Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) (Cestoda, Hymenolepididae), Parasite of Cricetus cricetus L. in Hungary

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1 Parasit. Hung ,1970 Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) (Cestoda, Hymenolepididae), Parasite of Cricetus cricetus L. in Hungary Dr. Frantisek TENORA Dr. Éva MURAI Department of Zoology of the University of Agriculture, Brno Zoological Department of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest Although the species Cricetus cricetus 1. is a widely spread rodent in Hungary, there were only few reports on its tapeworm parasites until recently (cf. EDELÉNYI, 1966). In the present study attention has been paid to the taxonomical status of the tapeworms belonging to the genus Hymenolepis Weinland, These tapeworms have been found in this mammal in three localities, viz. Budapest (Rákospalota), Balmazújváros and Debrecen - see Pig. 1. In all cases members of Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) are concerned. 1 1 Altogether 12 complete strobilae found in the small intestine of the above host have been at our disposal. Taking into consi deration that, until recently, this species was synonymized with Hymenolepis fraterna (Stiles, 1906)(cf., e.g., SPASSKIJ, 1954), and that the description of H. straminea (Goeze, 1782) based on the material from Hungary is missing,we present the main metric and morphological data on this parasite. 1 SPASSKIJ, 1954 included this species into the genus Rodentolepis Spasskij, This study was commenced during both authors'stay in the Institute of Zoology of the University in Neuchâtel in Switzerland in 1969, and was finished during TENORA's stay in the Zoological Department of the Museum in Budapest in March of 1970.

is a widely spread rodent in Hungary, there were only few reports on its tapeworm parasites until recently (cf. EDELÉNYI, 1966).

2 Fig. 1: Map of the localities where Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) has been ascertained from Cricetus cricetus in Hungary l.ábra: Mezei hörcsögben élősködő Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) lelőhelyei

3 Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) Synonyms: Taenia straminea Goeze, 1782; Taenia microstoma Dujardin, 1845; Hymenolepis microstoma (Duj., 1845) Blanchard 1891; Taenia straminea Goeze, 1782 sensu Kowalewski, 1895; Hymenolepis criceti Janicki, 1904; Taenia brachydaera Diesing, 1854 sensu Lühe, 1910; Licranotaenia straminea (Goeze, 1782) Lopez-Neyra, 1942; Dicranotaenia criceti (Janicki, 1904) Skrjabin and Matevosjan, 1945; Rodentolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) Spasskij, 1954 pro parte; Rodentolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) sensu Yamaguti, 1959 pro parte. Description The tapeworm is 70 to 110 mm long and has the greatest body diameter of 1.8 to 2 mm. The scolex is mm broad bearing four suckers. The suckers are to mm in diameter. In our material 21 to 24 hooks have been counted. They are of cricetoid type ( cf. SKRJABIN and MATEV0SJAN, 1945). The hooks measure to mm with their basis being to mm long. The rostellar sac is approximately mm long and mm broad. The testes are situated triangularly:one testis is poral, two aporal testes are arranged one above the other. The yolk gland and the ovary are situated between the testes. The length of the cirrus-sac varies a great deal. In the immature segments, i t measures approximately mm, in the hermaphroditic segments,its length reaches as much as mm- Inside this sac, there is a fairly conspicuous vesicula seminal i s interna measuring to mm. The vesicula seminalis externa is also present. The fairly visible vagina is situated below the cirrus-sac, its orifice gets into the common sinus of the genital organs. The eggs fixed in Berlese medium measure to mm x to mm (see Tab. 2), and bear an embryophore being to mm in diameter. The embryonal hooks are longer than those on the scolex. They are to mm long (see Tab. 2).

1782) Lopez-Neyra, 1942; Dicranotaenia criceti (Janicki, 1904) Skrjabin and Matevosjan, 1945; Rodentolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) Spasskij, 1954 pro parte; Rodentolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) sensu

4 Table 1: Data on the material of Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) from Cricetus cricetus and from other rodents (Dimensions in mm). - Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) méretadatai (mm-ben mezei hörcsögből és egyéb gazdaállatokból. Body lenght a féreg hossza Hook lenght horgok hossza Hook number horgok száma Hook type horgok tipusa Egg size peték mérete Oncosphere hooklets embrionális horgok Hosts gazda cricetoid cricetoid p rodents Cricetus cricetus Distribution elterjedés Europe, Asia, Africa, U.S.A. Hungary Authors szerzők BAER and TEN0RA,1970 our data

Body lenght a féreg hossza Hook lenght horgok hossza Hook number horgok száma Hook type horgok tipusa Egg size peték mérete Oncosphere hooklets embrionális horgok

5 Table 2: Data on the material of Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) from various localities in Hungary (dimensions in mm). - Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) méret-adatai (mm-ben) különböző magyarországi lelőhelyekről, mezei hörcsögből. Localities - lelőhely Rákospalota Debrecen Balmazú jvát - a Hook number horgok száma Hook lenght horgok hossza Hook basis horgok bázis-méreté Oncosphere hooklets embrionális horgok o Egg size peték mérete ,

Localities - lelőhely Rákospalota Debrecen Balmazú jvát - a Hook number horgok száma 21 23 24 Hook lenght 0.012 0.012-0.0135 0.

6 Discussion The first finding of Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) in Hungary is reported by EDE1ENYI, In Cricetus cricetus he found a single tapeworm species which was not described in his paper. EDELÉNYI, 1966 illustrated a single hook of cricetoid type. This figure of the hook, as well as the host of the tapeworm (Cricetus cricetus) indicate that EDELÉNYI, 1966 examined the above tapeworm species. In the present paper,the figure of hooks from a scolex in shown (see Eig. 2). The hooks are illustrated according to the total preparation, and as our figure indicates, only several hooks have the correct position. In the systematic and taxonomic studies hooks only in correct position should be evaluated. I t is not only the type but also the accurate metric data of the hooks that should be determined. BAER and TENORA, 1970 revealed that the reason that some authors had observed hooks in an incorrect position, as well as that they had often worked without having a comparative material, led to the situation that the taxonomy of the species H. straminea (Goeze, 1782) was not solved correctly so far. In this way, also, SPASSKIJ's (1954) opinion that Hymenolepis fraterna (Stiles, 1906) may be a synonym of H. straminea (Goeze, 1782) occurs in the books (cf., e.g., KOTLÁN, I960, ERHARD, LÄMMLER, HINZ and THEMANN, 1962 and others - cf. the complete l i s t of these authors by BAER and TE NORA, 1970). The material of the latter two authors, as well as their description clearly indicate that both H.fraterna (Stiles, I9O6) and H.straminea (Goeze, 1782) are valid species. In connection with the opinion that H. microstoma (Dujardin, 1845) is a synonym of H. straminea (Goeze, 1782), the finding of H. microstoma reported for the first time in Hungarian fauna by TENORA, 1967, who had found this parasite in Pitymys subterraneus, should be revised. According to the criteria given by BAER and TENORA, 1970, as well as on the basis of reexamining the existing material, we state that the tapeworm species

This figure of the hook, as well as the host of the tapeworm (Cricetus cricetus) indicate that EDELÉNYI, 1966 examined the above tapeworm species.

7 0,01 mm 0.02 mm Fig. 2: Hooks from a scolex of Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) illustrated in various positions (the arrow-heads point to the hooks lying in correct position). 2. ábra: Horgok Hymenolepis straminea skolexéről különböző "fekvésben (a nyillal jelölt horgok vannak korrekt helyzetben). Fig. 3: Type of the eggs in Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze,1782) from Cricetus cricetus (scheme). 3. ábra: Hymenolepis straminea érett petéi mezei hörcsögből.

point to the hooks lying in correct position). 2.

8 from P. subterraneus, reported from Hungary by TENORA, 1967 under the name H. microstoma (Duj., 1845) should be correctly Hymenolepis asymetrica Janicki, I t is concluded that H. straminea (Goeze, 1782) is a typical parasite of Cricetus cricetus in Hungary. I t has not been found in other rodents in this territory as yet, even though the occurrence of this tapeworm species is not ruled out in other members of the order Rodentia.. On the. other hand,we state that, besides H. straminea, Hymenolepis asymetrica Janicki, 1904 is quite clearly proved from Pitymys subterraneus in Hungary..TENORA, F. MURAI, É.: Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) (Cestoda, HymenolepididaeJ, a mezei hörcsög (Cricetus cricetus parazitája Magyarországon h.) Hymenolepis straminea (Goeze, 1782) magyarországi előfordulásáról első izben 1966-ban EDELÉNYI Béla számolt be; nevezett faj példányai Debrecenben, mezei hörcsög vékonybelében élősködtek. A fajt 1782-ben GOEZE szintén Cricetus cricetusból irta le, de azóta igen kevés szerzőnek állt módjában azt tipikus gazdaállatából tanulmányozni. Több szerző, - félreismerve a fajt - a H. fraterna (Stiles, 1906) fajjal azonositotta; az a morfológiai azonosság viszont, amelyet az 1845-ben DUJARDIN által leirt H.micro stoma a H. stramineaval Összevetve mutat, a legutóbbi időkig (BAER - TENORA, 1970) elkerülte a kutatók figyelmét. Tekintettel a kérdésben uralkodó nézetkülönbségekre és arra, hogy a mezei hörcsögben, élősködő Hymenolepis példányok Európa egyéb területein nehezen gyűjthetők, Magyarországon 3 lelőhelyről származó H. straminea anyagot részletes tanulmányozás tárgyává tettünk és a faj pontos leírását adjuk. More detailed data on H. asymetrica Janicki, 1904 and H. 1 fraterna (Stiles, 1906), parasites of rodents in Hungary, will be given in the study being prepared in the Zoological Department of the State Museum in Budapest.

I t has not been found in other rodents in this territory as yet, even though the occurrence of this tapeworm species is not ruled out in other members of the order Rodentia.. On the.

9 R e f e r e n c es BAER, J.G. - TENORA, E.: Some Species of Hymenolepis (Cestoidea) from Rodents and from Primates - Acta Sei. Nat. Brno, * EDELÉNYI, B.: Saugwürmer in einheimischen Säugetieren I I I. - Ann. Hist. Nat. Mus. Nat. Hung., ERHARD, A. - LAMMER, G. - HINZ, E. - THEMANN, H.: Experimentelle Invasionen bzw. Erzeugung von Krankheiten durch Metazoen hei Laboratoriumstieren - Handbuch der Exp. Pharm., XVI. (9) KOTLÁN, A.: Helminthologie - Akad. Kiadó.Budapest, SKRJABIN, K.I. - MATEVOSJAN, E.M.: Lentocnye gelminty-gymenolepididy domasnich i ochtonióe-promyslovych ptic - Akad. Nauk SSSR. Moskva, SPASSKY, A.A.: Klasifikacija gymenolepidid mlekopitajuscich Trudy Gelm. Labor. ANSSSR, 7_ TENORA, P.: Some Remarks on the Helminthofauna from Several Species of Small Rodents (Muridae, Microtidae, Leporidae) in Hungary - Acta Univ. Agric. Brne, Received: 6.IV.1970 Dr. FRANTISEK TENORA Katedra Zoologie Vysoké skoly zemedelské v Brne Zemedelská 1. - Brno Dr. EVA MURAI Zool. Dept. of the Hungarian Natural History Museum Budapest, VIII. Baross-u. 13. * In this paper the further literature used is cited.

Erzeugung von Krankheiten durch Metazoen hei Laboratoriumstieren - Handbuch der Exp. Pharm., XVI. (9). 1-150. 1962. KOTLÁN, A.: Helminthologie - Akad. Kiadó.Budapest, 5-631.1960. SKRJABIN, K.I. - MATEVOSJAN, E.

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