(fi.~ UNITED NATIONS ~' ~ NATIONS UNIES CAMBODIA OFFICE OF THE ~ 11 BUREAU DU HAUT COMMISSAIRE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS "-;:'~-"" Aux DROITS DE L'HOMME AU CAMBODGE $-$~ m$~~~~~ei - ~ -cj... -'" 0 tf ',\ m$~g'i.s~;~g~$:$ro~m$~~g'l.st5~firo~$:$~~~~t5~fi$:$~ n... ~ 44...!I--VG ~ ~ ~ ~ ~,,~ ~ ~ ~:e" ~ COHCHR "AA 0 G~ tigm s.;~ ~OO~..,... ~ G~G~Gi~ unfinitbgmbtmruum~~ut~hmif1mnj1h'tiu~t'1~mmi u "1 unfinitbg leifulbtiju UlBt~9MJBfi~t'1~mmIfJlt9j~91f; mum~'tim1tmmm leifulbut~eitgj~~~rji ~ssm B~ t~ntmiulmmirulrumh~mitlnii~fiulrumm v I v I t~ru "1 unfinitbg Mt~uH'ti~Bmt'1tLULUrutBi~~ t'1~mmi mum~'tirji~ss~hn t~rutt'1rutmgm1tmmmluuint;ft31 UlBtut1JtlJ1m~fIUlmmIrul I t;!m t~rumbijm~t~~m fj!7sm(j(j!!fj7mrfsil[jfgfzjfiffd7t~ruulbnf;rjmrn mmmt~rulnijfib B~1Mmt~ru~Bthu "1 I 1 u I IUlmmIrultBg UlBr;hfitu']fJ1H~finM8t;!mij~B rjnut~mif1mnj1hmmbmittlj~9 t~ru mumf;tgj~ t~hjt~~~bmt'1t'1~mmru~uj~ulb~lutmit9j~ttlht9jei "1 t~mummmbmi,..,alai 0 ~ QQ Q 2gfJ1U~B ~ut31mih~f~buj1u~r1miur2 BUt~g mm~ r1l~~ t'lj~~ru~i~a q1;)'tlnt91mb~fj B u fj1utmg tt1imb~ur1jjumih~ f~8t;!mij~b ~ufjlmir;hfit~g tlnt91mfjlt~h "11mBmIttlJ~tgjei eilhf~mb mitnt LUtm rubttmulm B~ mi truuf~rs BmBUt.@HtgjeirJnu~ rn~r1~mmi "1 V ~ H!ju9iriMlrnt8: wtm8nmrijlmt;!r.um~\:i1t1~81m1 tbiqt:1riii1r;ttgi'il~t;!rn itjrnm8i'il1'ijrnlhrimrunfih~ mb~mlrirgt:1hunt~ 8t1lrirgt1rI1B\:iH n~umh~i'il1tlm1~nmrn8181 '1 n~nmrijlt8: m8lulnnt9itli'ilhhgun m t11umtllnrinrunt:1ntmm tbi nt:1h9jt1tt1rntgtumririiitrnrig lwn 1 1U MtLlnrit:!'rii'ilB lut9mri'\!m i'ilrnni 21y i'il.,, ~\!Joo\!J'1 # 10. Street 302. Sangkat Boeng Keng Kang I. Khan Chamcar Mon. Phnom Penh. Cambodia. Tel: (855) 23987671 1987672/993590/993591 or 216 342 Fax: (855) 23212579 or 213587 E-mail: cohchr~~online.com.kh Internet: www.unhchr.ch/cambodia
tmnagbiess énelakgkáelxafikarttylbnþúksit imnussenakm<úcasgçwmfa ÉksarBiPakSaenH kmbugmankareconelonetamux nwgsmkal;bikarcab;epþimbipaksakñúgn½ysßabnaenakñúgrbetskm<úca GMBI ekalneya)ayrbhµtnð niglkçxnðénkardak;bn nakar. duccarbetsdétetotedr KWmanEtCnRkIRk etedlrgerkahercincagekbiekalneya)ay nigkargnuvtþn_bc úb,nñenh. elaktmnagbiessecocak;fa spabkarn_bc úb,nñ KWCasPaBkarN_mYy EdleKGaceFVI[RbesIreT,Ig)an nig ecocak;fa ekalneya)aynigkargnuvtþn_rbkbedaymnussfm cmebahgñketaskñúgbn nakm<úca GacnaM[ manrbeyacn_dl;sgámkm<úcatamgmul. bbaðacm,gnana GñkeTaskñúgBn nakarkm<úca mancm WruaMér suxpabcuhexsay xvhxatmðúbgahar Twk niggnam½y EdlenHKWCamUlehtucMbg. cmnyngñketasercineliscmnuhrtúv)anxmuxøüncabenþahgasnñkñúgbn nakarrg;camsvnakar GñkxøHRtÚvCab; XuMXaMghYsry³eBlkMNt; ehiycaeroy² BYkeKCab;ecaTBIbTelµIstUctac. CaerOy² CnCab;ecaTRtÚv)antulakarebIksvnakarkM)aMgmux nigedaykµanemfavikarbaretotpg CaBiess enatambnþaextþnanaénrbetskm<úca. enhkwcakarrmelapy:agf n;f relisit imnuss rbs;gñketas nigcakarrbbwtþkmhusqágf n;f r kñúgkic dmenirkarrbs;tulakar. tamfmµta eksegátexibajmankardak;etasf n; cmebahbtelµistuctac enaxn³edlekgac pþnþaetastamcmerisepsg EdlmanlkçN³smrmüCag. sit ibþwg]t rn_mankmrittictycbmput ebitamkargnuvtþn_cak;esþg. karculsyrsuxtukçgñketas nigbirut Cn edayemfavi smacikrküsar nigggákarsit imnussnanaman karritt,itxøamg. Canic kal BiruT CnRtÚv)aneKdak;[enAlayT,MKñaCamYynwgTN it GñkeTasCaGnItiCnCamYyGñk etascaniticn ehiygñketasburscamyygñketas sþi. 2
1- kardak;gñketasercineliscmnuh niggñketas r)aykarn_gmbisßanpabbn nakarénrbetskm<úca RtÚv)anerobcMeT,Ig Ep ktamkarsiksa RsavRCav EdlCaEpñkmYyénkareFVITsSnkic Bn nakary:agetogtat; enakñúgexmina rhutdl;ex kkáda qñam1994 RBmCamYynwgkaresuIbGegátbEnßmeTot rhutdl;exvicäika qñam1994. cmnyngñketaskm<úcatamggs; 1994-2002 cmnyngñketas 6000 1000 2000 0 300040005000 1779 2299 2945 1981 3395 4729 3874 5284 5760 mkra 94 mkra 95 mkra 96 mkra 97 mkra 98 mkra 99 mkra 00 mkra 01 mkra 02 mkra 03 r)aykan_ enhk¾mandak;bba ÚlpgEdr nuvkarrsavrcavmankmnt; etaeligñketascmnyn85 nak; GMBIsPaBkarN_CuMvijkarXuMXaMg niglkçxnðepsg²etot EdlBYkeK)anCYbRbTHenAkñúgBn nakar. r)aykarn_enh)anbgðajfa enakñúgexkbaøa qñam1994 mangñketassrubtamggs; 1981 nak; rymtamggñketas sþicmnyn 93 nak;pgedr RtÚv)aneKdak;Bn nakarsuivilcmnyn24 énrbetskm<úca 2. cab;tamgbieblenah cmnyngñketasmankarekineligcitbidgkw5760 nak; enakñúgextula qñam2002. ebierbóbefobcmnyngñketasetanwggartarbcablrdæedaykitcmnyngñketas kñúgcmenamrbcablrdæ 100/000nak; exijfamankarekineligrbehlbi22 eta 43nak; etahbicatyelxenhmancmnyntab k_eday ebierbobefobetanwgmfümpakkmritbipbelak Edl)an):an;RbmaNKWcMnYn 140 nak; kñúgqñam 2001 2. 2 eyaletaelir)aykarn_edlmantmenaretarkrbfanbn nakarnaeblenah EdlsresrbMepøIscMnYnGñkeTas edim,i)an TTYlfvikarbEnßm duecñhehiycmnynbitr)akd éngñketassrubtamggs; GacmancMnYnticCagenH. 2 ]bkrn_sþibikargpivdæn_ekalkarn_bn nakargnþrcati énmcæmnðlgnþrcati edim,iektmrg;c,ab;rbhµtnðnig ekalkarn_ yutþifm RBhµTNÐ Exkkáda 2001. 3
bc úb,nñenh Bn nakarmyycmnyn mandak;gñketasercinhyscmnuh CaBiessKWmCÄmNÐlEk ERbTI1 CC1 Bn nakarextþbnþaymanc½y Bn nakarrkugrbhsihnu nigbn nakarextþkmbg;fm Ca Bn nakar EdlTMhMGb,brimaénkarrs;enArbs;GñkeTasKW1/7m 2 kñúggñketasmñak; tamkarkt; smkal;kñúg qñam1998 TMhMenH)anfycuHmkenARtwm 0/97m 2 kñúggñketasmñak; enakñúgqñam2001 4. Bn nakarpakercinmanspabcas;rtudertamy:agxøamg. Bn nakarpakercinminmanrbgrwgmam edim,i karbarbrievnbn nakaret,iy. karxvhxatbnþb;xumxamgenaetcabbaðabnþmanrhutmk ehiycatueta bnþb;xmuxamgmanspabtucceg ót b ggitxøamg. GñkeTasxøHRtÚveKdak;[rs;enAtamTIFøa b edktam RckpøÚvedIr xn³edlgñketasdétetot mingaccakecjbibnþb; EdlmanGñkeTaseRcInhYscMNuH enah)anet. GñkeTasRKb;rUbmansiT iecjmkerkabnþb;xmuxamg edim,iykxül;gakasy:agehacnas;k¾ 1 em:agedrkñúgmyyéf 5 b:uenþbbaøtþienh minrtúv)anekgnuvtþtal;etesah CaBiessenABn nakareb:hsiú mcämnðlekerbti1 Bn nakarextþknþal nigbn nakarrkugrbhsihnu 6. kardak;gñketasercinhyscmnuh KWCakarKMramkMEhgdl;suxPaBGñkeTas nam[mankarral dalcmgwqøgekinelig ducca rmas; s<wk nigkarqøgemerakepsg² duccarkunpþasayfm EdleKBinitü exibajmaneraksbaøaenh 14/1 % éngñketassrubkñúgqñam2001 7. bnþb;twk nigkenøgedkrymkña efvi[gñketasrbqmmuxetanwgbbaðagnam½yf n;f r. kardak;gñketasercinhyscmnuh CaFmµtaKW karbba ÚnGñkeTasBItMbn;EdlBYkeKrs;enA nigkarbnßykarsyrsuxtukçbirkumrkysar EdlnaM[mankar KMramkMEhgteTAeTot dl;gñketaskñúgkarttyl)anmðúbgahar. krnienhtrmuv[mankaredah RsayCabnÞan; cmebahkardak;gñketasercinhyscmnuh. mulehtuedlbnþal[mankarekineligéncmnyngñketas Bn nakarenaetcatmrg;énkarpþnþaetascmebahbtelµispakercin etahbicamancmerisepsg²ca ercinetot EdleKGacykmkeRbIR)as;)ank¾eday k¾cmeristamgenahmintan;)andak;bba ÚleTAkñúg 4 r)aykarn_sþibisßanpabbn nakarqñam2001 edayggákarlikadu qñam2002 5 Rbkaselx 217 (sþibikarrkb;rkgbn nakar ) marta 7 x 6 Rbkaselx 217 (sþibikarrkb;rkgbn nakar ) marta 7 x 7 sit imnuss nigbn nakarkm<ca³ r)aykarn_suxpabqñam2001 rbs;ggákarlikadu qñam2002 4
c,ab;km<úcaenaet,iyet 8. ek)anerbir)as;karpþnþaetaskmritgb,rma edaykarpakbin½y nigkarbüür etas etahbicaminmanekalkarn_ennamcarbb½n smrab;kargnuvtþn_rbs;xøün RtÚv)anerobcM[eTACa c,ab;k¾eday. minmanesvashkmn_ EdlCaCMerIssMrab;CnelµIsCaGnitiCn EdlRbBwtþbTelµIsCa elikdmbugenahet etahbicam nþitulakarpakercin nigrdæapi)alsvakmn_[mankmeragrbeptenh Edl GacCYykat;bnßydl;karcMNayk¾eday 9. cmnyngñketaskñúgbn nakarkm<úca qñam1994 nig qñam2002 ExkBaØa 1994 10 Extula 2002 11 l>r Bn nakar cmnyngñketas srub cmnyngñketas RsþI cmnyngñketas srub cmnyngñketas RsþI 1 T3 bitqñam2000 237 20 - - 2 CC1 ebikqñam2000 - - 1284 0 3 CC2 GtIt érbs 157 0 347 198 4 CC3 GtIt T5 255 0 624 0 5 P.J. 36 10 59 + 3 + 6 )at;dmbg 213 10 265 0 7 bnþaymanc½y 92 1 263 13 8 kmbg;cam 123 13 265 0 9 kmbg;qñamg 57 2 126 4 10 kmbt 57 8 176 12 11 kmbg;s<w 59 0 205 2 8 btdæangb,rmarbs; G>s>b sþibi;vifankarénkardak;[enaerkaxmu edayesñi[edahrsaykrnierogrbhµtnðepsg² tam mefüa)aynana²ducca kardak;tnðkmµedaybaküsmdi karbenþjecjedaymanlkçxnð karbin½ycar)ak; karrwbgus karcysculsmngkarxucxat karbüüretas karsakl,g btbba aesvashkmn_ karxumxamgkñúgpþh ehiynigkarbba ÚneTA mcæmnðlrbmulpþúmcaedim. 9 karsiksagmbilt PaB kñúgkarbegáit[mancmerisénkardak;[enaerkaxmucapøúvkar etakñúgrbb½n yutþifm RBhµTNÐénRBH racanacrkkm<úca edaymcämnðlsit imnussggákarshrbcacati qñam1997. 10 tyelxrbs;naykdæanbn nakar RksYgmhaépÞ 11 tyelxrbs;kmµvificmnyyepñkrbhµtnð nigyutþifm enakm<úca (CCJAP). 5
12 kmbg;fm 49 1 98 3 13 knþal 96 6 253 17 14 ekahkug 46 3 79 2 15 RkecH 23 1 125 7 16 mnðlkiri 15 1 98 1 17 RBHvihar 5 0 65 0 18 érbevg 72 1 149 10 19 ebafisat; 44 2 95 1 20 rtnkiri 19 0 98 1 21 esomrab 97 3 566 17 22 RkugRBHsIhnu 60 3 140 14 23 sþwgertg 26 2 98 5 24 svayerog 68 2 143 8 25 taekv 75 5 139 10 sarub 1981 93 5760 328 * cmnyngñketasraykarn_ mkrtwmexmifuna qñam1994 + cmnyngñketasraykarn_mkrtwmexmifuna qñam2002 RbmaNCa 30% éngñketastamggs; mintan;rtúv)antulakarpþnþaetasbibtelµisnamyyenaeliyet BYkeKkMBugsßitkñúgkarXuMxøÜnbeNþaHGasnñrg;caMsvnakar. enhkwcaplvi)akmyyepñkénkic dmenirkarkþi rbs;tulakar EdlmankaryWty:av ehiymyyepñketotkwtulakarkm<úca mantmenaretarkkarbba Ún GñkeTasRtT,b;eTAkEnøgXuMXaMg EdlenHKWCakarGnuvtþn_TUeTAeTAehIy. kargnuvtþn_ebbenh KWpÞúyeTA nwgbtdæangnþrcati nigc,ab;rbhµtnðkm<úcabc úb,nñ EdlEcgy:agc,as;GMBIlkçN³vinicä½y smrab;gnuvtþ cmebahkarxumxøünbenþahgasnñkw ³ :manetecarkmet EdlGacseRmcedaymanEcgmUlehtu [XuMxøÜnCnCab;ecaTkñúgmnÞIrXuMXaMg tamesckþiesñisumrbs;rdægacja ehiymanetkñúgkrniedl)armöxøacerkgcnenahrt;ekcxøünnigedaykµan GVIGac[Fana)anfa CnCab;ecaTR)akdCaRtT,b;mkbgðajxøÜncMeBaHmuxtulakarvij mann½yfasamicn KµankargareFVI KµanRKÜsar KµanTIlMenABitR)akd b edayxøaccncab;ecatenaherbi\t iblelisaksi b elidmenikaresuibgegát. : 6
marta14>1 énc,ab;g untak; etahcamanbbaøtiþenhk¾eday k¾kargnuvtþn_cak;esþgekenaetefvimindwgminb CadEdl sum,ietcnedl RtÚv)aneKecaTRbkan;BIbTelµIstUctack¾RtÚv)aneKdak;Bn nakarry³ebld¾yurrg;camsvnakaredr. 2- suxpab kardak;gñketashyscmnuhcaerogrhutmk enakñúgbn nakarkm<úca KWCakarrYmcMENkd¾FMmYy kñúgkarefvi[xucsuxpabgñketas. etahcaduecñhkþi suxpabk¾rtúvttylrgplb:hbal;f n;f rpgedr edaysarmðúbgaharminrkb;rkan; nigtwks at EdlbBaðaTaMgenHmankarERbRbÜltictYc enakñúgry³ebl 8 qñam cugerkayenh. mðúbgahar nig Twk r)aykarn_sþigmbisßanpabbn nakarénrbetskm<úca )anrkexijfa enakñúgqñam1994 man GñkeTasPaKeRcInsßitkñúg }PaBGt;XøanCanic }. kñúgcmenamgñketas Edl)ansÞg;mti mangñketas 78 )ant ÚjEt rfa BYkeKminmanGaharhUbcukRKb;RKan;eT ehiygñketasercincag 60 )anghgag fa karxvhgaharhubcukkwcabbaðafmbmputetmyykt; EdlBYkeKCYbRbTH. sßankarn_enh minmankarpøas; bþúret. fvikarbcaméf smrab;gñketasmñak;² enaet1000erolcadedl ehiyfvikaenhrtúverbir)as;pgedr smrab;tibajgusdut nigsmöar³smrab;damsø. karsiksarsavrcav)anbgðajfa GñkeTasxøHTTYl)anGahar EdlmanCatikaT,ÚrItictYcbMputKWRbmaNCa 1200kaLÚrI kñúgmyyéf ebierbobefobetanwgkmritgahar RbcaMéf CaGb,rmasMrab;mnusSRbuseBBaJv½yKW 2200kaLÚrI. Bn nakarmyycmnyncybrbthkarxvhxattwkcaxøamg rymtamgbn nakarextþbnþaymanc½y RBHvihar nigrkugrbhsihnu. KMeragfµImYyrbs;smaKmBn nakar Prison Fellowship )an begáit]bkrn_ cermahtwkedayxsac; smrab;dak;rkb;bnþb;bn nakar CC1 nig CC2 etahbicaduecñahkþi k¾ekenaetrtúvemil faetimantwkrkb;rkan;smrab;pát;pág;tamfugcermahtwktamgenahenarduvr)amgedrb et. bnþajlutwksmguy RKb;Bn nakarkm<úca TamTar[mankarerobcMeLIgvij edim,iecosvagkarefvi[rkxvk;dl;rbpbtwksmrab; GñkeTaseRbIR)as; ehiyrtúvmanfvikarsmrab;bg;éføtwk EdleRbIR)as;enAkñúgBn nakar. 7
esvaebtü r)aykarn_sþibisßanpabbn nakarénrbetskm<úca )ansmkal;exibajfa kñúgexkbaøa qñam1994 RksYgsuxaPi)al {RtÚv)aneKraykarN_fa CaGñkTTYlxusRtÚvkñúgkarpþl;esvaeBTüdl;Bn nakartamg Gs;. etahcaduecñhkþi enakñúgeblefvitssnkic tambn nakarnana ekminexibajmanpsþútagnamyy bgðabajfamanesvakmµenahet,iy{. r)aykarn_enah )anelikeligpgedr GMBIsPaBRTuDeRTaméntY GaKarBn nakar karxvhgnam½y nigkarpþl;kmµkre)assmgatmin)anrkb;rkan; CaktþarYmcMENkdl; karefvi[ { suxpabgñketascuhexsayxøamg { edaysmkal;exibajfa mangñketascaercinnak; { nwg RtÚvsøab;edaysarEtkareFVsRbEhsTaMgenH{. critnigtmhménbbaðasuxpab EdlGñkeTas)aneBalGHGag enakñúgqñam1994 KWmansPaB duckñaesþirettamgrsugnwgeblbc úb,nñenh. enaedimqñam2000 naykdæansuxpabbn nakar RksYg mhaépþ RtÚv)anbegáIteLIg. naykdæanenh )anttylfvikarcaercin tamry³tipñak;gargpivdæn_gnþr Catirbs;GU sþali {AUSAID}. etahcaduecñahkþi erkabikarefvibrgagesovepaennamsþibisuxpabbn nakar nigepnkarsþibishrbtibtþikarrvagrksygmhaépþ nigrksygsuxapi)alecj KWmankargartictYcNas; Edl)aneFVI edim,ibegáinkic KaMBarsuxPaBGñkeTas. GñkeTasPaKeRcInelIslubBwgEp kelicmnyyrbs; GgÁkareRkArdæaPi)alnana. enamintan;manekalkarn_ennamc,as;las;enaeliy GMBIkic shrbtibtþikarrvagrksygtamgbir Tak;Tgnwgkarpþl;kic KaMBarsuxPaBdl;GñkeTas. bukálikebtüedlbba Ún[eTAeFVIkarenABn nakar CaerOy²CaGñkEdlmin)anTTYlkarbNþúHbNþalCMnajRtwmRtÚv ehiyxvhfnfancam)ac;epsg² ducca ]bkrn_muldæansmrab;ebtü fñamebtü nigmefüa)ayefvidmenir. GñkeTasmin)anTTYlkarBinitüsuxPaB CaFmµta enaeblbba ÚncUleTAkñúgBn nakar ehiykmnt;ehtuebtüetotesaf k¾min)anrksatuk[)an Kt;mt;Edr. smpar³smrab;gnam½y nigbgáarcm W enaetmankarxvhxatxøamgcadedl. GñkeTasmansiT i TTYl)ansmÖar³eRbIR)as;CaeTogTat;dUcCa kenþl mug sab U.l. etahcaduecñhkþi smöar³erbir)as; mankmritedlføab;)anpþl;[gñketaskalbi 8 qñamknøgmk bc úb,nñenh RtÚv)ankat;bnßymkenARtwm 8
kmrittictyc KWpþl;[EtsMelokbMBak;ÉksNæanBn nakaretb:uenñah. RKÜsarGñkeTas nigggákarerka rdæapi)alnana KWCaRbPBd¾sMxan;énesckþIRtÚvkarCamUldæan duccasab U CaedIm ebikµanvaetnwgbnþal [mancm WesIrEs,kdUcCa rmas; CaedIm. ekmin)andwgc,ab;gmbimulehtuénkarxkxankñúgkarpát;pág; smöar³camuldæantamgenhet,iy k¾b:uenþrbfanbn nakar RtÚveFVIdMeNIrCaeTogTat;mkraCFanIPñMeBj edim,iebikr)ak;smrab;mðúbgahar nigsmöar³epsg² ehiyéføcmnaykñúgkarefvidmenirrtúv)ankat;ecbaj BIfvikarenH. naykdæanmyycmnynrbs;rdæapi)al RtÚv)aneKecaTRbkan;fa)ankat;ykR)ak;CaeRcIn BIxÞg;fvikarTaMgenH edim,ifanadl;karebikr)ak;[)anrh½stan;eblevla. GñkeTassøab;enAkñúgBn nakar nwgrtúvekesuibgegát RbsinebImanehtuplEdleKsgS½yfa mincab;bak;b½n etanwgkarbüa)alebtü kalebic,ab; b btdæangnþrcatitrmúvfa GñkeTasEdlRtÚv Büa)aledayRKÚeBTüÉkeTs RtÚv)anbBa ÚneTAsßab½nÉkeTs b mnþirebtü 12 karenh)anrbrbwtþefvi etacadedl²edaymanpabywty:avbmput enakñúgrbetskm<úca 13. CaFmµta ekbba ÚnGñkeTaseTA mnþirebtü luhrtaetekexijc,as;fa GñkeTasenaHCitsøab;ehIy ebietahbicamuneblbba Ún nigkar ykcitþtukdak;büa)alrtwmrtúv GacCYyse gáahcivitbykekk¾eday. karxvhxatfvikasmrab;dwkcba Ún nigkarxvhgñkyam KWCaehtuplEdleK)anelIkeLIgCajwkjab;. y:agehacnas; mangñketas 48 nak; søab;edaycmgwkñúgqñam 2001. kñúgcmenamgñketas 30 nak; Edl)ansøab; kñúgqñam2001 maneqµahkñúgbba IXuMXaMgenAkñúg Bn nakar CC1 GñkeTasRbmaNCa 25 nak; RtÚv)aneKbBa ÚneTAkan;mnÞIreBTünKr)almunIvgS minyur b:unµanenamuneblsøab;. bnþb;smrab;büa)algñketas enamnþirebtüenhmanspabekþaxøamg nigkµangnam½y Tal;EtesaH. EpnkarepÞrmnÞIreBTüenH etamnþirebtümyyetot enakñúgqñam2002 enamintan;dwgr)akd enaeliy. 12 btdæangb,rmaén G>s>b smrab;rkb;rkggñketas cmnuc 22 13 btdæangb,rmaén G>s>b smrab;rkb;rkggñketas cmnuc 22 9
minmankarykcitþtukdak;cabiess cmebahgñketasedlmancmgwegds_ (HIV/AIDS) EdlCa RbePTCMgWmYyeRKaHfñak;bMput. kñúgqñam2001 mangñketasrbmanca 20 nak; RtÚv)aneKraykarN_fa )ansøab;edaymankarbba ak;c,as; b sgs½yfa edaysarcmgwegds_. ekmintan;exibajman ekalneya)aysmrsbnamyy smrab;gñketasedlmancmgwegds_et ehiykrmexibajmankarelik ElgeTas cmebahgñketasedlsßitkñúgdmnak;kalcugerkayéncmgwegds_nas;. GñkeTasPaKeRcIn EdlpÞúkemeraKeGds_ k¾manekitcmgw»kasniym duccacmgwrebg EdlCaCMgWqøgxøaMgbMput Edlvagay qøgetagñketasdétetotenakñúgbn nakar. 3- karrkb;rkgbn nakar r)aykarn_sþigmbisßanpabbn nakarénrbetskm<úca )anbriyaygmbikarrkb;rkgbn nakar km<úcafaca {rebobrkb;rkghyssm½y EdlbegáItPaBsµúKsµaBaJedayxøÜnÉg>>>CaRbB½n myyedlnam mknuvbbaðacaercinmingacecosput duccatmnak;tmngminl CaTUeTA nigpát;pág;dl;bn nakar silfm rbs;m nþibn nakarenamankmrittab RBmTaMgmin)anTTYlkarbNþúHbNþalRKb;RKan; :. EpñkmYycMnYnénkarRKb;RKgBn nakarmankarrikcmerin. mankarebgeckdac;bikñarvagesva Bn nakar nignkr)al EdlkñúgenaH RbFanBn nakarminefvir)aykarn_etasñgkarrgnkr)almuldæan etotet. kariyal½ykic kartulakar nigbn nakarextþ¼rkúg bc úb,nñenh sßitenaerkamkarrkb;rkg edaypþal;bigpi)alrgti2 extþ¼rkug. erkabienh mankarpþücepþimkmnit edim,ibegáinsmtßpabdl; m nþibn nakar rymtamgtamry³kmµvifirtrtg;tulakar (JMP) rbs;kariyal½y]tþmsñgkarg>s>b TTYlbnÞúksiT imnussrbcamenakm<úca nigtamry³kmµvificmnyyepñkrbhµtn nigyutþifm enakm<úca (CCJAP). etahcaduecñahkþi k¾enamanbbaðaf n;f rbnþmanenakñúgvis½ycaercin rymmannitivifihirbaøvtßú Edl manplb:hbal;y:agxøamgdl;suxpab nigsuxmalpabgñketas bbaðatmnak;tmngmankarywtya:v nig efvi[karrkb;rkgbn nakarmanpabsµúksµabaj bbaðar)ak;ebovtsr_tab lkçxnðkargar nigsmtßpab rbs;m nþibn nakar enaetbnþmancabbaðadedl. 10
mefüa)aydwkcba Ún bbaðafmmyy kñúgcmenambbaðafm²détetot EdlesvaBn nakarkm<úcakmbugcybrbth KWkarxVH mefüa)aydwkcba ÚnGñkeTas. CaerOy² tulakarelikeblsvnakar k¾erbahetgñketasmingacmkculrym)an. bbaðaenh begáinbnþúkdl;karxumxøünbenþahgasnñ nignam[mancmnyngñketasercinhyscmnuhkñúgbnþb;xmuxamg. kñúgkrniepsgetot tulakarebiksvnakarkm)amgmux EdlenHKWCakarrMelaPelIsiT icncab;ecatkñúg karmanvtþmankñúgsvnakarrbs;xøün. riégñketasedlcasaksikñúgkrniepsgetot k¾krmexijman vtþmanedim,ipþl;cmeliy nigedim,i[tulakarsyredbajedalpgedr. bbaðaenhmanspabf n;f rcabiess enaebledlrtúvbba ÚnGñkeTaseTAcUlrYmkñúgsvnakar enasala]t rn_ nigtulakarkmbul. tulakartamgenh tamgenaracfanipñmebj duecñahehiyekrtúvefvi dmenirpøúvq ay nigrtúvcmnayéføefvidmenirx<s; cmebahgñketasenatambnþaextþnana. GñkeTasxøHRtÚv cmnayeblercinqñam rg;camsvnakarenasala]t rn_ ehiyry³eblenhminrtúv)anektutat;sgvibajet RbsinebIBYkeKRtÚv)anelIkElgecaTRbkan;Caykfaehtu. karrbüy)armöenaetman GMBIGñkeTasEdl rg;camsvnakarenasala]t rn_ ehiyedl)anbmebbajry³ebletas Edltulakarextþ¼Rkug)ansMercrYc ehiy KWenAEtbnþCab;Bn nakarrhuttal;etsala]t rn_ebiksvnakar b elikelgkarecatrbkan;. ekgacefvi[mankarrikcmerincadmkmpyn nigqanetarkkarlubbm)at;bbaðatamgenh)an edaybegáit[man sala]t rn_fñak;tmbn; b sala]t rn_cl½t. CaerOy² mulehtucmbgénkarxvhmefüa)aydwkcba Ún KWbBaðafvikasMrab;cMNayelIeRbg\nÞn³ ehiycynkaléføcylrfynþ nigr)ak;benßmelir)ak;]btßmörbcaméf smrab;bukálikbn nakar kñúgkaryamkam enaebldwkcba ÚnGñkeTas k¾duccakarbinitütulakarnana RbB½n dwkcba ÚnGñkeTasenATUTaMgRbeTskm<úCa RtÚvEtbegáIteLIg nigcat;tukcakarrbbajab;. 11
sßanpabdwkcba Ún k¾gacmanplb:hbal;cacmbgpgedr dl;suxpabrbs;gñketas duc)an kt;smkal;xageli GñkeTasEdlmanCMgWF n; ekkrmnwgbba ÚneTAmnÞIreBTüNas; luhrtaetgñkcmgwenah Citsøab;eTIbeKbBa Ún. 4- karkmramkmehgdl;suvtßipabgñketas karmin)anbmebkgñketastam Gayu ept nig btelµis btbbaøtþicabtdæangb,rmasmrab;karrkb;rkggñketasecgfa { cmebahmnþirxumxamgedlttyl yktamggñketasrbus niggñketasrsienah brievnsmrab;dak;gñketasrsirtúvetenadac;edayelkbikña Cadac;xat ehiygñketasekµg² {yuvetaskr {RtÚvdak;[enAdac;edayELkBIGñkeTaseBjv½y{ 14. duc CaenAkñúgqñaM1994 btbbaøtþitamgenh krmmanekgnuvtþtamnas;enabn nakarnana erkaracfaniipñmebj. etahbicatamfmµta GñkeTasRbus niggñketasrsi manbnþb;xmuxamgepsgkñakþi k¾enaeblecbajmkxag erkabnþb; BYkeKGacenAlayT,MKñaedayesrI ehiygñketasekµg² {yuvetaskr { CaerOy² RtÚv)aneK dak;[enacamyygñketasebjv½y 15. mankarxitxmtictycb KµanTal;EtesaH edim,ibmebkecbajbikñarvag GñkRbRBwtþbTelµIstUctac niggñkrbrbwtþbt]rkidæ b GñkCab;XuMXaMgbeNþaHGasnñrgcaMsvnakarBITNÐit EdlenHCakarERbkøayBn nakarkm<úcaetacasala]rkidækmµmyyd¾manrbsit PaBsMrab;ekµg² niggñkedl gayttylrgerkah. enaeblcamyykñaenhedr manplvi)akcatueta edaysarkµangakarrkb;rkan;smrab; dak;gñketas kardak;gñketas[enalaylmkña k¾gacbegáit[mangmebirmelapf n;f r CaBiesskarrMelaP bmbanxagpøúvepteli sþi. karmin)anpþnþaetas cmebahkarefvitarunkmµ niggmebiexarexa GmnusSFm nigedlnam[ )at;bg;tmélcamnuss krnipakercinedl)anraykarn_ Tak;TgnwgkareFVITaruNkmµ nigkardak;tnðkmµ kñúgrubpab exarexa GmnusSFm nignam[)at;bg;tmélcamnuss ekitmanenakenøgxumxamgrbs;nkr)al b:uenþ]b,tþi ehtuenh k¾ekitmanpgedr enakñúgbn nakarnana. ebitamkarsþg;mtiefvieligsmrab;r)aykarn_sþibi sßanpabbn nakarenarbetskm<úca mancncab;ecat 46% )anghgagfa xøün)anttylrgedaykarefvi 14 btbbaøtþicabtdæangb,rmasmrab;karrkb;rkggñketas cmnuc 8 15 bbaðakgvl;catuetamyycmnynenakñúgbn nakar/ kariyal½y]tþmsñg G>s>b TTYlbnÞúksiT imnussrbcamenakm<úca qñam2001 12
TaruNkmµ 65% edaykarvaydm 52% edaykarxumxamg[enaéekadac;biek ehiy 25% etoteday karbba a[efviblkmµhyskmnt; TukCakardak;TNÐkmµxagvin½y. r)aykarn_caercin)anbgðajfa karefvitarunkmµenakñúgbn nakargacmankarfycuh cab;bi qñam1994mk EdlenHCaninñakarmYyKYr[sVaKmn_. etahbicaduecñhkþi k¾ekkt;smkal;exibajehtukarn_ TaMgenH enaetbnþekitmancadedl ehiykarrbüy)armöbmputenahkw minmancnnamñak;rtúv)anpþnþaetas cmebahbtelµisenhet,iy cab;biebledlkariyal½ysit imnussrbcamenakm<úca )ancab;epþimkargarxøam emilbn nakarkm<úca 16. krniénkarpþnþaetasekitmancaelikdmbug kñúgexsiha qñam2002 enaebledl qµambnþnakarcmnyn 5 nak; RtÚv)aneKecaTRbkan;fa)aneFVIkarvaydMGñkeTasy:agF n;f r erkayebledl GñkeTas)anBüayamrt;eKecBaJBIBn nakar. etahbicamanpsþútagcak;c,as; GMBIkMhusrbs;BYkeKkþI k¾qµambn nakartamgenah RtÚv)antulakarelIkElgkarecaTRbkan;Edr. sumemil EpñkxageRkam. karefvitarunkmµ exarexa GmnusSFm nignam[xuctmélcamnussenakñúgbn nkarbc úb,nñenh TMngCamanCab;Bak;B½n ya:gxøamgetanwgbtelµisxagvin½y ehiycabiess KWkarb:unb:grt;eKcecjBI Bn nakar. mankardak;tnðkmµtamtmenigcitþ rymmankarvaydmya:gf n;f r kardak;kmhitelimðúb Gahar nig Twk kardak;exñah nigkarerbir)as;bnþb;tuc nigrtugd¾ceg ótdac;biek. karerbir)as;vifibgçamgelirubkayedayxusc,ab; tamkarsþg;mti Edl)aneFVIeLIgsMrab;r)aykarN_sþIBIsßanPaBBn nakarenarbetskm<úca mancncab;ecat 40% )anraykarn_bikarerbivifibgçamgelirubkay manduccakardak;exñah Cakardak; TNÐkmµ. karerbir)as;vifidak;exñah KWCakarrMelaPeTAelIbBaØtþiCabTdæanGb,rmasMrab;karRKb;RKg GñkeTas ehiynigc,ab;g untak;marta12. karerbir)as;vifibgçamgelirubkay erkabikardak;exñahéd EdlGnuBaØatsMrab;EtkardwkCBa ÚnGñkeTasenaH KWminGacTTYlyk)anCadac;xat. enaxn³edl bbaðaenhhak;mankarfycuh Bn nakarxøhenaminrbmlhbg;karerbiexñahéd exñahecig nigvifibgçamgeli 16 enamunexsiha qñam2002 karpþnþaetas EdleK)andwgCacugeRkay etaelim nþibn nakar BIbTeRbIGMeBITaruNkmµ KWenAkñúgqñaM 1993 kalenahgnurbfanbn nakarextþ)at;dmbg RtÚv)anb:UluIsG untak;cab;xøün ehiy)anpþnþaetasbibterbiigmebihwgsa rymmankarcggñketascab;etanwgedimeqi ehiyykedkekþadutbykek. m nþibn nakarrubenah RtÚv)anpþnÞaeTasdak;Kukry³ eblmyyqñam etahbicaekmin)andwgfa etaskukenahrtúv)anekgnuvtþedrb et. 13
rubkayepsgetot EdlmincaM)ac; CaviFankardak;vin½y b RKan;EtCakarCMnYs[viFankarBRgwgsnþisux Fmµtab:ueNÑaH. Ca]TahrN_ naeblfµi²enh mankrnigñketas 5 nak; RtÚv)aneKdak;exñaHeCIgenA kñúgbn nakar CC3 kñúgbak;knþalqñam2002 CaTNÐkmµsMrab;karb:unb:geKcxøÜnecBaJBIBn nakar. GMeBIhwgSakñúgcMeNamGñkeTas r)aykarn_sþigmbisßanpabbn nakarenarbetskm<úca )anrkexijfamangñketas60% )an GHGagfa minmankarerbigmebihigsacadumkmpyn enakñúgcmenamgñketaset. etahcay:agnak¾eday k¾ bc úb,nñenh manr)aykarn_caercin GMBIqµaMBn nakar nigm nþibn nakardétetot )anepþrgmnacxagkar dak;vin½y[etagñketasmyycmnynedlbykekculcitþ. tamfmµta GñkeTasmñak; b ercinnak;rtúv)ancat; [emilkarxusrtúvtambnþb; ehiygñketasenaherbir)as;tynatienh edim,icmritykmðúbgaharnigsmöar³ erbir)as;epsg²bigñketasdétetot RBmTaMgsMercdak;TNÐkmµtamGMeBIcitþcMeBaHkarRbRBwtþbMBan Edl ek)andwg. karrbrbwtþkmhustuctacducca karceckkñaerkayebléf lic GacnigRtÚvTTYlkarvaydM ehiycabiess GñkeTascMNUlfµI KWCamuxsBaØaénkarvayRbharCaRbB½n. enakñúgkrnif n;f rpakercin m nþibn nakar)anennamgñketas[efvitnðkmµcmebahbtelµisfm² duccakarrt;ekcxøünecbajbibn nakar. kñúgqñam1998 enabn nakarextþérbevg mangñketasmyyrkumrymtamg {embnþb;xmuxamg} pgedr )anvay søab;gñketasmñak;kñúgbnþb;camyykña ehiy)anbgárbyssñamf n;f r dl;gñketasdétetot y:agticnas; k¾ 4 nak; bnþab;bimankarb:unb:grt;ekcecbajbibnþnakarenah. qµambn nakarrtúv)anekraykarn_fa manvtþmannaeblenahedr. krnisakl,g³ karcmnmucmrhbtefvitarunkmµenaextþkmbg;cam kalbiéf TI13 ExFñÚ qñam1999 mangñketas5 nak; enabn nakarextþkmbg;cam)anelatepøahrbg kñúgkarbüayamrt;ekcecbajbikuk b:uenþrtúv)ancab;xøünmkvijenaeblpøam²enahedr ehiy)annamxøünrtt,b; etakan;brievnbn nakarvibaj. tamkarbmpøwbigñketasdétetot nigcnrgerkahpþal;)an[dwgfa enaebl enahgñketastamg 5 nak; RtÚvqµaMBn nakarvaydmya:gf n;f r. mankarghgagfa karvaydmenhefvielig enacmebahmuxm nþibn nakar rymtamgrbfanbn nakar nigm nþiebtübn nakarpgedr ehiygñketascaercin nak;epsgetot )anexibajehtukarn_enhya:gc,as;. karefviebbenhkwmanekalbmngdak;tnðkmµpg 14
nigefvi[mankarragcalpg. CnrgeRKaHTaMg 5 nak;enah RtÚv)aneKvaydMya:geRcIn edaydgcbb kmnat;eqi ehiygñkxøhrtúvekdal; Tat;Fak; TH b vayk,aledaydumfµ. y:agticnas;k¾mancnrgerkah 2 nak;edr )anghgagfa xøünrtúv)anmnþirbüa)albn nakar bdiesfminttylbüa)alcm W mñak;manry³ebl 2 éf ehiymñak;etotmanry³ebl 1 s)þah_. ry³ ebl2s)þah_bnþab;bikarvaydm CnrgeRKaHTaMg5nak;enaHRtÚv)aneKGHGagfa RtÚveKedaHsMelok bmbak;gs;tuketexakñúg nigdkhutykkenþl PYy nigmug. GñkxøH)anGHGagfa RtÚveKkat;bnßy rbbmðúbgahar ehiyrtúv)anekdak;[enakñúgbnþb;xmuxamg 24 em:agkñúgmyyéf EdlenHKWCakarrMelaP elibtbba abn nakar ehiykarrmelapebbenh ekitmanya:gticnas;k¾ry³ebl 1 Ex EdrbnÞab;BIkar vaydmrycmk. karbg t;min[guttwk bnþal[gñkxøhekitcmgwesires,k. enaebledlggákarsit imnuss erkardæapi)al likadu )anefvikarsmöasn_myyexbnþab;bikarvaydm eksegátexibajfakñúgcmenamcn rgerkahtamg5 nak; mancnrgerkah 4 nak; enaetmandme)a nigsñamrbyscaercinkenøgenaragkay ehiy CnrgeRKaHmñak;eTotmankarlM)akkñúgkaredIr. kñúgex siha qñam2000 qµambn nakar 5 nak; RtÚv)anecaTRbkan;BIbTrMelaPelIsiT ibukál tam marta57 énc,ab;g untak; EdlhamXat;kareFVITaruNkmµ nigkarrmelapepsg²etaelisiti CnCab;XuMXaMg niggñketas. btelµismcäwmenh RtÚvpþnÞaeTasdak;;Bn nakarbi1qñam eta 5qñaM. cab;tamgbimankarecat Rbkan;mk y:agehacnas;k¾manqµambn nakar2nak;edr )ansmulaqb;bikargar. qµambn nakarmñak; )an GHGagenAkñúgkMNt;ehtusaksYrrbs;ecARkmesuIbGegátfa xøün)anefvikarvaydmenhtambba arbs; RbFanBn nakar. CnsgS½y 3 nak;epsgetot )anbnþbmerikargarcaqµamenabn nakarextþkmbg;cam CadEdl. kalenahrbfanbn nakar minrtúv)antulakarecatrbkan;et ehiyrtúv)anefvikarpøas;bþúr etakan;muxdmengfµi. etahbicabidmbug ekerkagebiksvnakarenacugqñam2001 nig mansmnumbrmþgehiymþgetot BIkariyal½ysiT imnussg>s>brbcamenakm<úca nigrkumggákarsit imnussdétetotk¾eday k¾enaetminman karkmnt;;kalbriec TCak;lak;sMrab;ebIksvnakarenHEdr. kalbiexmifunaqñam2002 elaktmnagbiess )ancybcamyyrbfan nig RBHraCGaCJaGmtulakarextþkMBg;cam ehiy)anelikelig GMBIbBaðayWty:av 15
hysebld¾yurminebiksvnakar. bnþab;bikarcybbipaksaenhmk tulakar)ankmnt; ykéf TI30 ExsIha qñam2002 smrab;ebiksvnakar. enakñúgeblsvnakar GñksegátkarN_énkariyal½ysiT imnussg>s>b RbcaMenAkm<úCa )an kt;smkal;exijfa PsþútagEdl)anbgðajenAkñúgtulakar BitCaRKb;RKan;GaceFVIkarpþnÞaeTas)an b:uenþtulakarenaetsmercelikelgkarecatrbkan;dl;cncab;ecattamg5nak;enah. etahbicaduecñahkþi tulakar)anbgáab;[dak;tnðkmµepñkrdæ)al dl;cncab;ecattamgenah esckþismerctmngcattylsáal; karttylxusrtúvrbs;cncab;ecatenakñúgkrnienh. ecarkmcmnmucmrhmin)anpþl;yutþikmµnamyy eta eliesckþismercenhet. enaxn³eblenahedr CnCab;ecaTTaMg 3 nak; kñúgcmenambykek bnþefvikar garcafmµtaenabn nakarenah. 5- karkmramkmehgdl;sit irsbc,ab;rbs;gñketas karxumxøünhysnitivifi :ry³eblxuxamgbenaþahgasnñ etahsßitkñúgkrninak¾eday minrtúv[hysbibynexet. b:uenþtamkarsmerc EdlmanEcgmUlehturbs;ecARkm ry³eblenhgacbnþdl;r)ammyyex RbsinebI mankarcam)ac;smrab;esuibgegát>>>: marta 14>4 énc,ab;g untak; r)aykarn_sþibisßanpabbn nakarenarbetskm<úca )anrkexijfa kñúgqñam1994 man18 % éngñketasedl)ansþg;mtisßitenakñúgkarxumxøünbenþahgasnñelisry³ebl6ex. GñkeTas2nak; )annigkmbugrg;camsvnakargs;ry³ebl9qñam. etahbicakrnihysehtuenhrtúv)ankat;bnßyk¾eday k¾karxumxøünhysnitivifienaetcabbaðaf n;f r nigekþakkukenatmbn;myycmnynkñúgrbets. rhutmktl;éf TI31Exkkáda qñam2002 manbirut Cn 205 nak; RtÚv)anXuMxøÜnhYsnitiviFI enabn nakar 3 kenøgkñúg RbeTskm<úCa 150nak; enamnþirekerbti1/ 37 nak; enamnþirekerbti2 nigman 18 nak;etotena Bn nakarextþbnþaymanc½y srubmancmnynrbmanca 3/5 % éncmnyngñketastamggs;enatutamg RbeTs. elisbienhetaetot bbaøtþiedlkmnt;ry³eblgtibrmaénkarxumxøünbenþahgasnñ 4 Ex ehiygacbnþ)anelisbienh cmebahkrnielikelgmyycmnyn CaFmµtaeKmin)aneKarBtamenaHeT 16
KWkMNt;ykedayKµankarEkERb nuvry³ebl6ex efvicaniyam. mulehtuénkarxumxøünhysnitivifirymman krnierogercinkksþhenatulakar karxvhmefüa)aydwkcba ÚnenABn nakar nigecarkúmesuibgegátmankar ywty:av kñúgkarbba b;karesuibgegát. ebitamkarghgagrbs;rbhracgacja )an[dwgfa CaerOy² nkr)altamtar[efvikarecatrbkan;bibtrbhµtnð edaymin)anpþl;psþútag RKb;RKan;eT,Iy Edlkar enhefvi[tulakarmankarraerkkñúgkarkmnt;kalbriecätebiksvnakar. cmnyngñkcab;xumxamgbenþahgasnñ mankarekinelig edaykµanemfavikarbar CaBiessBn nakar enatambnþaextþnana. GñkeTasmYycMnYnkMBugrg;caMesckþIsMercBIsvnakar Edl)anebIkCayUrmk ehiy. kariyal½ysit imnuss G>s>b RbcaMenAkm<úCa )anttyldmnwggmbikrnimyycmnyn EdlGñkeTas )annigkmbugrg;camesckþismercbitulakar kñúgerogkþirbs;xøüngs;ry³eblcagmyyqñammkehiy. karmin)andak;birut Cn nig TNÐit[enAdac;edayET,kBIKña btbbaøtþicabtdæangb,rmasmrab;karrkb;rkggñketas)anecgfa kñúgrkb;krnitamggs; :BiruT CnRtÚvEtdak;[enAdac;edayELkBITNÐit : 17. kargnuvtþn_ebbenh minedlmanetenakñúgrbets km<úca ehiycmnyngñkcab;xumxamgbenþahgasnñmanrbman 30 % éncmnyngñketastamggs;rtúv)anek dak;[enalayt,mkñacamyytnðit. kalbieblfµi²enh mankic xitxmrbwgerbgmyyefviet,igenabn nakar RkugRBHsIhnu edim,idak;gñketastamgbirrkumenh [enadac;edayet,kbikña Etbc úb,nñrtúvbbaäb;etavij edaysarcmnyngñketasmankarekineligercin 18. GvtþmanenAeBlebIksvnakar edaysarkarxvhmefüa)aydwkcba ÚnGñkeTas etibcynkalbirut CnminGacmkcUlrYmkñúgsvnakar rbs;xøün)an. kñúgkrnitamgenh CnCab;ecaTRtÚv)antulakarebIksvnakar edaykm)amgmux EdlCakar rmelapetaelisit icamuldæanrbs;bykek kñúgkarttyl)annuvkarcmnmucmrhrbkbedaypabrtwmrtúv. CagenH etaetot mantnðitcaercinnak; CaBiessenAtMbn;dac;Rsy:almYycMnYn RtÚv)aneKraykarN_fa min)an bgðabajxøüntamkalbriecätebiksvnakarenasala]t rn_ nigtulakakmbulet,iy. enakñúgkrnipakercin 17 btbbaøtþicabtdæangb,rmasmrab;karrkb;rkggñketas cmnuc 8 18 r)aykarn_tamkalkmnt; sþibibn nakarrbs;kariyal½y]tþmsñgkar G>s>b TTYlbnÞúksiT imnussrbcamenakm<úca ExmIna qñam2002. 17
GñkeTasTaMgenH b RKYsarrbs;eKRtÚv)anesñI[ecjéføeFVIdMeNIrpÞal;xøÜn nigéføqñülgñkyambibn nakar EdlXMuxøÜnBYkeKeq<aHeTAraCFanIPñMeBj. éføqñültamgenh KYrEtCabnÞúkrbs;Bn nakarcagñkttylxusrtúv elikarecbajcmnay EdltMélenaHGaceRcInCag 100 duløargaemrik smrab;karefvidmenirbiextþq ay². karculrymsvnakarkñúgsmelokbmbak;cagñketas GñkeTasEdleKbBa ÚneTAtulakar CaerOy²sßitkñúgsMelokbMBak;CaGñkeTas EdlenHKWCakar rmelapeliekalkarn_énkarsnµt;camunfakµanetas. enakñúgqñam2001 RbFannaykdæanBn nakar )an ecjesckþiennammyycalaylkçgksr epjircunrbfanbn nakartamggs; sþibikarpþl;smelokbmbak;suivil [GñkeTas. etahcaya:gnak¾eday esckþiennamenh enamintan;)angnuvtþenakñúgkrnipakercin. karxumxamgry³eblkµankmnt;rg;camsvnakarenasala]t rn_ GñkeTasRtÚvEtsßitenAkñúgBn nakar rg;camsvnakarenasala]t rn_ etahbicabnþwg]t rn_ efvieligedayrbhracgacja b edaygñketasxøünégkþi. edaysarsvnaenasala]t rn_gusbnøayebl evlaevgebk etibmangñketascaercin EdlkrNIrbs;xøÜnCab;bNþwg]T rn_ enaetbnþcab;xumxamgetah bicaetasrbs;xøünrtúv)anbmebjcb;sbvrkb;ehiyk¾eday. enhcabbaðacmbgedlefvi[gñketasmankar raerkkñúgkarefvibnþwg]t rn_ ehiyenakñúgkrnixøhbbaðaenh)ancmrubaj[gñketas BüayamdkbNþwg]T rn_ rbs;xøünvij edim,i)ancakecbajbibn nakar. karminekarbbtbba abn nakar naykdæanbn nakar ecjbtbba aedayet,kcaercin etakan;bn nakarepsg²kña enatutamgrbets km<úca riérbfanbn nakark¾ecjnuvbtbbaøtþipþal;xøünpgedr. kariyal½y]tþmsñgkar G>s>b TTYlbnÞúk sit imnussrbcamenakm<úca )anrkexijfa EpñkxøHénbTbBaØtþiTaMgenaH minrsbtambtdæangnþrcati b Rbkas nignitivifibn nakarenahet. Ca]TahrN_Rbkar 9 énbtbba abn nakar CC1 pþl;sit i[rbfan Bn nakarerbir)as;gavufenaeblna EdlKat;yl;fa CasßanPaBcaM)ac;. RbkarenH manpabminrsbkña CamYyRbkaselx 217 sþibikarrkb;rkgbn nakar EdlEcgGMBIkal³eTs³BiessmYycMnYn Edl 18
ekgnubaøat[erbir)as;gavuf)an 19. mankarxvhxatpgedr nuvkargnuvtþn_esckþiennamrbs;rksygbak;b½n EdlTak;TgnwgbBaðaBn nakar. esckþiennam b btbba amyycmnynecjedayfñak;rksygetagacjafr Bn nakar b m nþirdæapi)albak;b½n b:uenþcak;esþgekkrmexibajmankargnuvtþn_tamnas;. 6-karcUlsYrsuxTukçGñkeTasenAkñúgBn nakar elaktmnagbiess kariyal½ysit imnussg>s>brbcamenakm<úca nigggákarsit imnusserka rdæapi)alkñúgrsukcaercin )ansmedgnuvkgvl;rbs;xøün GMBInitiviFIRKb;RKgkarcUlsYrsuxTukGñkeTas enakñúgbn nakar. TsSnkic etakan;bn nakar RtÚv)aneKEckecBaJCabIRbePTFMKW³ karsyrsuxtukçedayrkumrkysargñketas r)aykarn_sþibisßanpabbn nakarenarbetskm<úca )anrkexijfa karsþg;mti)ankmnt;ca mfümpak KWmankarcUlsYrsuxTukGñkeTas 2 dgkñúgmyyexsmrab;gñketasmñak;². karsyrsuxtukç GñkeTasBIRkumRKÜsar nigmitþp½kþ KWCakarsMxan;;xøaMgNas;sMrab;GñkeTas minrtwmetcacmnyyxagpøúvcitþ b:uenñahet EfmTaMgCYypþl;mðÚbGahar nigsmpar³cam)ac;epsgetot nigcyy[bykekvilrtt,b;mkrymrs; enakñúgsgámvij enaebl)anbmebjetascb;sbvrkb;. c,ab;trmúvfa GñkeTasRKb;rUbmansiTÞiTTYl)an karsyrsuxtukçbirkumrkysar b mitþp½kþ ry³eblmyyem:agcagb,brmakñúgmyys)þah_ 20. bbaøtþienhrtúv)an emilrmlgcarbb½n. tamkargnuvtþcak;esþg RkumRKYsarGñkeTasPaKeRcInGac)ancUlsYrsuxTukç ercin Cag 15 natibnþickñúgmyys)þah_. karculsyrsuxtukçgñketasritetmankarlm)akefmetot cmebahrkum RKYsarEdlmansac;BaJatiCab;XuMXaMgenABn nakar q aybilmenadæanrbs;xøün. sßanpabebbenh ekitman CaTUeTA²ehIy BIeRBaHGñkeTasRtÚv)aneKbBa ÚneTAkan;Bn nakarepsg²enatutamgrbets kñúgkic xitxm RbwgERbgkat;bnßybBaðadak;GñkeTaseRcInhYscMNuH enakñúgbn nakarmyycmnyn. 19 Rbkaselx217 sþibikarrkb;rkgbn nakar marta 7BEcgfa :minrtuverbir)as;gavuf elikelgetkñúgkrnimingac ecosvag)an duccakúñgkic sv½ykarbar b kic karepsgetotedlsßitkñúgkal³ets³ ductetaenh ³ kñúgkrnimankarkmramkmehg dl;gayucivit b rbysf n;f r edim,itb;sáat;btelµisf n;f rbak;b½n nwgkarkmramkmehgdl;gayucivit edim,itb;sáat;karrt;ekcxøün kñúgkrniedlkarerbir)as;mefüa)aytictyc mingacefvieta)an nigkñúgkarkarbarcnnamñak; EdlTTYlkarKMramkMEhgdl; GayuCIvit bgáeligedaygñketasedlkmbugrt;ekcxøün :. 20 Rbkaselx 217 sþibikarrkb;rkgbn nakar marta 7B. 19
etahbicagacetadl;bn nakarenahk¾eday k¾enamankarlm)akcaercinedr. Bn nakarxøh minman TIkEnøgsmrmüsMrab;RkumRKYsarGñkeTas ehiykarsyrsuxtukçefvieligenaerag)ay b mnþirbüa)alrbs; Bn nakar. enakñúgqñam1994 manbnþnakarcaercinbdiesfcajwkjab; nuvsit iculsyrsuxtukçbirkumrkysar facavifankardak;vin½ydl;gñketas. bbaðaedlf n;f rbmputenah KWmankarekIneLIg cab;tamgbiqñam1994 nuvgmebibukrlyybak;b½n etanwgkarculsyrsuxtukçbirkumrkysargñketas. qµam nigm nþibn nakar CaerOy² )ansmu[rkumrküsargñketasbg;r)ak;cafñúrnwgkargnubaøat[culsyrsuxtukç. tamfmµta ektamtar[ bg;r)ak;ya:gercin enaeblculsyrsuxtukçgñketaselikdmbug nigkarculsyrsuxtukçgñketasenaéf Edl KµankarGnuBaØatCapøÚvkar. GMeBIBukrlYyekItmanpgEdr enaebledlrkumrkysarmanbmngepjireta[ GñkeTasnUvmðÚbGahar Twk fñamebtü nigsmpar³cam)ac;epsgetot. karculcybgñketasedayemfavikarbarkþi enakñúgqñam1994 Bn nakarxøhxvhtikenøgsmrmüsmrab;emfavikarbarkþi edim,icybkunkþirbs;xøün Edl nam[gñketasminmantmnukcitþetaelikarsmgat;rbs;xøünenakñúgkarbierkaheyabl;. emfavikarbarkþi k¾)an t ÚjEt rpgedrfa m nþibn nakaretgetraramgdl;karcylcybkunkþirbs;xøün kardak;kmhiteblevla b kar trmuv[smukargnubaøatbenßmbirksygmhaépþ. TsSnkic etakan;bn nakar edayggákarshrbcacati nigggákarerkardæapi)al kariyal½ysit imnuss G>s>b RbcaMenAkm<úCa nigggákarerkardæapi)al )annigkmbugcybrbthkar lm)aky:agxøamg nigercinefmetot kñúgkarsmukargnubaøatculsyrsuxtukçgñketas nigkarculbn nakarena kñúgkrnimyycmnyn. sßanpabbibn nakarmyy etabn nakarmyyetot manpabxuskñaya:gxøamg edaykar culbn nakarxøh mankarkmnt;ya:gtwgetgtamglkçxnð TaMgeBlevlaEdlGnuBaØat niggacculbinitü tambnþb;xumxamg)an. karculcybgñkcab;xumxamgbenþahgasnñ GacGnuBaØateTA)an luhrtaetmanlixit GnuBaØatCalaylkçGkSrBIecARkm b RBHraCGaCJaBak;B½n ehiyedllixitenah ekbi)aktak;tgsmuxøamg Nas;. ebitamesckþiraykarn_ KWxVHkic shrbtibtþkarbismnak;m nþibn nakarmyycmnyn ]TahrN_ duccaenaextþsvayerog. ekmingnubaøat[efvismöasn_edaypþal;camyygñketaset,iy EdlCaehtu nam[mankarlm)akcaxøamgkñúgkarrbmulbt manedlgacecotukcitþ)an GMBIkareFVITukçeTas nigkarefvi TaruNkmµedaym nþirbtibtþic,ab;nigm nþibn nakar. 20
7- Gnusasn_ cmnyngñketasercinhyscmnuh cat;vifankarcabnþan; edim,ikat;bnßycmnyngñkcab;xumxamgcabenþahgasnñ tamry³karbenøón nitivifitulakar. FanafaminRtÚveFVIkarecaTRbkan;BIbTRBhµTNÐNamYyeLIy RbsinebIKµanPsþútagRKb;RKan; GaceFVIkarCMnMuCMrH)an. Rbtibtþic,ab;G untak;marta14>1 EdlEcgfa CnCab;ecaTGacRtÚv)anbBa ÚneTAXuMXaMgCabeNþaH Gasnñ EtkñúglkçxNÐCak;lak;b:ueNÑaH. Rbtibtþic,ab;G untak; marta14>4 EdlEcgfa karxumxamgcabenþahgasnñ etahsßitkñúgkrnina k¾edayminrtúv[hysbi 4 Ex et bu:enþry³eblenhgacbnþdl; 6 ExEtkñúgkal³eTs³Biess Etb:ueNÑaH. Fanafa RbFanBn nakarbmebjnuvkarttylxusrtúvrbs;xøün kñúgkarcundmnwgetatulakargmbikarput ry³eblxumxøünbenaþahgasnñ. begáit[mansala]t rn_fñak;tmbn; b sala]t rn_cl½t. bba ak;gmbikarbin½ycar)ak; nigkarbüüretas. BinitüeTAelImeFüa)ayepSg EdlCaCMerIssMrab;kardak;TNÐkmµ ehiybicarnaeligvijetaeli ry³eblénetascab;bn nakar smrab;btelµistuctac. RsavRCavBIlT PaBbegáItbTbBa aesvashkmn_ EdlGaceRbIR)as;)ansMrab;bTelµIstUctac niggñk RbRBwtþbTelµIselIkdMbUg ehiyniggb;rmdl;safarn³cngmbikargnuvtþn_etasenaerkabn nakar. CMnYs[kmµviFIénkaredaHElgmunry³eBlkMNt;EdlGnuvtþnabc úb,nñenh edaykmeragkartak;etg c,ab;d¾tumtulaymyy. pþl;gatipabdl;kargarsagsg; nigcysculeklmgreligvij nuvbn nakarrkugrbhsihnu kmbg;fm nigbnþaymanc½y. 21
mðúbgaharnigtwk RKb;RKgcat;Ecgfvika[)anl RbesIreT,IgEfmeTot edim,ifanafa minmankardkykfvikasmrab; Gahar]btßmÖGñkeTas etacmnayelismpar³ b esvaepsg²etotet,iy ehiyrtúvrtútbinitüemil edim,ifanafa rbbgaharedlmantmélgb,rma 1000 erol )andl;gñketasmñak;²erogral;éf edayminrtúv[)at;bg;etaeligmebibukrlyyeliy. bba ak;y:agc,as;fa kardak;kmhitetaeligahar]btßmö smrab;cavifankardak;tnðkmµenah KWminRtÚv benþay[efvitetaetotcadac;xat. ehiyrtúvcat;vifanxagvin½y cmebahm nþibn nakarnaedl RbRBwtþibTelµIs. Fanapþl;[)aneTogTat;nUvTwks atsmrab;pwk enarkb;bn nakartamggs; edaypþl;gatipab[bn nakar extþbnþaymanc½y extþrbhvihar nigrkugrbhsihnu. suxpab nigesvaebtü efivkarbba ak;bmpøw tamry³rbkasgnþrrksyg sþibikarttylxusrtúv smrab;bbaðasuxpabgñketas rvagrksygmhaépþ nigrksygsuxapi)al. FanafaR)ak;EdlRtÚvcMNayeTAelIGñkeTas nigr)ak;]btßmöepsg² RtÚv)anTTYlTan;eBlevla nigrkb;cmnyntamry³karepþredaypþal;binaykdæanhirbaøvtßúrksygmhaépþ etartnakartamextþ. CYsCulEklMGrEpñkGaKarBn nakarénmnþirebtümunivgs edaybmbak;]bkrn_gnam½y[)an smrmü. begáitekalneya)aysmrab;gñketasedlmancm WeGds_ nigelikelgetasdl;gñkekitcmgwegds_ TaMgLayNa EdlsßitkñúgsßanPaBcugeRkayénCMgWeGds_. rdæ)albn nakar Fanafa Bn nakarrtúvmanfvikarkb;rkan; nigrsbetatamkmeragcabiesstamry³karbegáinkic sh Rbtibtþikar rvagrksygmhaépþ nigrksygesdækic nighirbaøvtßú. pþl;karbnþúhbnþalcmnabajvic aciv³dl;m nþi nigqµambn nakar pþl;r)ak;ebovtsr_smrsb Gac[eK pát;pág;civpabrs;ena nigkenøgsñak;enasmrmü. Fanafa bukálikrdæ)alénbn nakarnimyy² mancmnynsmamartetanigcmnyngñketas. Fanakarpþl;[manqµaMBn nakarca sþi smrab;gñketas sþi. 22
kmnt;gatipabdl;kardwkcba ÚnGñkeTas edaypþl;tamesckþirtúvkarnuverbg\n n³ nigr)ak;]btßmö smrab;karefvidmenir. karkmramkmehgdl;suvtßipab BRgwgkic xitxmrbwgerbg edim,idak;gñketasetatam ept Gayu ekµg b mnussebjv½y zan³xag pøúvc,ab; BiruT Cn b TNÐit PaBF n;f rénbtelµis nigsßanpabxagsuxpab. nammkkat;etascntamgt,ayna EdlRtÚv)aneKecaTRbkan;fa)aneFVITaruNkmµ ehiyrtúvfanafa tulakagacefviesckþismerc edayesrikµankarkabsgát;birdæapi)al. ekarbbbaøtiþc,ab;tak;tgnigkarerbir)as;]bkrn_tb;tl;nwggñketas edayfanafa exñahéd RtÚv)aneRbIR)as;EtkñúgeBldwkbBa ÚnGñkeTas b kñúgsßanpabbnþan;namyy ehiykarerbir)as; exñahecig RtÚvEtlb;bM)at;ecal. hamerbir)as;gñketasedlxøünculcitþ nig :embnþb; :. sit ixagpøúvc,ab; begáinkic shrbtibtþikar rvagrksygmhaépþ nigrksygyutþifm. FanafaGñkeTasRtÚv)anpþl;[nUvsMelokbMBak;suIvilenAeBlbgðajxøÜnenAtulakar. Tb;sáat;karebIksvnakarkM)aMgmux cmebahgñketasedlsßitenakñúgmnþirxumxamg ehiymingacmkcul rymsvnakar)an edaysarxvhmefüa)aydwkcba Ún. edahelgcabnþan; GñkeTasEdlkMBugrg;caMsvnakarenAsala]T rn_ ehiyedl)anbmebjetas cb;sbvrkb;ehiy. btbbaøtþi nigbtbba a efvikaretgtamggñkcmnajkarc,ab;myyrkum edim,ibinitüet,igvibaj nuvc,ab;bn nakartamggs;rbs;km<úca duccarbkas nitivifi nigbtbbaøtþinana edim,i[rsbtamc,ab;bak;b½n EdlmanzananuRkmx<s;Cag nigrsbtambtdæangnþrcati edaymankarculrympþl;mtibiggákarerkardæapi)al nigggákarepsg² EdleFVIkarkñúgvis½yBn nakar. efvikarekerbc,ab; nigbtbba abn nakarbak;b½n nigdkecjnuvral;btbba anaedlpþúynwgc,ab;. 23
tamdanemilkargnuvtþn_ bnþab;bi)anecjbtbba a nigefvitssnkic etakan;bn nakarnimyy² edim,i Fanafa btbba anigc,ab; RtÚv)anyl;dwgy:agc,as; nigekarbtam. karculsyrsuxtukçgñketas cat;vifankarcabnþan; nigmanrbsit PaB edim,ibbaäb;gmebibukrlyykñúgrbb½n Bn nakar. xitxmrbwgerbggs;bilt PaB edim,ifanafa GñkeTasRtÚv)anXuMXaMg enatikenøgxumxamg EdlenACit lmenadæan nigrkysarrbs;ekbmput. GnuBaØat[GñkXøaMemIlBn nakar efvibtsmöasn_caékcn CamYyGñkeTas edaymankarsegátemil BIcMgay EtminGacsþab;B )anbim nþibn nakar sumganmarta7>1 nitivifi Bn nakarelx29. KaMRTdl;karGnum½tBRgagBiFIsarbEnßmrbs;GgÁkarshRbCaCatielIGnusBaØaRbqaMgnwgkareFVITaruN kmµ nigkarpþnþaetas b karrbrbwtþitamglayna EdleXareXA GmnusSFm b EdlnaM[)at;bg;tMél CamnusS nigpþl;sc ab½nelikargnum½tenh. 24