15 2 181-206 2019 / Taiwan International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 181-206 Summer 2019 馬來西亞經濟發展的思路與策略 1970 1981 2009
182 15 2 2019/ 壹 前言 1957 3,240 68.8% 61.3% 劵 2017 6,120 International Islamic Financial Market, 2018 1 2008 2017 2008 2009-21.19% Najib Razak New Economic Model, NEM Melaka Gateway Project East Coast Rail Line Project, ECRL 2010-2017 GDP 4.98% 2010-2016 3.32% 2017 CPI 3.8% 4,132 2,179 1.23% 25 60.9% GDP 3.0% GDP 25.5% GDP 20.3% ADB, 2018 One Malaysia Development Berhad, 1MDB 1MDB 2009 100% One 1 Shariah Haram
183 Malaysia 2 1MDB 2015 2018 Mahatir Mohamad GDP 50.8% 2017 3 1 1960 1980 1986 GDP 1 % 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2015 2016 2017 GDP -- 5.99 7.44 9.01 8.86 6.98 5.03 4.22 5.9 * (2010100) GDP (US$) 5.54 ** 4.95 3.17 17.82 16.07 10.42 0.25 1.15 -- 234.92 357.66 1,774.74 2,440.59 4,045.17 9,071.36 10,739.5 11,028.2 -- CPI 0.1 1.8 6.7 2.6 1.5 1.7 2.1 2.1 3.8 *** -- -- -- 4.50 **** 3.00 3.25 3.10 3.44 a (% GDP) -- -- -1.1-2.0 9.0 10.1 3.1 2.4 3.0 World Bank 2018 Asian Development Bank 2017, 2018 Trading Economics 2018 *EPU 2017 4.3% 4.8% **2016 ***EPU 2017 2.0% 3.0% ****DOSM 2018 3.6% 3.8% 2 3 sovereign wealth fund, SWF 2018
184 15 2 2019/ 10 2017 Port Klang 1,197 20 TEUs 11 2016 West Port 10 19 2018 2002 Malaysia My Second Home Programme, MM2H 10 2002 2017 8 MM2H 9,902 27.6% 12.2% 10.5% Ministry of Tourism and Culture Malaysia, 2013 10% SST GST 1969 New Economic Policy, NEP 貳 馬來西亞各階段經濟發展的思路與表現 1980
185 10 1957-80 1981-2003 4 2004-2017 1966 1966-70 1969 5 13 NEP 2011 2001 5 NEP 2017 4 5 Sundaram Wee 50 1972
186 15 2 2019/ 1981 1970 6 1 1970-2008 2008 21.9% 36.7% 41.4% 34.9% 7 Sundaram & Wee, 2014 Sundaram Wee 2014: 89 1 1970 2008 National Development Policy NEP 2020 6 7 Bumiputera 2010 67.4% 24.6%
187 1. Look East 2. ISO 3. Malaysia Incorporated Policy 10 Fourth Malaysia Plan, 4MP, 1981-85 Fifth Malaysia Plan, 5MP, 1986-90 Industrial Master Plan, 1986-95 Action Plan for Industrial Technology Development, APITD 2005 1990 1991-2000 2020 1991-2020 30 1996 R&D GDP 0.22% 2015 1.30% Index Mundi, 2018 1990-2000 7.2% 5 1983-2000 109 79 BOT BT 328 2014
188 15 2 2019/ 1998 2011 Tesco Jusco 2017 2006 Abdulla Badawi Johor state Iskandar Development Region, IDR Iskandar Malaysia Wikipedia, 2018 2,217 2014 Johor Bahru City Center 2 2018 3 674.89 61% 39% 6,457 2018 Temasek Khazanah 2 2002-12 5.1% 2009 30% 30% NEM NEP
189 HKTDC 2014 2 2 A Jonor Bahru City Centre B Nusajaya C Western Gate Development D Eastern Gate Development Pasir Gudang E Senai-Skudai 2015
190 15 2 2019/ 2005-12 2005 65.8% 2012 49.3% 2010 12 National Key Economic Areas, NKEA Performance Management and Delivery Unit 12 90% 100% 1-5 2020 8 GDP 20% 2018 98.5% 5 micro enterprise 76.5% 89.2% 5.3% DOSM, 2018 NEP 2014 3 4 8 200 75 5
191 3..
192 15 2 2019/ 1957-80 1981-97 1998-4 20 NEP 1990 2000 3 3.. % 5 60 100 15 60 5 10 70 100 MIDA 2018
193 參 面對中國一帶一路在馬來西亞的龐大投資 2013 One Belt One Road 2015 Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, AIIB 2018 130 9 East Coast Rail Line, ECRL 1,000 10 2018 Trading Economics, 2017 5 SPAD, Land Public Transport Commission 2016 5 9 10 130 688 2014 1,000 Forest City 70 2018
194 15 2 2019/ 2016 5 31 11 2017 2016 2017 2017 4 1MBD 12 277 2018 1. 130 2. 108 3. 38 4. 35 5. 33 2015 China-Malaysia Port Alliance, CMPA 6 9 11 2017 11 12 Bandar Malaysia 2017 5 Kuala Lumpur-Singapore High-Speed Rail, HSR 350 2
195 4 State Project Company Value (RM, bil) Penang Penang Undersea Tunnel China Railway Construction Corporation Selangor Malacca Penang Second Bridge East Coast Railway Link (from Klang to Kota Bharu) Xiamen University Malaysia Edra Power Holdings (various power plants locally and overseas) Melaka Gateway (port and mixed development) China Harbour and Engineering Corporation China Communications and Construction Company 3.7 4.5 55 Sinohydro Investment 1.3 China General Nuclear Power Group 10 PowerChina International 15 Johor Forest City Country Garden 105 Various other Developments Various 26 Sarawak Bakun Dam PowerChina International 7.5 Pahang Kuantan Port and Malaysia-China Kuantan Industrial Park Guangxi Beibu Gulf International Port Group Kuala Lumpur TRX Signature Tower China State Construction Engineering Corporation Four Seasons Hotel Wan Saiful (2017: 3) China Railaway Construction Corporation 8 3.5 2.5
196 15 2 2019/ 2017 6 肆 政黨輪替後可能面臨的重大經濟議題 10 1MBD Catcha Group 2018 Larmer, 2018 2017
197 Lazada POS Malaysia 2019 Electronic World Trade Platform 2018 2018 10% 2011-2016 FDI 572.7 2018 7 1970-2016 FDI GDP 1990 NEP FDI GDP Department of Islamic Development Malaysia, JAKIM MIDA (2018) 7.. 1970-2016 FDI GDP %
198 15 2 2019/ 伍 台灣與馬來西亞的經貿前景 Institute for Democracy and Economic Affairs, AIEAS 5 24.3 5G 32.3% 2019a East Coast Economic Region, ECER 2007 2018 273.82 52% 11 1,703 2019b 2017 175.5 2016 24.5% 2008 7 2018 2017 124.16 MIDA, 2016; Stander Data, 2018 4 31.67 4 2018 WTO RTA WTA
199 2017 6 5.71% 19.8% 9.1% 7.47% 7.92% 4.74% 2018 2015 97.56 DOSM, 2018 2016 3.7 Khairul, 2017 8 Khairul Akmaliah Adham 2017: 10 8
200 15 2 2019/ B IRCAD-Taiwan 13 2011 Newcastle University Medicine Marlborough College 9 2014 App 2018 EZTABLE Health Supplements GMP 2018 陸 結論 10 2020 2030 13 BenQ
201
202 15 2 2019/ 參考文獻 2011 FDI 1 17-22 2014 15 2 79-128 2005 R&D 124 36-42 2018 https://www.taipeiecon.taipei/article_cont.aspx?mmmid=1201&msid=10010232 76114252722 2018/5/20 2018 145 http://www. ir-basilica.com/ / 2018/6/20 2018 https://www. taipeiecon.taipei/article_cont.aspx?mmmid=1203&msid=1001014110674760655 2018/5/20 2017 4 37-51 2018 WTO RTA http://web.wtocenter.org.tw/page.aspx?nid=126&pid=309164 2018/5/20 2018 1 9 http://m.hktdc.com/business- news/article/ / /imn/tc/1/1x000000/1x0acmrf.htm 2018/5/21 2014 9 2 http://economists-pick-research.hktdc.com/business-news/article/ / /rp/tc/1/1x000000/1x09z48g.htm 2011 8 14-18 2018 92 1 117 https:// www.businesstoday.com.tw/article/category/80398/post/201805160041/92 %20%20 1 2018/6/20 2018 647 https://www.cw.com.tw/article/article.action?id=5089739 2018/8/17
203 2018 BBC 5 15 http://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/world-44107070 2018/6/20 2017 NewsLens 5 15 https://asean.thenewslens.com/article/68002 2018/5/21 2017 5 9 12 https://aseanplusjournal.com/2017/09/12/asean20170912_cmpa/ 2018/5/21 2008 550 36-40 http://www. twse.com.tw/ch/products/publication/download/0001000357.pdf 2018/5/21 2017 8 4 http://www.ehornbill.com/v12/2012-11-06-11-52-08/2012-11-06-11-52-58/8592-20 17-08-05-09-53-30 2018/9/8 2014 https://www. taipeiecon.taipei/article_cont.aspx?mmmid=1203&msid=653653530350111501 2018/6/20 2018 16 1 74-88 2017 7 20 http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/17/12/1/n9914850.htm 2018/8/7 2018 file:///c:/users/tengyy/downloads/ 42c623e9-ffce-4ad7-ac7e-2332ea560893%20(2).pdf 2018/5/21 2017 2017 2019a https://www. trade.gov.tw/world/detail.aspx?nodeid=45&pid=666324 2019/4/17 2019b 2007 2018 1,135 2020 1,100 https://www.trade.gov.tw/world/ Detail.aspx?nodeID=45&pid=666497 2019/4/19 2018 2017 5,210 https://www.trade.gov.tw/world/ Detail.aspx?nodeID=45&pid=636232 2018/5/21 2017 4
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206 15 2 2019/ Strategies of Malaysia s Economic Development Teng, Yuying Lecturer, Center for General Education and Core Curriculum Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei, TAIWAN Abstract The New Economic Policy, NEP to protect the interests of the Bumiputera was implemented to eliminate wealth inequality between races in Malaysia. By the late 1970s the economic growth model was transferred from import substitution to export-oriented. In 1981, industrial upgrading, relaxed foreign investment controls, privatization of enterprises were due to the National Development Policy, NEP. In 2009, Najib ruled the New Economic Model, NEM to deregulate and accelerate market liberalization. It s the third economic reforms and proposes One Malaysia. This article examines the strategies of economic development at various stages since Malaysia s independence, and the study found that economic liberalization has caused the huge capital investment of China s One Belt and One Road to move in, and Malaysia is facing debt pressure. Some major investment plans are suspended, and global Islamic financial services center and Halal food development center are parts of Malaysia s trend industries. Keywords: Economic development of Malaysia, Islamic Financial, Iskandar Development Region, Halal Market