manps ẗtage cinnas' EdlbgȧajBIPkI PaBrbs'åt mes niyln'-nl' cmejhsem csihnu. ena f TI12mina1970, evla resol (KWCa f bnêab'bí f VtukmµvaysƒanTUteyokkugnigeyok- NamxageCIgenAP~ MeBj) xm VnGanTUrelxsm at'myyedles c sihnuvnepi mkmata Tg' (ehiyedlelakeso-c&nêsafvnykmk[xm BI ksygexasnakarcati). bnêab'bigangtƒbtenahkal NaxM manlk N:dUcCamnusßm~ak'Edl tuv BHFrNI sub BIe JH sem csihnuvnefåaletasy"agf n'f retaelirdωapivl, etaeli

2 rdωspa CaBiesseTAelIBYkVtukr Edl Tg'Vncat'Tukfa Ca«G~ kes~hacatiedle skx an Vk'dul ar»... VtukmµvaysƒanTUtyYnxageCIgenA kugp~ MeBj «...xm (es csihnu) mingacecotal'etesah fabykekmanhwgßa niymhyscenêalebbenh EdlCakarpÊÿy slhbipl beyacn_ xıg'xıs' nigekr _eqµahd*lì n betscatieyig i (sis!). xm dwgc as' Nas'fa Bwti karn_d*f n'f renh Vn tuvbegi teligedaysarbyk vrcn EdlmaneKalbMNgcg'bMp icbmp ajmit PaBrvagkmı CanigBi PBsgapplemniym ehiycmruj betseyig[f ak'culk~ gkn ab' d nmhagmnacc kbti niym nigmulfnniym (sic!)». ejl[cmeta sem csihnuvnecatelakfa CaG~keFI GMeBIhw elakåt mesniy ln'-nl' gßaetaelicncatiyyn eday lk'x ÁnbMerIpl beyacn_gaem riksg. b" uen xm Vndwgc as'nas' fa «VtukmµedjyYn» KWsem ccag~kbjça[efi KWtSgBIcMnYn biexmunekit Bwti karn_. tsg BIExvici œka1969em" H, xm Vndwg BI kumshkarirbs'åt mesni yln'-nl' (CaBiessBIela kefag-lwmhyg)fa «ecah ay (es csihnu) [elakfm ( ln'-nl') erobcmefi Vtukmµed jyyn». cmenkkardak'tu tcgsıanem ticamyygaemriks geligvij edim IykCMnYy «du l ar» k*enaetsem ccag~kefi x Án g ehiyelikkmhusenhetadak' 'elakln'-nl' facacnk t'etavij. KWBIe JHdUcEtCnCatilav qapple ÁtenAxagelI EdlENnSExµr[kab'yYn edim I[yYnelbTwkdI es csihnuk*catuk ẗtabJç ËlrUbrbs'yYndUcK~a. es csihnu tuv yyn subyk BlwgtSgBIyUryarNas'mkehIy. xm sumefi sarvnerogtsgbiedimq~s1969eligvij Exkum :q~s1969 sem csihnuvnsresrgtƒbtvicarn kfaedayx Án g enak~ gtsßnavdi rdωle Sangkum edaydak'cmn gecigfa La curée (karkab'k alst evh[eq karcullukrat t at, evssmgatb n'rwbgus). enak~ ggtƒbtenah sem csihnu VnbJÇak'CaGaTifa «enaeblnaedlkgt&bgaemriksgecjput BI NÎ ËcinGs'eTA kgt&bevotnamxagecignwgculmkratt atev ssmgatena betskmı CaKµansl'GI eliy...». enhminkwcasjôa jak'ep~krbs'es c [CnCatiExµrkab'sm ab'yyn nigculgaemriks get? VtukmµenAxagmuxs Ëb«saFarNrdΩExµr» q~s1970 f 18mina1969 KWCa f Edlsem csihnu[sjôaepi g exovmkgaemriksg edim ITm ak' Kab'EbkeTAelIeyokkugenAtam BM btl' (tambt manedlxm VnTTYlBI Kb'TisTI, Kab'EbkTSgenH e cinf ak'etaeli bcacnexµr, minsuvcavn tuvetaelik aleyokku gb" unµanet). etahcay"agnaki, f «18mina» TSg1969 TSg19-70 KWCa f e CIserIsrbs'sem csihnu, minemnrbs'elakln' nl'et. edayes ccatuk ẗtarbs'yYn f 18minaenHk*Ca f e CIs erisrbs'yynedim IBYkvaGacb n'twkdikmı CaVnedayesrIenaHEdr. ena f 18mina1970, enak~ gyn ehahsuevotmyy EdldwknS es csihnubiti kugmusapple ËeTAeb"kSg, sem c BH bmuxrdωexµrvnsmer cbegi trdωapivleyokkugmyycamyysem ceb"n-nut ehiynigg~ km~agm" Unik. tetaenhkwcasmdirbs' Tg'pÊal'eTAkan'G~km~ag «et! et! (xm BHkruNa xm VnEf g) ena Kb'eBlNa@TSgG s' eblenhbm uemncaebledleyig tuvlak'x ÁnBYkGatµaenaHeT BYk

3 eyignwg tuvefåaletasca bvti sa s bsinnaehiyebieyig GnuJÔat [kmı Cak ayetacamin twmetcagmnacp ac'kareyafab" u- enâahet EteTACadIGaNaniKmsaCafI µm getot. ebjmyycivitrb semi s mnwgkar byutïtsfl U C rbs' betsxm edim I kra. xm BM uemncag~kteni m krac BIVrSgykmk evhbg'ecalenaeblenhetavijet. racaniymmin tuvqmqr enae ka sevonenaheliy. Cakarc as'nas' c kbti niymgaem riksgnwg tuvttylbrac&ybhecigena NÎ Ëcin ehiyeyig tuvetcul blëkk~ gkar byutïtsfl UenH. GaemrikSgnwg tuvttylbrac&y edaybykevotnamnigbykexµr khmrbs'eyig EdlrYbrYmK~aTSg Gs'CamYynigeyIg. cmenkbykv"eftlav nwgc as'cavnecak C&yenA betslav. KWCakrNiykicçrbs'raCaniym Edl tuvena xag bcara s». rubxageli sem csihnu nigelak Eb"n-nut kmbugefi escki bkasbegi t«racrdωapivlryb ksg, ExåsPaq~S rubxage kam s- em csihnujjwmb rymcatikmı Ca» (GR- UNK) enati kugeb" JykMBugelIkbg ajrdωfmµnujô n racrdωapivlfi µ. «m" Unik sab'etyl'jk smdirbs'xm myyrmebc. eyigggappleÿy efi karenabimuxtumyy, m" UnikenAEk rxagxm cmenkeb"n-nutenacmbimu xxm. enaebledlyn ehahrbs'eyig ehahelikmbs'10,000 Em" t enaelivallmh n si uebriy"a xm k*cab'epi m JgesckI Ef g karn_myy EdlCaesckI GMJvnav[mankartsfl U ( kkn smerk bisacedleha bcara s Exµr [rt'cul Bm"aKI edim IeFI sh bti bti karcamyyeyokkug ), Ca ksarmyymant m bvti sa s esi µnw gescki GMJvnavrbs'åt mesniy dwekȧal ena f 18mifuna Edl eha bcara s VrSg [egibqrelig byutïtsfl UnwgBYkQ anjn NasI u. xm ëenacsvnfa KµannrNam~ak'VnniÂnÊaeTk~ gkarefi dmenir enh. BYkeyIgsi ƒtenak~ gsƒanpabrmepibjab'j&r cbuk cbl' EdlminGnuJÔat[niÂnÊaVn. enaebledlm" Unik, sem ceb"n-nut ehiynigx ÁnxM ëefi karminqb'qredim IbJçb'esckI Ef gkarn_enh Edlnwg tuvpßaytamvit (eb"ksg) ena f TI23mina» (dk sg'ec jbi «My war with the CIA» by Norodom Sihanouk - p. 28). eyagtamgtƒbtxagelienh xm Vnseg texijfa ena f TI18 mina1970 sem csihnue tkgrsb ayx SgNas' Tal'Etedk minlk' k~ g bkarvnk ayx ÁneTACaes ceyokkug. sem csihnu manescki rmepibjab'j&r edayvnsmerckmeragkarn_myy Edl Kat'mankarb" unb"g Vf~aBIyUrmkehIy KWk ayetacaes c khm. duec~hkmeragkarn_ «Tm ak'es c» ena f TI18mina1970enH CaKMera gkarn_rbs'kat' minemncarbs'åt mesniyln'-nl'et KWCa El gfi ınep~kmyy EdlGnuJÔat[Kat'rt'eTAeFI es ceyokkug. eyigvil tlb'mk f TI18mina1970eLIgvij. es csihnux Á n gcag~kjḧhjg' nigcag~k[epi gexovetaelak Henry Kissinger edim ITm ak' Kab'EbkeTAelITwkdÍ n betskmı Ca enak~ gkicç btibti karsmgat' nrdωkarnicsun (e kamkaretistal'rbs'elak bfana FibtInicsun elak Melvin Laird rdωmâni karjr bets nige kam kar bqsgrbs'elak William Rogers rdωmâni karbrets. «Operation Breakfast commenced on March 18 (1969). The following day Kissinger was, according to Haldeman, «beaming» as early reports showed that the compaign was a success. In the fourteen nonths following the commencement of the bombing in March 1969, the United States conducted 3,630 B-52 bombing raids in Cambodia territory» (Excerpt from «The Flawed Architect, Henry Kissinger and American Foreign Policy» by Jussi Hanhimäki, Oxford University Press p ). TSgGs'enHCaPs ẗtagmYyb" unp~ M EdlbgȧajGMBIesckI esµah tg' rbs'åt mesniyln'-nl', ejlkwelakbm uvnsfl u KlM ucamy ygaemriksg edim IB giksâgappleamculk~ gtwkdikmı CaenaHeT EtKWs em csihnucag~kefi x Án g. KYr Cabfa enasm&y f TI18mina19-69 vasna n betskmı CaVn tuvek abk ab'edaysem cvsgbirub EdlsuTÏswgEtCae TOg-mijy"ag bgappleb'x Ánk~ g BHraCvSgExµr sem cbvresdωamhasm ti swn-san CardΩmÂnI ksyg karbrets nigcasƒabt kr nrcnasmı &nïesdωkicçkumµÿynis enak~ gsgapplemra s niymrbs'es csihnu. sem cswn-san VnEN ns[sihnukat'tutcamyynwggaemriksg enaebledlgaemriksgena ebjkm Sgp l'cmnyy ehiyenns[es csihnu tuvr" UvCamYyGaem riksgeligvij enaebledlgaemriksght'enoy (dkt&becjbi NÎ Ëcin). KWsem cswn-san (minemnåt mesniyln'-nl') Ed lvncrcadak'tutcamyygaemriksgeligvij (CamYyelak Chester Bowles) enap~ MeBj Exmkra1968 EdlkalenaH elakswnsanmanzan:cardωmâni TI1. duec~h KWsem cswn-sanedlvn ENnSkmı CaeTArkbraC&y np ËvkarTUt ejl[f ak'k~ gepi gsâgappleam

4 GaemrikSg-yYn edayeliketaskmhustm ak'etaeliåt mesniy ln'-nl'. sem cc ki jwk-cul g GKapplebJÇakarkgT&BEdlVnbegI t Bwti karn_sm ab'exµr khmenasmlëty"agrgappleal Gs'cMnYnbIJn' nak' ehiytm ak'kmhusetaeliåt mesniyln'-nl'duck~a. sem ctsgbirxagelienh bnêab'bivn b Bwt å kwdωkmµrycehiy k*vnrt' etabynsm MenA betsvrsg (1969) edim Irg'cSemIl betskmı - CaremolF ak'etak~ ge CaHmhn ray. sem c si swgapplearecah avsg Eb"n-nut CardΩmÂnI TI1rbs' sem csihnu ena f TI18mina1969 enap~ MeBj ehiyk*cardωmâni TI1rbs'es csihnudedl ena f TI18mina1970 ena kugeb"ksg. rdωapivleb"n-nutenap~ MeBj CardΩaPiVlEdlVnsm ab'bykexµr khmy"ag B pß EtE bk ayetacardωapivlexµr khmetavij ena kugeb"ksg EdlmanParkicçelIkT&ByYnmkvay bharåt mesniyln'-nl' nig kumnisßitvtukrenap~ MeBj GMBIbTå kwdωbir y"agedlbykekvn b Bwt KWGMeBIk t'caticulgaemriksg (Tm ak' es c) nigkarsm ab'yyn. KWdUcCaBiFIykVys aetalabmat'b- EBrdUec~aH munnwgbegi tsâgappleam bl&ybucsasn_exµr! sjôaexijti2 BiPBelakTSgmUl ehiysum IEtCnCatiExµr x Án gk*vnexijfa elakln'-nl'sm ab'yynedr. tamescki BitKWyYneTAvijeT (BYkevotNamkumµÿynis ) EdlVnVj'sm ab' yynk~ava cgs abesky"agrgappleal (KWBYkevotNamkatUlikcMnYn5 Jn'nak') ehiyyketatm ak'y"ages ks Hx~an'x~ab'k~ gtwkten em- Kgapple rhutdl'salagenag~kelogebikbrq gkat'esi ÊrminrYc Caeh tubn al[bipbelaktsgmulefåaletasrdωapivlln'-nl' fa CardΩaPiVl «Xatkr». duec~hyynvay bhardl'efi m bmat' n betskmı CaeTAehIy EtelakemT&BExµr tuvekcg dcab' Kµan[ efi GI ekiteliy. enak~ g Bwti karn_ cbuk cbl' n «f 18mina1970» BYkVtu krenap~ MeBj mankarp&yvrm fasem csihnuyagmkvij mkp nêa etasbykx Án. em" ahehiybykek semi s mexijåt mesniyl n'-nl'camnusßx Sg edim ITb'Tl'nwges cqapple ÁtlIla. dl'ekexi jyyns ab'gen ttwk ekk*ecofaelakln'-nl'camnusßx SgbeN ayeta ejlkwca«xatkr»sm ab'yyn. cmenkelakåt m esniyln'-nl'vijnwksµanetbykvtukr ehiynigkuntahanrb s'elak Cul d CuleCIg Bie JH Bwti karn_«kab'yyn»enh Vn ekiteligbnêab'bivtukmµ bqsgnwgvt maneyokkugenaelitwkdikmı Ca (eday bkarvaysƒantuteyokkugenap~ MeBj). k*b" uen xm man Ps ẗtage cinnas'edlbgȧajfa karkab'sm ab'yyntsgenh BM u EmnExµrCaG~keFI et TI1- ena f TI20mina1970, (bnêab'bikardktmeng BH bmux rdωtamp Ëvc ab' edaybyk kumg~ktmnagra s ) xm VncUleTAk~ gpêh åt mesniyln'-nl'enatmnb'twk. enatilane kayekhsƒan mantsgeragesnafikarben ahgasn~myy. enaeblenah BYk kum emtahanvnykbjçamyyrbs'elakåt mesniy mk[xm Gan ( CaPasaVrSg) «Ordre à toutes les unités combattantes de ne pas faire la répression par les armes»(«bjçaetadl'kgt&b byu TÏTSgGs' min[efi sâgappleamedaye KOgGavuF»). duec~helakln'- nl'minvnbjça[sm ab'nrnatsggs' etahyynki ExµrkI TI2- sumgan ksarmyyrbs'vrsg, rbs'elak Jean Morice «vamanlmnshak'duccafa enaebledlkmhwg bcara s Exµr ekiteligehiy manbykp~ak'gareyokkug EdlVneq øt{kasnwg Bwti karn_enh edim Ibg ilkmhwgmhacn [ep atetaelibykevot NamkatUlik Edlmin BmbeN ayx Án[lg'eTAk~ gkarexasna rbs'bykkumµÿynis «cmenkkardwknsp l'es øg (eta[eyokkug) EdleFI elig edaycyrlankamij "gcae cin EdlcakecjBIkMBg'EpP~ MeBj nig CYrLankamIj "gd TeTot EdldwkPs PardUcK~aBI kugkmbg'esamk* tuvvnpìakbjœb'. CalTÏpl, BYkkgT&Bkumµÿynis evotnam k*cab'epi msmrukculmkedndixagk~ g BmTSgeFI karrwbcan'dl' b CaCnExµr EdlBYkeKbMPitbMP&yKMramkMEhgedaycugGavuF. rub ftcae cinedlevhbumıpßayedayggapplekarbt manepßg@ Vnbgȧa jbik alexµr EdleKkat'edatenAelIcMrwgÚsßĬ «m" agvijetot BYkP~ak'garviTÏgßnakumµÿynis (Exµreyokmij) k*vnrt'culmk besc bsac culmkk~ gedndixagk~ g bets pgedr k~ g bkarbmpusbmpul [mankarbhevr bqsgnwgrdωapivl ln'-nl'. kalbí f TI11nig12mina1970, BYkP~ak'garyokmij enhvncmruj[mankarbixatrgappleal etaelicmenam bcacnyynka tulik EdlminEmnCakumµÿynis enakmı Ca k~ g bkarefi smıafn_[ BYkenHcUlk~ gcyrkgt&beyokkug ehiyeq øt{kasenah bg Ëc eqµahrdωapivlenap~ MeBj» (Cambodge, du sourire à l'horreur - p.206). ekvnecatåt mesniyln'-nl'fa CaG~kbegI tsâgappleamena sukexµr (edaytm ak'es c). edim IeFI sâgappleamenakmı Ca ek tuvman kt abiry"agedlelakln'-nl'kµan KWkt acsvc' (Condition né cessaire) nigkt a Kb' Kan' (Condition suffisante). kt atsgbir enh KWzitenAk~ gkn ab' dps-yusgdug enahet kt acsvc' ps-yusgdugmankgt&b20mw unnak'ena BM btl'k mı Ca bdab'edaye KOgGavuFe sactsgbik aldl'ecig kt a Kb' Kan' ps-yusgdugmanes cexµrqapple Átm~ak' eqµahnera t m-sihnu, Edlcg'bMerIbdivt n_eyokmij edays~grac BIhU-CI mij. edaydutkmı Ca[eTACaepHpg' nig[f ak'etak~ gshb&nïkumµ ynis NÎ Ëcin es csihnumansgùwmfa nwgvnefi «es cstu cesi gesayrac nkrbi» BmTSgGacteNI mrac bl &g Exµr yk mkf aysgßarefi m bmat' siyyneyokkug Monique Izzy. e JH ebledlsihnurt'ecal suk ena f TI6mkra1970, sihnuminv nxwgnwgåt mesniyln'-nl'et Etxwgnwgm ayx Án gedlvn hamxat'x Án min[elig KgraC CamYynwgG~km~agm" Unik.

5 «kunvnsn adl' bcanura s fa minvil tlb'mkracbl &g vi jet. ebikuncg'elig KgraC vijnaeblenh vatal'etkunedircan' eliexµacem"» enhcasmdiedlmhakß tiyanikusum:vnef getakan'es csihnu enamun f 18mina1970. ehiy bvti sa s k*vnbgȧaj[exijfa sem c«vnedircan' eliexµacem"bitemn» Can'elIexµacEm"EmnETnpg BmTSgCan'eTA eliexµacmata-matupumirbs'x ÁneTotpg.