Pénzügy-Számviteli szaknyelv (angol) Unit One Section C ACCOUNTING TÁV4/Accounting 1. How many of these words do you know? Match the and words (1) acquire A. pénzügyi (2) condition B. feltétel (3) decision C. eljárás (4) demand D. haladás, fejlődés (5) financial E. nyújt (6) improve F. belefoglal, tartalmaz (7) include G. megszerez (8) insurance H. biztosítás (9) interpret I. szállítmány, készlet (10) process J. követel, igényel (11) progress K. értelmez, magyaráz (12) provide L. javít, fejleszt (13) record M. feljegyzés (14) supplies N. döntés 2. Match the synonyms in Column A and Column B Column A Column B (1) to acquire A. to possess (2) cost B. resource (3) to own C. buying (4) Profit and Loss Account D. expenditure (5) purchase E. income (6) revenue F. amount (7) source G. to buy (8) stock H. electricity, water, gas (9) sum I. Income Statement (10) Utilities J. supplies 3. Read the passage carefully and supply the missing words from the list below accounting financial decisions management taxes services supplies economic progress creativity recording condition process strategies
Accounting is the recording, classifying, summarising and interpreting of (l)... events and transactions to provide (2)... and other interested parties with the information they need to make better (3).... Transactions include the buying and selling of goods and (4)..., acquiring insurance, using (5)... and paying (6).... Transactions may be recorded by hand or in a computer system. Bookkeeping involves the recording of (7)... activities. It is a rather mechanical (8)... that does not demand much (9).... Bookkeeping is part of (10)..., but accounting goes far beyond the mere (11)... of data. Accountants classify and summarise the data, interpret and report them to management. They also suggest (12)... for improving the financial (13)... and (14)... of the firm. 4. Read the passage carefully and then match the users and the reports In basic terms, accounting is information given to various users (inside and outside the organisation) about the economic activities of the firm. Accounting has been called the language of business, but it is also the language used to report financial information about non-profit organisations such as churches, schools, hospitals and government organisations. The information is provided to a large number of users for different purposes. Users (1) Government authorities (the tax office) (2) Owners of a business (3) Banks and other lenders (4) Managers of a firm Type of report A. Detailed financial statements and various internally used financial reports B. Tax returns C. Required reports on the financial position of the organisation, a business plan D. Financial statements found in annual reports (the balance sheet and the income statement) Unit Two/Section A 5. Match the and the terms and expressions (1) Számlatükör A. is referred to as (2) főkönyv B. render a service (3) bevételek C. chart of accounts (4) szolgáltatást nyújt D. ledger (5) úgy nevezik, hogy E. place together (6) kézi F. liabilities (7) költségek G. easy identification
(8) felmerült költségek H. maintain an account (9) eszközök I. owner s equity (10) kötelezettségek J. assets (11) számlát vezet K. expenses (12) saját tőke L. costs incurred (13) összerak M. revenues (14) könnyű azonosítás N. manual (15) hozzáférhető, elérhető O. available Unit Two/Section B ASSET ACCOUNTS 1. How many of the following words and expressions have you heard? Match the and words and expressions (1) medium of exchange A. névérték (2) certificate of deposit B. csereeszköz (3) face value C. folyószámla-egyenleg (4) balance of current account D. letéti jegy (5) cash in hand E. pénzes utalvány (6) money order F. pénztári készlet, házi pénztár (7) coins G. postai utalvány (8) inventories H. bankjegyek (9) cash register I. pénztárgép (10) postal order J. érmék (11) banknotes K. számlakövetelések, szállítók (12) promissory note L. készletek (13) accounts receivable M. saját váltó (14) prepaid expenses N. kopás (15) wear and tear O. előre fizetett költségek 2. After you have done the exercise above, read the passage and fill in the gaps with the appropriate terms from the table above Some of the most commonly used asset accounts are as follows: Cash, which consists of money and any (1)......... that a bank will accept at (2)....... Included are coins, banknotes, cheques, postal and (3)......, certificates of (4)..., and balances of (5)....... Cash kept in a (6)...... or safe is called (7)......... (US cash on hand). Notes Receivable are promissory notes. A (8)...... is a written promise to pay a definite sum of money at a fixed date. (9)...... (GB Debtors) are accounts of goods and services sold to customers on credit that are due for payment in the near future, e.g. in thirty days or on the first of the month. Inventory (GB Stock) is the name of the accounts of what a firm has in stock (materials, goods, etc.).
Prepaid Expenses. Companies often pay for goods and services before they receive or use them. Typical (10)...... are prepaid insurance, prepaid rent, prepaid taxes, and prepaid wages. 3. Match the synonyms in Columns A and B Column A Column B (1) Accounts payable (US) A. wages (2) Accounts receivable (US) B. Stock (GB) (3) Cash on hand (US) C. receive (4) costs D. Promissory notes (5) Inventory (US) E. pay in advance (for sg) (6) maintain an account F. keep an account (7) make a deposit (on sg) G. expenses (8) Notes receivable H. Debtors (GB) (9) obtain I. Creditors (GB) (10) salaries J. Cash in hand 4. Translate the following sentences into referring to the passages above (1) A készpénzszámla érmékből, bankjegyekből, csekkekből stb. áll. (2) A folyószámla-egyenleget és a letéti jegyeket a bank névértéken fogadja el (3) A váltókövetelés egy írásos (írott) ígéret egy meghatározott összeg kifizetésére. (4) Egy számlakövetelés hitelbe eladott áruk és szolgáltatások számlája. (5) Az előre fizetett költségek kifejezés azt jelenti, hogy fizetünk az árukért és szolgáltatásokért mielőtt megkapjuk vagy használjuk azokat. 5. Now read the following passage Land, Buildings, and Equipment. Separate accounts should be maintained for land and buildings. Although a building cannot be separated from the land it occupies, a building is subject to wear and tear and therefore has to be depreciated but the land is not. There are also separate accounts for each type of equipment. For example, changes in the value of desks, chairs, and office machines are recorded in an account called Office Equipment. The Store Equipment account records increases and decreases in counters, shelves, showcases and similar items. There may be other accounts such as Machinery and Equipment or Trucks and Automobiles. Cash, Notes Receivable, Accounts Receivable, Prepaid Expenses, Land and Buildings and Equipment are the most commonly used accounts to record the assets of a company. 6. Find the expressions for the following terms in the passages above (1) külön számlák az épületekre (2) fizikai kopásnak van kitéve (3) a gépek értékváltozása (4) az épület értékcsökkenési leírását el kell végezni hasonló tételek növekedése és csökkenése
7. Match the asset accounts and their definitions Account names (1) Prepaid Expenses (2) Accounts Receivable (3) Notes Receivable (4) Cash Section C Definitions A. Money and any medium of exchange accepted by a bank at face value B. A written promise to pay a definite sum of money at a fixed date C. Accounts of goods and services sold to customers on credit D. Goods and services paid for before getting and using them LIABILITIES ACCOUNTS Another important term in accounting is liabilities. Liabilities are what the business owes to others. You can more easily understand what liabilities are when you review a list of the most commonly used accounts of liabilities. 1. Match the and terms (1) Unearned Revenues A. változások a saját váltóban (2) changes in promissory notes B. a kötvények széles választéka (3) operating cycle C. előlegből származó jövedelemszámla (4) make a deposit on goods D. működési ciklus (5) services to be rendered in the future E. előre fizet a szolgáltatásokért (6) pay in advance for services F. a jövőben teljesítendő szolgáltatások (7) accrued expenses G. foglalót ad az árukra (8) debentures H. ingatlanra adott jelzálogkölcsön (9) property mortgage I. vállalati kötvények (10) a wide variety of bonds J. halasztott költségek 2. Read the following passage carefully Notes Payable is the name of the account which record changes in promissory notes that the company owes to creditors within the next year or operating cycle. Accounts Payable (called Creditors in Great Britain) represent amounts owed to creditors, which are the result of the purchase of goods or services. Other Short-Term Liabilities (which may also be Accrued Expenses) include Wages Payable, Taxes Payable, Rent Payable, and Interest Payable. When customers make deposits on (pay in advance for) goods or services to be delivered in the future, this is recorded in the Unearned Revenues account.
Long-Term Liabilities. The most common types of long-term liabilities are debentures, bonds or property mortgages. A wide variety of bonds has been developed to finance special needs, which makes it difficult to classify them. Section D EQUITY ACCOUNTS 1. Match the and terms (1) sales revenues A. jutalék (2) commissions B. jogdíjak (3) royalties C. értékesítés árbevétele (4) rental revenues D. befektetések számlája (5) investments accounts E. bérletidíj-bevétel 2. Now read the following passages As we know, what remains after deducting all liabilities from total assets is called owner s equity. As several transactions affect owner s equity, it is important to separate these transactions by type. Equity accounts include Revenue Accounts and Expense Accounts. Revenue Account is where revenues from all sources are recorded. This includes sales revenues, rental revenues, commissions, royalties, and other revenue sources. Revenues are also included in the Income Statement, which is called Profit and Loss Account in Britain. Expense Account is where the expenses of running the business are recorded, including such items as wages, rents, travel, insurance, supplies, advertising, and utilities. Expenses are recorded with revenues on the income statement. Equity accounts are often divided into the following components: (1) Issued capital (the capital invested by the owners), (2) Reserves, and (3) Net Profit (the Profit and Loss Account), which connects the Income Statement with the Balance Sheet. They can include Investments Accounts and Withdrawal Accounts (these latter, however, are not used by corporations).