IMENZAYEN IMEDRA. Imenzayen imedra n tamlilt n tmezgida. Jeff Reed. Aselmed n wadlis iqedsen S setta taggnitin i yagrawen imecṭuḥen

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2 Imenzayen imedra n tamlilt n tmezgida Jeff Reed Aselmed n wadlis iqedsen S setta taggnitin i yagrawen imecṭuḥen IMENZAYEN IMEDRA AMAZRAR 1 - ADLIS 3

3 LearnCorp Resources, 2013 Amaɣud akk ittwaḍref. Dayen ittwagedlen ad-yeɛɛiwed yiwen i wayagi, ulamek ara-t i numériser yiwen iwakken ara-t yexzen naɣ iwakken ara-t yebzer s yitwalen akk yellan (s l electronique, mécanique, photocopie, enregistrement naɣ s wayen nniḍen) ayen akw yellan deg wadlis-agi, anagar ma yella d abder-kan ara t-id bedren di labɛeḍ umagrad unadi, war ma yefka-yawen turagt LearnCorp Resources. Tarẓigt-agi n tamaziɣt yeffeɣ-ed s yiwen ugatu yellan d BILD International, 2400 Oakwood Road, Ames, IA Tarẓigt i d-yefɣen s tneglizit d ayla n LearnCorp Resources fkanas isem n Participating in the Mission of the Church, (1.1) s ɣur Jeff Reed, LearnCorp Resources, LearnCorp Resources i sekfiwel i wufares d wayen ilaqen i s ara yeɛɛiwen timezgidatin, imawlan, d iɣerbazen n tmasiḥit akk d yergazen d tulawin iqedcen deg ineɣlafen-nsen. Angawi yagi yella-d akken ara i seɣred di tuggmin n BILD International i twaxedmen I wusileɣ inebdaden n tmezgidatin. Assuɣel n : Dda Yidir Assuɣel-agi s tamaziɣt yeffeɣ-ed s ɣur : CNA i deg i yella daɣen yid-neɣ CNA Tudlift Tanila akk tmeḍrant s ɣur : Bill Thielker Issimal n tira iqedsen dayen i d-ittwajebden si tin n usuɣel n win izerɛen. DDK Version 1.0 March

4 Afser Tazwart: Yiwen n umezruy yedren 4 Azwar: Ttiki di tuɣḍaṭ n tmezgida 6 Talkensit: Imenzayen imedra. 9 TAGGNITT 1 Ttiki di tuɣḍaṭ yellan akk di ddunit TAGGNITT 2 Ttiki di tuɣḍaṭ yellan deg waxxam-ik. 28 TAGGNITT 3 Faṛset si teswiɛin unaraf.. 37 TAGGNITT 4 Ḥudd ɣef teflest-ik. 46 TAGGNITT 5 M ara yuɣal waxxam ttalemmast i tuɣḍaṭ 54 TAGGNITT 6 Aɛiwed n wamsel i tudert-nneɣ.. 63 Umuɣ n iwtayen aked tmedṛanin araɣ yilin am tsura n tira.. 70 Iwakken ara tkemlem assileɣ-nwen Tirawin n Tagara umuɣ=liste, iwtayen=termes, timedṛanin=concept, taggnitt=volet, assileɣ= formation, tirawin=notes 3

5 Tazwart : Yiwen n umezruy yedren Amazrar-agi n yidlisen d ayen i d-yefrurin si ccɣul n wid ifelsen yerna kfiwlen. Amazrar-agi d ayen i d-ilulen di tlemmast n yiwen unaɣlaf yettaken ifadden i tmezgidatin i d-ittlalen, yerna d ayen i neḍfer ataya tura 25 iseggasen. Taneflit-is d ayen yellan d yiwen umezruy yettwadren, ẓḍant yergazen tulawin imekdiyen, iqedcen ɣef Adunay Yasuɛ. Tkenniden ɣef imenzayen-agi imedra, dayen ddren di tlemmast n twaculin-nsen aked tmezgidatin-nsen, sbanayent-id s umedya n wamek llan nutni. Bɣiɣ si tazwara ad-iniɣ tanmirt i wid iyi-qerben. Tanmirt i Nancy, tameṭṭut-iw: tesselmed-iyi akken ilaq anamek n takdit n ṣṣeḥ. Tanmirt i tarbaɛt i xedmen deg waḍris n tneglizit, ikfel-ed si tlata n tisutwin n tulawin tameṭṭut-iw Nancy, terna-d Maxine taḍeggalt-iw aked Anna Yelli tlata tulawin yesɛan tudert yefkan asehru i l Inǧil. War tarbaɛt-agi ifazen, tili amazrar-agi ittwaɣum, yerna yeččuṛ d izgalen. Tanmirt daɣen i Mmi Jonathan, imahlen war leɛḍil deg imazraren-agi yellan i yinelmaden n Aswir wis sin. Tanmirt i George Stagg, aḍeggal-iw, imi asenfar n taẓrigt-agi d ayen iɛeddan s ger ifassen-is. I sin yidsen bannen-d amek llan d ilemẓiyen imekdiyen n l Inǧil. Yiwen wawal i s ara iniɣ tanmirt i twacult-iw n tmezgida n Ontario Bible Church. Timezgida-yagi lmudda n 25 iseggasen nettat d aɛiwen si tneflit n angawi-yagi, laṣel-is d ayen yulin alami d lawan-nni i deg llan ikarniyen-nni izegzawen ur necbiḥ ara. Xas ad-ɛɛiwdeɣ mazal : takkemict-agi n imekdiyen, ifelsen, tebna tudert-is ɣef imenzayen imedra n teflest. Ass-agi twalin Igumma i d- yefɣen s waṭas si ccɣul-nsen, d ayen ibanen di tudert n warrawnsen, deg ineɣlafen-nsen anda ma llan di ddunit. Bɣiɣ daɣen ad-iniɣ tanmirt i yemḍebṛen akk tmezgidatin yettikin deg uẓeṭṭa-yagi n BILD International i d-yezzin akk i ddunit. Tanmirt i kunwi isqedcen angawi-yagi yerna tefkam-d afus s takdit deg usuteb ines. Tasuqelt n umazrar-agi deg waṭas n tutlayin atna-d ceɣlen yid-es deg xilla n tmura di ddunit. Ad-ḥizeɣ tanmirt iman-is i Don McReavy, yefka-iyi ifadden aṭas iwakken ara-d ssufɣeɣ amazrar=série, kfiwlen=engagés, naɣlaf=ministère, taneflit=développement, imekdiyen=fidèles, imenzayen imedra=principes fondamentaux, ameddua=exemple, anamek=signification, tisutwin=générations, asehru=honneur, izgalen=fautes, imazraren=séries, niveau secondaire, asenfar n taẓrigt=projet d édition, angawi=matériel, igumma=fruits, ineɣlafen=ministères, usuteb=élaboration, tasuqelt=traduction 4

6 amazrar amezwaru, n Lsasat n teflest tamasiḥit. Atan mazal ittkemmil ccɣul yid-i deg usuteb n usenfar-agi. Tanmirt i Bob Goris aked Charlie Stagg, xedmeɣ yid-sen di tlemmast n LearnCorp Resources. Am waken llan daɣen waṭas n yemdanen yefkan afus uɛiwen deg ussihel n Bulus, aṭas iɛerran i lekkmam-nsen akken ara-d ssufɣen amazrar-agi ɣer tafat. Tanmirt daɣen i Bill Thielker, d aqeddac inekmalen, yerna ayen i yas-d ittwanefken n tikciwin, iḥres iman-is iwakken ara isseqdec ayen ɣef Yillu ines. Ihi s yisem n wid m ara i d-bedreɣ dagi, tawacult-iw, timezgida, taẓallit-iw iwakken ara isseqdec Yillu amazrar-agi am yiwen Didaché unemtuta (Chatéchisme) iwakken ara-t awi aṭas n yemdanen ad-ǧehden di teflest! Timezgidatin i deg-i yellan ad-ftint! Tiwaculin-nsen ad-yeffeɣ deg-sen-t igumma ara isferḥen aṭas tisutwin i d-iteddun! Jeff REED, OCTOBRE 1997 assihel=voyage, aselmed n unemtuta=didachè contemporaine, taflest=foi, fti=multiplier 5

7 Azwar : Ttiki di tuɣḍaṭ n tmezgida Deg wadlis iɛeddan, Illi-k d ayla n twacult n twaculin : imenzayen imedra n tudert n tmezgida, nwala akken iwqem snat n tɣewsiwin timeqqṛanin yuḥwaǧ wamdan : yuḥwaǧ akken ara yili dayla n kra, yuḥwaǧ daɣen akken ara iwali iman-is uḥwaǧen-t (adyesɛu iswi di tudert-is). Nwala amek Illu yextaṛ tawacult ama ttawault-nneɣ ama ttawacut tameqqṛant n wid akk ifelsen s Yasuɛ, ittusema timezgida anda nella. Ataya wayen ara yilin d lsas n tufrayt-nneɣ amek nella seg wid ifelsen. Ataya ɣef wacu negza acḥal yesɛa azal iwakken ara yesɛu yiwen ayen yezwaren di tudert-is, yerna d ayen ara yeṭfen akken ilaq di twacult n yal yiwen. Yerna ayen ara yezwiren ɣuṛ-neɣ ad-yili d ayen ara iɛedlen ttwacult-nneɣ daɣen yellan ttimezgida anda nella. Ihi deg wadlis-agi n Ttiki di tuɣḍaṭ n tmezgida : imenzayen imedra n tamlilt n tmezgida, a nkenned akteṛ ɣef tɣewsiwt-nni tis snat yuḥwaǧ wamdan - amek ara yaf yiwen anamek i tudert-is, wa s-yemmel tamehla ara-t awi. Ulamek yeqqim yiwen war ma yesɛa iswi di tudert. Ataya ɣef wacu yal yiwen yesɛa iswiyen yettraju ad-yawweḍ, yella ɣures wayagi am yiwen umutur s wayes i ttkemmil cceɣli-s. Ɣef kra nniḍen, llan kra izmer asen-yili wayagi amek ara allin di ccan di tanunnect-nsen. Kra nniḍen d ayen ara yilin ttiwaculin-nsen, naɣ d wid ara ittazzalen ad-kesben aṭas n tibuɣaṛ aked ingawiyen. D amur ameqqṛan i gefkan tudert-nsen kamel i waddal, d mkul ṣsenf n wayen i ten-issedhayen di tudert-nsen. Llan daɣen kra ḥussen deg iman-nsen am akken ma uɣalen d imaḥbusa n umahil, naɣ am akken d aklan n tammunt tameqqṛant, fkan-as tezmert-nsen kamel, ḥettben rennun amek ara sɛun tagara tastaɣt tameqqṛant. Seg m ara-d kkren nutni d amuqel, amek ara sɛeddin ussan-nsen n westeɛfu, d wamek ara sɛeddin asmires-nsen. Ttargun rennun adasen ɣursen iseggasen yelhan, i deg ara kemlen ayen akk ttmennin, acḥal-aya nutni d leḥsab rennun, bɣan akk ad-awḍen ɣer wayen ttmennin s umahil-nsen. Aṭas seg-sen ig-sbedden yiwen yiswi ibanen, smalen tudert-nsen kamel ɣef umentil i yasen-d ibanen telha. Amedya amek ara-d afen ddwa mgal SIDA, naɣ amek ara ḥudden ɣef kra n ṣsenf n lḥut di lebheṛ naɣ akken ara ḥudden ɣef tagama naɣ ɣef talwit di ddunit tuɣḍaṭ=mission, azwar=introduction, imenzayen imedra=principes fondamentaux, tufrayt=sentiment, gzu=comprendre, tamlilt=rôle, tamehla=direction, ingawiyen= matériels, addal=sport, tammunt=compagnie, tastaɣt=retraite, asmires=vacances 6

8 meṛra. Ḥersen deg iman-nsen, amek ara fken afus uɛiwen i tmura iḍeɛfen, Aḥuddu ɣef uzref n wamdan di ddunit d ayen i yasen ibanen yezwar kullec di ddunit. Llan kra i gufan anamek i tudert deg umahil-nsen, ama ɣef unabaḍ naɣ ɣef tejmeɛt, ilaq-asen admahlen kra, anda i yasen-d ldin tabburt. Llan daɣen kra n wid yufan anamek i tudert-nsen, mi ttnadin amek ara-d afen tifrat i waṭas n timettiyin-nneɣ, am wid ittbeddilen tikli i tagama, anebru, d laẓ, kkaten amek ara ɛiwnen wid yeɣlin di twuɣa-yagi. Agur n yiswiyen-agi, imi ur meqqṛit ara iwakken ara awin iberdan akk n tudert. Ayen i d-yesbanayen, amek nerbeḥ seg umahil-nneɣ, amur ameqqṛan s waxtiṛi xtaṛen wiyyiḍ. Ma yella arraw-nneɣ llan d ayen yezwaren di tudert-nneɣ, ayagi d ayen izemren aten-yawi, iwakken ara ttḥadaren iman-nsen. Nezṛa belli argaz akken-kan ara yawi tastaɣt-is, yezmer ad-yemmet di ddurtnni yakan i deg-i yeḥbes amahil, yerna am waken nwala tura atan rennun-as teɣzi i tastaɣt, (di marikan atan telḥeq ɣer sebɛin iseggasen). Dwawi d udawi ɣlayen aṭas d ayen izemren ad-yessufeɣ targit-nni yelhan s abrid ur nwin. Imentilen akk ɣef i nteddu di tazwara mačči d ayen izemren aɣ-isserwu, ttbinent-ed am akken ma llant di lḥebs n tejɛawant. Tudert ittwanefken i leqdic ɣef wiyyiḍ tella am yiwet n tiqit-kan di lebḥeṛ zdat wayen akk uḥwajen yemdanen. Ulama xas akken aṭas n yiswiyen-agi i d-ibanen lhan, maca ur zmiren ara ad-fken anamek i tudert di lekmala ines. Ur zmiren ara ad-ččaṛen tudert-nneɣ. Nekkni s imasiḥiyen, ssawlen-aɣ-d akken ara nṛuḥ an-ḥudd ɣef umentil ameqqṛan, weklen-aɣ yiwen n ccɣul ifazen, ccɣul-nni i yaɣd yefka Adunay Yasuɛ s timad-is! Akka ih, Lmasiḥ isbeddad tageldaines ara idumen. Iwekkel-aɣ iwakken ara nṛuḥ a nerr at iɣlan meṛṛa d inelmaden-is. Ihi ccɣul-nneɣ iwakken ara neḍfeṛ aɣawas-is ɣef lebni n tgelda ines. Iwekkel-aɣ yiwet n tuɣḍaṭ, s win i nedfeṛ. Ur nezmir ara a nkemmel tuɣḍaṭ-agi iman-nneɣ, imi Yasuɛ Adunaynneɣ yesɛa aɣawas. Lsas n uɣawas-agi d ayen ara yilin d iswi n twacult tameqqṛant, ittusema timezgida. Deg wadlis-agi, a nsekyed aɣawas n Yasuɛ, wa nwali amek ara nefk lweqt ilaqen i wayagi. Mačči aṭas seg imasiḥiyen i gezṛan belli Yasuɛ yesɛa aɣawas, iwakken ara ikemmel tuɣḍaṭ-is, ur zṛin ara daɣen yesɛa tasudest i nekmalen. Di taggnit tamezwarut, a nwali akken ilaq sumata tuɣḍaṭ-agi. D ayen araɣ yawin iwakken ara nisin amentil=cause, amedya=exemple, mgal=contre, ḥudden=défendre, tagama=nature, talwit=paix, anabaḍ=gouvernement, tajɛawant=hypocrisie, aɣawas=plan, amahil=travail 7

9 amek ilaq a nefk afus i tasudest-agi kamel. Di taggnit tis snat, a nwali akken ilaq ama ttimezgida-nneɣ ama ttid i yaɣ-d yezzin. A nwali daɣen acu n tamlilt araɣ-d iṣṣiḥen i nekkni di tasudest ikemlen, acu n wennar aṛaɣ-d iṣṣiḥen a necɣul yides. Di taggnit tis tlata, a nebdu lebni n tasudest-nneɣ i s ara nefk afus i tuɣḍaṭ n Yasuɛ. Anelmed akken ara nisin amek ilaq a nessiweḍ ttebciṛa d lebɣi n Yasuɛ, i wid ur tnessin ara urɛad. A nsenfel akteṛ tameḍṛant-agi di taggnit tis rebɛa, a neɛṛed amek ara nqabel tisentilin timenzayin i nezmer a naf ɣer yemdanen ɣef usentel n Yasuɛ aked ttuɣḍaṭ-is. Ma yella di taggnit tis xemsa, a nelmed amek ara nesseqdec tiwaculin-nneɣ, iwakken ara ikemmel Yasuɛ lebɣi ines, ataya lsas ara idumen ad-iruḥ si tasuti ɣer tasuti ulama akin i lmut-nneɣ. M ara nawweḍ akken ara nisin iswi ameqqṛan n Yasuɛ i tudertnneɣ, a nḥeṣṣen deg iman-nneɣ amek nella ɛzizit yerna uḥwajenaɣ. Ataya wansa ara nebdu a nefk afus i wayen akk yellan n ccɣul n tudert ara idumen. A nekcem ihi si tura yakan seg ukala araɣ yawin akken ara nesseɛdel tudert-nneɣ d lebɣi ameqqṛan n Adunay Yasuɛ. sekyed=observer, tasudest=stratégie, sumata= general, assenfel=développer, tameḍṛant=aspect, tisentilin timenzayin= objections principales, asentel=sujet, akala=processus 8

10 Talkensit : Imenzayen imedra Tikli yuysen s tasmessit n timetti aked tifadiwin-is Aqlaɣ ass-agi zdat yiwet n tudert tamaynut i yaɣ-d ittwanefken : Tudert-nni n ordinateur, d mkul ṣsenf n talɣiwin, war leɛdil timaynutin ixeddamen di ddunit amek tella liḥala-nsen. Bɣan meṛra ad-lemden ad-rennun di tlemmast n tanunnect-nsen. Awennaḍ-agi isdenkiyaɣ aṭas n tugtatin, amek ara nesseqdec akudnneɣ d yedrimen-nneɣ, d wamek ilaq a tili tassaɣt-nneɣ. Yer wayagi akk ara nernu taflest-nneɣ d wamek nebɣa a nidir! S nnig wamek ilaq a nexdem akken ara nbedd ɣer twaculin-nneɣ, akken ur ten-yettxaṣsa wacema, nessaram akken ara neqdec ɣef Yillu, a nesɛu aneɣlaf yelhan. Ilaq daɣen a nisin amek ara nesseqdec swayeɛ n umahil, imasayen n twaculin, Itfaren, d wamek ilaq a nili nhegga akken ara nekcem deg uneɣlaf di tlemmast n tmezgida-nneɣ. Anamek n wayagi akk, ilaq a nḥizz aṭas n wakud aked tezmert i wexxam, deg umahil, d wayen akk iḍeṛrun di tmezgida anda nella. Zdat wayagi akk am akken, ur d-yeqqim wacema n wakud iwakken ara yeggmu yiwen wa-d yaff iman-is. Idles i yaɣ-d yezzin isdenkey fellaɣ akken ara nxemmem akken yella lqaleb-is, deg waṭas n tɣewsiwin, i deg-i yella daɣen tmessaltnni, amek ara yeggmu yiwen ad-yaff iman-is. Nebɣa meṛra: Ddwa-nni tamkerra mačči d tifrat-nni n ṣṣeḥ ; Amek i teddu wayen mačči d tazmert n tasnezgimt yeṣfan ; Asileɣ ittɣawalen mačči d akala ittkemmilen deg uselmed ; Ayen yellan d tanga i taferra mačči d amek ara yelmed yiwen s umaglay d uṣsuneḍ ; Ikayaden n mkul ṣsenf mačči d lxudma yuḥwajen ṛruḥ akk d tasemlilt ; Isnasen isehlen mačči d tid yettawin ɣer usenfar yuɛṛen. Ihi ma nebɣa nekwni s imasiḥiyen n 21 leqṛun ur nɛeddel ara yidsen, ilaq a nettḥiz lweqt ilaqen, akken ara neggmu di tmusni anaff iman-nneɣ akken ilaq. Ulamek ara neɣfel fell-asen ma yella talkensit=collection, imenzayen imedra=principes fondamentaux, timetti=société, talɣiwin=informations, timaynutin=les nouvelles, awennaḍ=environnement, asdenkey=imposer, tuglatin=contraintes, tansayt=relation, aneɣlaf=ministère, imasayen=responsabilités, itfaren=devoirs, idles=culture, tamkerra=miracle, tasnezgimt=réflexion, asileɣ=formation, akala=processus, d tanga=matière, taferra=sensation, amaglay=sérieux, ssuneḍ=ordonné, Ikayaden=examens, tasemlilt=synthèse, isnasen=applications, asenfar=projet. 9

11 nebɣa ad-tteffeɣ di tudert-nneɣ lfakya. Nuḥwaj a nesɛu yiwet n tasudest d ayen araɣ yilin d amnir i wabrid n tudert-nneɣ. Yerna ayagi ilaq a nebdu deg-s war leɛḍil! Talkensit n imenzayen imedra tban-ed d allal araɣ yeɛɛiwnen deg caṛkiḍ-agi amenzu. Ihi tura a nɛeddi-t ɣer umecwaṛ amenzu! Imseɣra n talkensit Imenzayen imedra Adlis-agi yella d yiwen seg idlisen nniḍen iweṣfen yiwen umazrar. Talkensit di lekmala ines tesɛa aṭas n imazraren. Asentel n imenzayen imedra d ayen i d-ittwajebden di tebṛat n Bulus i d- yura i tmezgida nat At Kuluṣ, ataya tura qṛib 2000 iseggasen-ayagi. Ɣurwat amer a kun-yeṭṭef yiwen di tcerket unadi n tmusni-nni yellan d ineɣlankan yettɣurrun, lsas-is iress ɣef leɛwayed n yemdanen, ɣef imenzayen imedra inehṛen tudert di ddunit mačči ɣef Yasuɛ i tṛeṣsa. (At Kuluṣ 2.8) Ddunit-agi atan tella deg ufus n waṭas n imenzayen imedra, wa deffir-wa, (di tira iqedsen nezmer a nwali amek i d-hedren-t ɣef imenzayen imedra n ddunit). Maca aɛni mačči d ayen ilaqen, iwakken taflest-nneɣ d tudert-nneɣ tamasiḥit ur tṛeṣṣin-t ara ɛni ula d nutenti, ɣef imenzayen d lsasat iṣeḥḥan? Ayagi iqeddem-ed aserrusuy amenzu ara yelmed yiwen, ad-yafles wa-d yettidir ayen. Ayagi d ayen yellan ɣef usentel n lsas-nni ɣef ara iress lebni meṛra. Ma yella tidet-agi ur tettwassen ara, ayen nniḍen merra ad-yili yexṛeb! Amaskar i d-yuran tabṛat i Yiɛbṛaniyen, d ayen ibanen belli yegza akken ilaq ayagi. Di tebṛat Iɛebraniyen 5, ittḥelliy seg wid i ttiɣaṛen, iwakken ur d taǧǧan ara taflest-nsen tamaynut i yufan, naɣ mulac yella lxuf fell-asen : 11 Nesɛa aṭas ara-d nini ɣef usentel-agi, yerna d ayen yellan yuɛer a t-id izzegzu yiwen, acku tuɣalem tuɛrem i wuzzegzi. 12 Kunwi tili i tellam acḥal-aya d iselmaden, atan kunwi tuḥwajem mazal iwakken ara wen-iselmed yiwen leqqdami timezwura ɣef usentel n lumuṛat n Yillu, tuɣalem alami tuḥwajem ayefki mačči d lmakla iǧehden. 13 Kra n win mazal i teṭṭeḍ ayefki d llufan i gella, ur yessin ara ad yextiṛ s ger wayen yelhan d wayen n ddiri. 14 Maca lqut iǧehden yella i wid yegman uɣalen d irgazen, yesnen ad-ferẓen s ger lxiṛ d cceṛ. (Iɛebraniyen ) Imasiḥiyen Iɛebṛaniyen uɣalen alami d tun lsasat, imenzayen imedra n teflest-nsen. Asmi tuben uɣalen d imasiḥiyen, imaslaḍen n twaculin-nsen, aked yemdukkal-nsen iɛebṛaniyen; ḥeṛsen degsen, rennun akken ara-d uɣalen ɣer wabrid-nsen. Uɣalen alami i tasudest=stratégie, amnir=guide, talkensit-collection, imenzayen imedra= principes fondamentaux, allal=moyen, imseɣṛa=objectifs, amazrar=série, ineɣlan=illusion, amaskar=auteur, agzu=comprendre 10

12 ten-yekcem ccek ɣef usentil n lsasat n teflest tamasiḥit. Ayen ara-d nini d tagrayt, deg wayen i nwala yura dagi, ulamek ara yeggmu yiwen ad-yimɣuṛ war ma yefhem imenzayen iferdas n teflest tamasiḥit. Iswi n umazrar n yidlisen-agi iwakken ara kun-ɛiwnen a tafem imenzayen ilaqen, a kun-awin iwakken ara tawḍem a tebnum ɣef lsas-nsen, akken daɣen ara tegmum a tuɣalem d wid ɣef i yezmer ad-yettkel yiwen. Si tallit-nni tamenzut tamaynut yelhan n L Inǧil, alami d ass-a yal lǧil imasiḥiyen twaɛraḍen ad-ḥersen seg-imannsen, akken ara isinen wa-d ḥerzen imenzayen-agi. Timezgida daɣen tamenzut, uqbel ad-binen ɛinani imasiḥiyen d tikkin di tmezgida, ilaq-asen ad-lemden a didachè (aselmed). A didachè yella d agzul, aɛiwed n uselmed meṛra yellan d lsas n Lɛahed Amaynut Imenzayen imedra. Di tallit-nni n tasmeskelt lwuǧug iseggasen-nni 1600, aselmed-agi fkana-s isem n Katicisme, iswi ines daɣen wagi, akken ara yeɛɛiwen imasiḥiyen, iwakken ara issinen akken iwqem timedṛanin-agi imedra. Ihi, tamedṛant imenzayen imedra dayen iɛnan meṛra taɣulin n tudert. D ayen i d-yekkan si taɛwint n uselmed-nni ifazen. Ataya tura qṛib 150 iseggasen ayagi, John NEWMAN, deg wadlis-nni i wumi semma The Idea of University (Tamedṛant n tasdawit), Ixemmem yerna yefaka-yas isem, i wayagi iqurqac n imenzayen ilaqen. Yur NEWMAN, iswi n tasdawit akken ara-t sselmed leqdami timenza di kra yellan, dɣa a tuɣal aten-tawi alama d ansa idneqdaɛen-t tilisa timenzayin yellan d lsas a tesseqdec seg-sen iwakken ayen yellan d aqirquc ad-yuɣal tabexsist. Akka daɣen i tella ɣef usentel n teflest-nneɣ. M ara nawweḍ alama nessen akken ilaq imenzayen imedra, yerna a nezmer akken ara nidir ayagi di tiɣulin akw n tudert-nneɣ. Ataya wayen yellan d abrid yettawin akken ara nuɣal d irgazen ɣef i yezmer ad-yettkel yiwen. Ihi imazraren-agi meṛra n imenzayen imedra twaheggan-d akken ilaq, iwakken ara kun-ɛiwnen a tiǧhidem di teflest-nwen ɣef lsasat-agi meṛra! Ma yella tura-kan it-tubem ɣer teflest tamasiḥit, naɣ ma tḥussem deg iman-nwen amek tuḥwajem akken ara tegzum imenzayen-agi tikkelt tamezwarut, naɣ ahat tebɣam-kan iwakken ara ternum a teswem ayen tegzam ɣef imenzayen ilaqen i telflest, a ternum aselmed akteṛ, atan ad-leqqḍem aṭas n ubaɣuṛ i tudert-nwen. imenzayen imedra=principes fondamentaux, imaṣlaḍen=membres, asentel=sujet, tagrayt=conclusion, war=sans, iferdas=élémentaires, iswi=but, amazrar=série, tamaynutt=nouvelle, agzul=résumé, tasmeskelt=réforme, timedṛanin=notions, imedra =fondamentales, taɣlin=domaine, tasdawit=université 11

13 Talkensit Imenzayen imedra Amazrar 1 : Amazrar 2 : Amazrar 3 : 1. Issin amek ara-t sqedceḍ tira iqedsen Imenzayen imedra n uselmed n tira iqedsen 2. Zzegzu tuɣḍaṭ n ddunit meṛra Imenzayen imedra i d-ittwajebden di lecɣal n Yemcegɛen 3. Ssres lsas iǧehden Imenzayen imedra i d-ittwajebden si 1 aked 2 n Tissaluni 4. Issin amek tella tmuɣli n Yillu ɣef tmezgida Imenzayen imedra i d-ittwajebden si tebṛatt nat Ifasus 5. Iddir deg waxxam n Yillu Imenzayen imedra i d-ittwajebden si tebṛatin imeksawen n tmezgida Tameḍṛant n imnan n uselmed Iswi n umazrar-agi iwakken ara kun-issuɛef deg yiwen ukala n uselmed, a tuɣalem a tesɛum axemmem n tira iqedsen. Akala-yagi d ayen i d-ikuflen deg yiwen umadya aɛebṛani ɣef usentel n tusna i d- talkensit imenzayen imedra=collection des principes fondamentaux, abaɣuṛ= récolte, amazrar=série, tuɣḍaṭ=mission, imaɣyaden=disciplinée, izalen=valeurs, tarennawet=succès, igumma=fruits 12

14 ittwajebden si tira iqedsen (idlisen n didaché n tira iqedsen) s nnig wayagi yella unadi ameqqṛan ɣef wamek llan sselmaden zikk. Ihi aqerreb-agi d ayen ittwasqedcen di yal imniyen n uselmed n tira iqedsen n talkensit imenzayen imedra. Akka ihi, m ara tegzum akken ilaq tarayt-agi, a tilim twajdem i wayen akk yellan d ccɣul ama di amazrar-agi ama d imazraren ara-d yernun ɣer zdat. A tafem daɣem yiwen umedya n uselmed ur nuɛiṛ ara, yerna dayen ara tzemrem a tesqedcem ayen di kra yellan di tudert-nwen. Di xemsa n timliliyin timezwura, a tḍefṛem yiwen ukala n uselmed ara yebḍun ɣef ṛebɛa imecwaṛen. Timlilit tis setta yella deg-s yiwet n taggnit i wallas d wayen daɣen ara yilin d amecwaṛ aneggaru. Dayen ara kun-yawin iwakken ara-d arum tasemlilt n umahil i tkemlem di xemsa n timliliyin iɛeddan. Ad-tinim daɣen i wagraw-nwen amecṭuḥ ayen iɛelmen tudert-nwen di xemsa-nni imecwaṛen. Yiwen n Akala Aeelmed s Anagraw (A.A.A) Yiwen ukala uselmed n anagraw ittwasqedcen deg idlisen-agi, d ayen ara kun-iɛiwnen iwakken ara tilim dima twejdem, kra n tikkelt i deg ara tilim zdat wazrug n tira iqedsen. A.A.A. dayen ara wen-yilin d asmekti belli aselmed n tira iqedsen, mačči d tarmit n wasɣafes yufa yiwen deg yiwen wazrug n tira iqedsen, maca d ayen yebnan s ukayed akken iwqem. Akala yagi yesɛa rebɛa imecwaṛen imenzayen aked yiwen umecwaṛ n tagara, ara yilin tasemlilt n ccɣul ittwakemlen deg imecwaren iɛeddan. Xemsa n temliliyin timezwura: Di xemsa n taggnitin timezwura n yal adlis n Imenzayen imedra, d ayen ara tafem di yal timlilit, ṛebɛa imecwaren-agi : 1) Lmed tira iqedsen ; 2) Sekyed iwenniten ; 3) Xemmem ɣef iselkamen ; 4) Snes imenzayen. Tixutert n yal amecwar ittwazzegz-ed deg wayen yellan ɣer zdat. Lmed tira iqedsen Amecwaṛ-agi yella d amedra. Ulamek nessaweḍ a nesnirem timessalin n tira iqedsen war ma negza akala=processus, imniyen=guide, tegzum=comprendre, taṛayt=méthode, amedya=exemple, ukala=processus, allas=révision, tasemlilt=synthèse, anagraw=systématisé, azrug=passage, tarmit=mystique, akayeḍ=examen, asɣafes=mystification, sekyed iwenniten=consulter les commentaires, aselkem=implication, asnas=appliquer, tixutert=l importance, azzegz=expliquer 13

15 anamek n wayen n lemmed nekwni di tra iqedsen. Igrawen n lehduṛ anda, yal yiwen iqqar-ed ayen ittxemmim, ayagi d ayen i yaɣ issebɛaden ɣef uxemmem n tira iqedsen; yerna d ayen daɣen izemren ad-issibɛed yiwen ɣef Yillu. Tiswiɛin d ayen sseqdacen akken ara fren lexsas-nsen n tmusni. Di yal taggnit n wadlis, d ayen ara netmahal dima, akken nesɛa lɛada, alama nekfa amecwaṛ amenzu. Anebdu s kra n tɣuri n tira iqedsen, dɣa ad-nefk tiririt i kra n yesteqsiyen yellan. Yerna ad-ssegzul aselmed yellan d ajgu alemmas n wayen i d-neɣṛa. Ayen ara yilin d cɣul-nwen deg umecwaṛ-agi : Ɣeṛ yiwen wazrug n tira iqedsen ; Xemmem ɣef tmessalin yesɛa ; Sagzul aselmed alemmas n wayen teɣṛid. Sekyed iwenniten Amecwar-agi daɣen d ayen isɛan aṭas n tixutra, xas ma yella mačči d ayen iɛeqlen akk imasiḥiyen n tasuti yellan ass-a. Illu iskaray-ed iselmaden i tnadin dima akken ara qedcen ɣef yal tasuti. Ṭtebbat-agi n tira iqedsen zemren ad-qerḥen tiswiɛin timezgida, zemren daɣen as-ilin d lbaraka. Ɣef wakka i yawen-d nextaṛ akken iwqem si kra n yidlisen i duran imusnawenagi imeqqṛanen n tira nesnejmaɛ-ed seg-sen ayen i yaɣ-d ibanen izmer akun-iɛiwen. Amek id-ttwaqedmen s ssin ṣsenfat. Tazwart, s kra iwenniten ɣef wayen i d-neɣṛa di tira iqedsen, dɣa ad-rnun deffir kra n imukan i d uran akken ara yili d aɛiwen, iwakken ara issegzu yiwen akken ilaq, tidet akk yeqnen ɣer wayen id-neɣra. Cɣul-nwen deg umecwaṛ-agi : Ɣer awennit-agi amecṭuḥ, txemmeḍ fell-as ; Ɣer issimlen ara yilin am tsura, txemmeḍ daɣen ɣef wayen ; Aru-t ixemmimen i yawen-d yusan si tɣuṛi-nwen. Xemmet ɣef iselkamen Amecwaṛ-agi iswi ines akken ara kun-iɛiwen a txemmem, ɣef iselkamen n uselmed, n wayen i tellam tlemdem tura. Ma tɣeflem ɣef tikli-yagi yezmer awen-iṛuḥ waṭas n asnirem=explorer, agzul=résumer, segzul=résumer, skeyyed iwenniten=consulter les commentaires, tasuti = génération, issimlen=citations 14

16 unamek yesɛan azal aṭas, ɣef tidet ara yilin d ajgu alemmas imenzayen imedra n teflest. Timessalin-agi ara tqablem deg agrawen imecṭuḥen, d ayen ara yeldin imawen i lehduṛ waygarawen. Lehduṛ, amedya ɣef yiwen wagur zdat tafat n tira iqedsen, d ayen ara kun-yawin ɣer yiwet n tagrayt deg wagraw-nwen. Mačči deg agraw-agi ara tekkatem amek ara iɛeddi ixemmimen-nwen, maca iwakken ara twalim yal taɣewsiwt s tafat n tira iqedsen, akken yebɣu yili useqsi. Cɣul-nwen deg umecwaṛ-agi : Xemmet ɣef tmessalin i d-yellan, t-arum tiktiyin-nwen uqbel a tebdum lehduṛ ; Hedṛet deg agraw-nwen amecṭuḥ ɣef tmessalt yellan ; Aru-t tigraytin n wayen ɣef i t-hedṛem. Snes imenzayen Amecwaṛ-agi t-kemmel i tasufeɣt n uselmed. Iswi n wayagi akk mačči iwakken-kan ara negzu agur amek yella, neɣ m ara negzu ayen i d-qqaren-t tira iqedsen deg wayen i d- neɣṛa, maca iwakken ara-t nesnes, at-nesseqdec di tudert-nneɣ. Asnas-agi daɣen ilaq ad-ittwaqqen ɣer tidet n wayen i nelmed di tira iqedsen. Cɣul-nwen deg umecwaṛ-agi : Tuɣalin ɣer tlata imecwaren imezwura ; Ad-nejbed deg-sent yiwen wasnas i tudert-nneɣ. Timlilit tis seta : Attili d taggnit taneggarut n wamni uselmed ara yilin daɣen d amecwaṛ aneggaru. Aɛiwed n wamsal i tudert-nneɣ Amecwaṛ-agi issemlal-ed akk akala n uselmed. Di xemsa n temliliyin, neḍfeṛ, Akala n Aselmed Anagraw yesɛan rebɛa imecwaren (A.A.A.). Tura ihi di temlilit tis setta, ad-negzul amahil akk i twakemlen, a nesɛeddi tudert-nneɣ deg usekyed. iselkamen= implications, tagrayt=conclusion, tiktiyin=idées, tigraytin=conclusions, snaset imenzayen=appliquer les principes, tasufeɣt=cycle, iswi=but, gzu= comprendre, maca=mais, sanes=appliquer, amni=guide 15

17 Asnas ara yilin sufella-kan ɣef wayen iɛnan tidet n tira iqedsen ur nezmir anesgiwen s wayagi-kan. Acḥal d abrid, i nettbeddad di leqṛaya-nneɣ uqwbel a tuɣal d ayen i deg ara teṭṭef tudert-nneɣ. Xemmem ɣef isnasen ilaqen, yeqnen ɣer uselmed n tira iqedsen, d ayen isɛan aṭas n tixutra. Maca asekyed n tudert-nneɣ, akken ma tella, zdat tafat n tmaynutin-agi meṛra, d ayen yesɛan azal aṭas! Amecwar aneggaru n akala n uselmed iḥres deg-neɣ, iwakken ara nxemmem akken ilaq i tudert-nneɣ meṛra zdat tafat n tidet-at-agi i nsekyed alami d tura. Ayagi d ayen araɣ yawin, iwakken ara t- beddel tmuɣli-nneɣ ɣef ddunit. Ilaq a neǧǧ tidett-at agi inelmed iwakken ara ɛiwden-t amsal i tudert-nneɣ kamel. Cɣul-nneɣ deg umecwaṛ-agi : Asekfiwel n ul-nwen s tnegzimt, sɛut aɣmis-nwen, akk tẓallit ; Asekfiwel n unelli-nwen Tḥeddidet deg-wen timedliyin yefran banen-t, ceffu-t, t-ḥerzem tira iqedsen. Asekfiwel n tudert-nwen s tiɣtasin, d isenfaren-nwen akk d tinumiwint n tudert. Sin n isemmaden ara yilin i yimniyen n tazrawt : Yiwen wafsar aked yiwet n tgezmi ɣef ussileɣ ara irennun. Afsar wamtu aked tmeḍṛant n tira iqedsen yellan d tasarut: Iswi n wafsar-agi iwakken ara wen-d yefk azzegzi imeslayen imaynuten. Nessenqes deg-sen aṭas deg wamni-yagi n tazrawt, maca ur nezmir ara yerna mačči d ayen ilaqen, iwakken ara n wexxeṛ ɣef kra n imeslayen ur neshil ara, maca sɛan amkannsen aked d tixutra. Llan kra imeslayen imaynuten imeslayen-agi di tira iqedsen d ayen i ččuṛen d tabaɣurt aked d tidet imeslayenagi d ayen ilaqen aten-yelmed yiwen. Iwakken ara nessifses akala yagi, nerna-d yiwen wafsar nniḍen. Akken ara tkemlem assileɣ-nwen : Tigezmi yagi d ayen ara kun-iɛiwnen iwakken ara tafem tiliwa nniḍen i s ara tkemlem assileɣ-nwen. D ayen isɛan azal aṭas, iwakken ur tɣeflem ara ɣef ussileɣ-nwen, m ara tkemlen adlis amezwaru. Ilaq a tegzum belli aql-akun tserrusuyem lsasat i wuselmed ara i dumen tudert kamel. aɛiwed n wumsal n tudert-nneɣ=remodeler nos vies, assemlil=synthèse, akala= processus, anagraw=systématisé, asekyed=examen, timaynutin=nouvelles, kfiwel=engagez, tanegzimt=réflexion, aɣmis=journal, inelli=esprit, tḥeddidet timedliyin-nwen=forgeant des convictions personnelles, tiɣtasin=décisions, isenfaren=projets, yinza=compléments, imniyen=guides, afsar=glossaire, tameḍṛant=concept, tigezmi=section, asileɣ=formation, awtu=terme 16

18 Ttiki di tuɣḍaṭ n ddunit merra Taggnitt 1 Deg wadlis amezwaru n talkensit-agi, Anelmad ara nuɣal, nwala amek i d-yeǧǧa Yasuɛ yiwet n tuɣḍaṭ : A nṛuḥ a nerr iɣlan meṛṛa d inelmaden. Deg yiwen wadlis nniḍen, Illi n twacult n twaculin, nelmed deg-s aɣawas kamel n Yasuɛ iwakken ara ikemmel tuɣdaṭis. aɣawas-agi iwakken ara uɣalen inelmaden-agi ttiwaculin n wid yumnen, ittusema ttimezgida anda nella. Timezgidatin-nneɣ anda nella d ayen iweṣfen aɣawas ikemlen n Yasuɛ. Deg wadlis-agi, a nsekyed akken iwqem tasudest n Yasuɛ, amek ara yerr iɣlan d inelmaden-is, a nwali daɣen tamlilt ara nkemmel nekkni iwakken ara nikki seg wayagi meṛṛa. A nebdu ihi tazrawt s yiwen wazrug n tira iqedsen ara yilin am tsarut, d ayen i d-ittwajebden seg wadlis n Lecɣal - Lecɣal alama d A nwali deg-s amek i d-yefser wayen akk ilaqen i tasudest-agi. Di taggnit-agi, a nwali amek ittwabeccer L Inǧil i wat iɣlan d wamek daɣen assegrew imaynuten ifelsen, weṣfen timezgida anda llan. Iswi n tegzimt-agi iwakken araɣ-d yefk lemtel ilaqen a neḍfeṛ, iwakken ara teffeɣ ɣer tafat assagi tuɣḍaṭ n Yasuɛ. M ara negzu, lemtel-agi, d ayen ara nesseqdec sya ɣer zdat di tudert-nneɣ, d ayen araɣ yawin a nkemmel asekfiwel-nneɣ am wakken yella lebɣi n Yasuɛ ɣef yal yiwen. Lmed tira iqedsen Ɣeṛ : Lecɣal alama d Xemmem ɣef tmessalin-agi ara yilin ɣer zdat : 1. Anwa icegɛen Bulus aked Barnabas deg usikel-nni amezwaru n tuɣḍaṭ? 2. Anda i ṛuḥen, akken ara becren l Inǧil? Amek ixedmen? 3. D acu xedmen i yimaynuten i ttuben? 4. Tella kra n tɣewsiwt ixedmen di yal amkan anda ara bedden? talkensit=collection, tuɣdaṭ=mission, aɣawas=plan, asekyed=examiner, tasudest=stratégie, tamlilt=rôle, tazrawt=étude, azrug=passage, iswi=but, tegzimt=section, gzu=comprendre, asekfiwel=engagement 17

19 Gzul-ed aselmed alemmas n yezrugen-agi n tira iqedsen: Arut tigraytin-nwen am yiwet n tgemmunt n tseddaṛin, naɣ d uzenziɣ naɣ yiwen umazrar n tirawt naɣ d kra n tfelwit. Xtiṛ-et ṣsenf n taɣwalt i yawen isehlen. Nadit akken ara-d tefkem awennit, ɣef wumuɣ n lecɣal n Bulus d wayen i yawen-d ibanen, i d-iweḥḥa i tmezgida. Aselmed imedra n Lecɣal alama d : Sekyed iwenniten Iwenniten-agi ara yilin ɣer zdat sɛan iswi iwakken ara kun-ɛiwnen a tegzum izrugen n tira iqedsen, d ayen daɣen ara tisekren deg-wen akken ara txemmem ɣef iselkamen n uselmed. assikel=voyage, tuɣdaṭ=mission, gzu=comprendre, amenzawi=central, izrugen=passages, tigraytin=conclusions, azenziɣ=schéma, amazrar=série, tafelwit=tableau, taɣwalt=communication, awennit=commentaire, umuɣ=liste 18

20 Ɣeṛ awennit-agi amecṭuḥ ɣef Lecɣal alama d 14.28, txemmeḍ ɣef wayen akk yellan deg-s : Adlis n lecɣal, d ayen i d-iḥekkun ɣef umezruy n tmezgida n lqeṛn amezwaru. Yura-d adlis-agi Luqa, s tawila-nni n leḥkaya umeddaḥ, yella d yiwen seg wid iqedcen d Bulus, yella d yiwen seg wagraw n imeɣḍaḍen. Bac a nawweḍ akken ara nesseɛdel tudertnneɣ ass-a, am waken yella wadlis-agi n lecɣal, ilaq-aɣ a negzu acuɣeṛ i d-yura Luqa adlis-agi, yerna adlis-agi n Lecɣal d asuneḍ wis sin n Luqa yellan am tira n umezray. Amezwaru ines d L Inǧil n Luqa, yeḥka-d ɣef umezruy aked ccɣul n Yasuɛ. Luqa yenna-d anamek n wayen i t-yewwin iwakken ara-d yaru leḥkaya umezrayagi s sin isunaḍ, nezmer a nwali ayagi di Luqa 1.1-4: Yura-d i Tawfilus iwakken ara-s isselmed ad-yegmu di teflest. Awal isseqdec di Luqa 1.4 yella am wawal-nni n tagrikit «katecheo», seg wawalagi i d-yeffeɣ wawal-nni n tefransist «catechisme». Luqa mi-d yura sin isunaḍ-agi n umezray, iswi n Luqa, mačči iwakken-kan araɣ-d yefk kra n tmuɣli, ɣef usentel n wayen i d-yedṛan di tlemmast n tmezgida n lqeṛn amezwaru. Maca yebɣa aɣ-isselmed ula d nekki akken ara negmu di teflest, teflest-nni id-beccṛen yemcegɛen n Adunay Yasuɛ. Am Roland Allen, yiwen umeɣḍaḍ aneglizi, inna-d akken iwqem ula d netta: «Lecɣal sselmaden-aɣ abrid n Yasuɛ aked win n yemcegɛen». A nernu ayagi ɣer tebṛatin n imeɣḍaḍen, imcegɛen n waṭas n tmezgidatin, war ma nettu tibṛatin n Bulus, ayen i d-yura iban-ed am yiwet n tfelwit ikemlen, i deg-i nezmer a nwali aselmed n Yasuɛ amek i t-ḍefṛen yemcegɛen-is, iban-ed si lecɣal-nsen. Ataya anda nezmer a nwali amek gzan nutni aselmedagi d wamek iṣṣawaḍen i wiyyiḍ aselmed-agi n Yasuɛ. Ataya s wacu ara negzu ula d nekni «caticci», ataya lɛinseṛ ansa ara-d nagum, iwakken ara nkemmel tuɣḍaṭ umeɣraḍ di yal tasuti. Adlis n Lecɣal yella-d, iwakken ara-d yeḥku wa-d yefser akken ara negzu aɣawas n Yillu. Ataya wamek iṛuḥ yeffeɣ L Inǧil ittwabecceṛ ɣef wudem n lqaɛa meṛṛa, timezgidatin gemmunt rennunt. Lecɣal 13.1 alama d Ḥekkun-d ɣef ussikel amezwaru n tuɣḍaṭ n Bulus. Ayen yuran dagi, yefka-yaɣ-d yiwet n tugna yeṣfan tban-ed akken ilaq tasudest n Bulus, d wayen akk i sseqdec di ṭṭul n waɣlif-is. Aseqsi amezwaru ara yilin i yal yiwen deg-nneɣ d wagi yellan zdat-nneɣ: amek llan imenzayen n tmeẓṛit n tasudest n Bulus i tuɣḍaṭ? Wis sin : Nuḥwaj ass-a naɣ xaṭi iwakken ara neḍfeṛ tasudest-agi n Bulus ma nebɣa a nkemmel ula d nekkni tuɣḍaṭ umeɣrad? An-sekyed di tazwara aseqsi amezwaru : Bulus yesɛa sekyed iwenniten=consulter les commentaires, gzu=comprendre, azrug=passage, iselkamen=implications, tawila=style, imeɣḍaḍen=missionnaires, asuneḍ=volume, tafelwit=tableau, ameɣrad=universelle, aɣawas=plan 19

21 naɣ xaṭi tasudest i yas yellan d lsas? Ma yella terram-d ih, amek tella tasudest-agi? M ara n sekyed akken iwqem yal taɣewsiwt n usekkil n tuɣḍaṭ amezwaru n Bulus, d ayen araɣ yeɛɛiwnen akken ara negzu wa naf tlata illalen imenzayen i yas yellan d lsas n tasudest ines. Tamezwarut deg-sen-t, ansa yekka Bulus i ttbeccir L Inǧil. Deg usekkil ines, iḥebbes di kra n temdinin i yas-d ibanen am imukan yelhan i tasudest, i ttruḥ di tazwara ɣer wat isṛaɛil dɣa ittezzi ɣer wat leǧnas. Ulama xas akken tban tuɣḍaṭ-is, iwakken ara ibeccer L Inǧil i wat leǧnas, maca Bulus ibeddu dima anda yelḥeq, abeccer ines di Ṣinagug i wat Isṛaɛil, ittqadaṛ aṭas agdud yextaṛ Yillu. Dɣa m ara ifak abeccer i wat Isṛaɛil i ttruḥ ad-ibeccer L Inǧil i wat iɣlanen. Ur isseqdac ara dima yiwen wadlag akken ara ibeccer L Inǧil maca ttebcira ines tamenzawit tezga ur t-beddel ara (Ttebcira n L Inǧil, walit Taggnit 1 n wadlis Anelmad ara nuɣal). Tis snat, issegrew wid ifelsen, isselmad-asen war leɛḍil «imenzayen imedra» n teflest, ataya wamek i d-ttlalen-t tmezgidatin timaynutin. Tis tlata, isbeddad di yal timezgida iqbuṛen. Aḍris n Lecɣal isban-ed akken ilaq imecwaṛen-agi. Nwala dagi taɣara n Bulus Abeccer n L Inǧil di temdinin timeqqṛanin, asseɣseṛ n tmezgidatin timaynutin, isbeddad iqbuṛen akken ara ɛassen ɣef tmezgidatin-agi timaynutin - taɣara-yagi d ayen inezmer a nwali deg waɣlif meṛṛa n Bulus. Llan maḍi wid yefkan isem i taɣara n Bulus «tasufeɣt ibuluṣen». Deg wadlis-is, Planting Churches Cross-Culturally (Asseɣseṛ n tmezgidatin seg idles ɣer wayeḍ), David HESSELGRAVE isbanaɣ-d yal taɣewsiwt yellan di tasudest n Bulus. Adlis-is ihreg si tasufeɣt-agi, yeḥṛes iman-is iwakken ur s tettruḥ ulama d yiwet n tɣewsiwt, yebɣa ad-ifser azenziɣ n tuɣḍaṭ n Bulus s wadlis n Lecɣal aked ttebṛatin ittwacegɛen i tmezgidatin. HESSELGRAVE isban-ed kra n illalen nniḍen izemren ad-rnun ɣer tasudest n Bulus, tlata illalen-agi yellan d lsas, banen-d akken iwqem deg usekkil umezwaru n tuɣḍaṭ n Bulus. Aseqsi wis sin d ayen isɛan azal ameqqṛan i wusileɣ-nneɣ assagi. Amek ilaq-aɣ dima, iwakken ara nedfeṛ amedya n Bulus «tasufeɣt ibuluṣen» di tasudest-nneɣ n tuɣḍaṭ? Ih, ilaq-aɣ ayagi. Llan-t tlata n taɣẓinin ikenden ɣef tiririt-agi. Di tazwara, adlis n Lecɣal ur yelli ara-kan d yiwet n temsirt n umezruy. Adlis-agi yellad iwakken araɣ isselmed dayen imi qqaṛen s tefransist catéchisme «deg wabrid n Yasuɛ d win n yemcegɛen». Yerna adlis-agi n asikel=voyage, tuɣdaṭ=mission, tugna=image, tasudest=stratégie, aɣlif=ministère, tmeẓṛit=aspect, adlag=décor, imenzayen imedra=principes fondamentaux, iqbuṛen=anciens, aḍris=texte, seɣser=établir, idles=culture 20

22 Lecɣal yella deg-s wayen akk ikemmel Yasuɛ d wayen i d-yumeṛ i yemcegɛen (Maṭa ; Luqa ; Lecɣal 1.1). Ayagi d ayen araɣ yeɛɛiwnen iwakken ara nwali amek gzan aselmed-agi imasiḥiyen imezwura. Cɣul i yas weklen i Bulus, iwakken ara iruḥ ad-ibeccer L Inǧil i wat iɣlan (Ifasus ) wa-d yesbin daɣen tafat akteṛ ɣef usentel n uɣawas n Yasuɛ i tmezgidatin. Bulus iweṣṣa wid iqedcen yides, iwakken ara sbedden timezgidatin meṛra akken yella uɣawas-agi (Timuti ; Tit 1.5). Abeccer n L Ingil s wamek ara-d yernu deffir usbed n tmezgidatin, ayagi d ayen yellan di lball n Yasuɛ, iwakken ara isselmed timezgida-s, a ttiǧhid. Bulus iweṣṣa daɣen i yergazen-nni issuleɣ akken ara ṛuḥen nnuba-nsen ad-slemden ayen i wiyyiḍ (2 Timuti 2.2). Tuɣḍaṭ n umeɣrad iswi ines iwakken ara seftin timezgidatin ɣef wudem n lqaɛa meṛṛa. adbecren L Inǧil anda ur yettwassen ara urɛad, ad-sbedden timezgidatin akken ara-d jemɛent imaynuten yumnen, dɣa ad-ilin-t tmezgidatin-agi s ger ifassen n yemḍebṛen ittwaxtaṛen wejden s uselmed, ataya acu n illalen yellan d lsas n tuɣḍaṭ n tmezgidatin meṛṛa, di yal idles, si tasuti ɣer tasuti! Ɣeṛ issimlen yellan am tsura, txemmeḍ ɣef wayagi : Assimel yellan ɣer zdat d ayen i d-ittwaksen seg wadlis n David HESSELGRAVE, Planting Churches Cross-Culturally : A Guide for Home and Foreign missions (Seɣser timezgidatin seg idles ɣer wayeḍ: Amnir i tuɣḍaṭ n ddaxel akk ttin n beṛra). Adlis-agi ifser-ed yal taɣewsiwt ɣef tasufeɣt ibuluṣen deg wadlis n Lecɣal. «Ma yella Lɛahed amaynut yefka-yaɣ-d amedya n tasudest yelhan iwakken ara nesbeddad timezgidatin ara igemmun adttnernint, tasudest n Bulus teɛdel d wayen yellan di L Inǧil. Deg mi yaɣ-d yefka lewṣef n wamek llant timlilin n Butṛus aked wiyyiḍ ɣef usentel n ubeccer n L Inǧil ṣsawḍen mačči-kan i wat isṛaɛil maca iɛedda i tilas n tmurt-nsen, Luqa deg wayen i d- yura, iḥazz amur i d-iṣaḥen i yizem, yefka-t i Bulus aked wid iqedcen yides. Amur nniḍen n lɛahed amaynut, llant deg-s tebṛatin meṛṛa i d-yura Bulus i tmezgidatin aked imḍebrennsent. D ayen ibanen, belli ayen yuran di Lɛahed amaynut, ttebcira n Bulus d ayen yebnan akken ilaq. I wat Galasya, imi teqluqel teflest s wagraw-nni yeṭfen di ddin n Yudayin, inna-yasen: Atan xas, ma yusa-d yiwen-ulama d nekkni, naɣ d lmelk n igenni ara- assileɣ=formation, tasufeɣt ibuluṣen=cycle paulinien, tasudest=stratégie, tuɣḍaṭ=mission, tiɣẓinin=raisons, tamsirt=leçon, gzu=comprendre, asentel=sujet, aɣawas=plan, ameɣrad=universelle, iswi=but, seftin=multiplier, illalen=éléments 21

23 d yasen,iwakken ara wen-d ibeccer ttebcira ixulfen tin i yawen-d nbeccer, ad-yettwanɛel! (Galasya 1.8). I wat Kurant, ɛettben waṭas n waguren i d-yeɣlin ɣef tmezgida-nsen, yura yasen : Ataya tansay i yi-d yusan s ɣur Adunay, d ayen i yawen-d ṣsawḍeɣ (1 Kurant a). M ara iwali yiwen ayen yuran di Lɛahed amaynut, nezmer adnini d ayen ibanen belli Bulus d yiwen wargaz, yellan d amedya i d-iqedmen amek ilaq ad-yili wa-d yexdem umasiḥi. I wat Kurant yuḥwajen, ccedhan ad-walin amek ilaq ad-yili umasiḥi n ṣseḥ, izmer ih Bulus asen-iberreḥ imeslayen-agi ifazen: Defṛet ihi amedya inu (1 Kurant a). Ih s tidet Bulus ur yelli ara d aneblal. Yerna yezṛa ayagi s timad-is. Ataya ɣef wacu i d-yerna imeslayen-nni yesɛan azal ameqqṛan «am nekk, di tama inu, ḍefṛeɣ amedya n Yasuɛ» (1 Kurant b). Amedya n Bulus ihi yella d amagnu acku yettbin-ed deg-s umedya aneblal, winna n Yasuɛ s timad-is. D acu ara-d nini ɣef wamek yella Bulus d ameɣḍaḍ? Am waken i d-nenna yakan belli, ulac taɣẓint iṣeḥḥan i s ara nefles belli Ṛruḥ Uqdis ittraju seg-neɣ, iwakken ara neḍfeṛ Bulus s uqmac n wallen, akken ara neḥṛes seg iman-nneɣ a nettbeccir kullec am Bulus. Di tama nniḍen, di tebṛatin meṛra llant deg-sent waṭas n lewṣayat ibanen, d ayen i yaɣ-d yeqqaṛen amek ilaq a nkemmel ccɣul ttarayt daɣen yellan yeɛdel, am nutni ilaq a nṛuḥ anda yella lɣaci, a nbeccer L Inǧil, a neṭṭef afus i wid ara ituben, atenid nessegrew akken ara uɣalen ttimezgida, aten-sselmed di teflest, a nesbed imḍebṛen, a nerr s ddaw leɛnaya d ṛreḥma n Yillu imaynuten ifelsen.» 1 Ass-agi, llan aṭas n wid yeqqaṛen belli tuɣḍaṭ n Lɛahed amaynut yella d ccɣul n yexxamen imeqqṛanen imeɣḍaḍen n tmasiḥit, aked tuddisen uɛiwen. Ataya tura qṛib sebɛin iseggasen ayagi, Roland ALLEN yura-d tlata idlisen ɣef usentel n ccɣul imeɣḍaḍen di ddunit, isbanaɣ-d amek llan wid n tura d wamek llan wid umedya n Lɛahed amaynut. Deg usuneḍ wis sin, The Spontaneous Expansion of the Church (Timezgida tettnerni s timad-is), isban-ed akken ilaq acḥal i ten-yeɛɛawen umedya n tuɣḍaṭ yellan di Lɛahed amaynut. «Iwakken ara nkemmel ccɣul n tuɣḍaṭ, nesɛa snat n tuddsiwin, yiwet ttaqdimt tayyeḍ ttamaynut. Yiwet teshel, tayyeḍ tuɛeṛ: tuddsa isehlen d ayen yellan ttaḍulli, ttin n tmezgida, tuddsa i d- yettbinen n tura yerna tuɛeṛ, ttin n timetti imeɣḍaḍen. tasudest=stratégie, timliltin=rôles, asentel=sujet, Yudayin=Judaïsme, tansayt=tradition, aneblal=parfait, amagnu=reflet, ameɣḍaḍ=missionnaire, taɣẓint=raison, tarayt=méthode 22

24 Di lebda, timezgida tebna yerna teddes s yiwet tikti n tuɣḍaṭ i ccɣul ara-d iḥerren meṛṛa ddunit. Tella imiren iqeɛɛed kullec deg-s, dduklen-t terwiḥin yedren, i d-ijebden adif n tudert-nsen di Yasuɛ, yellan d aqerruy n tmezgida. Uddis-nni isenfal irennu imi yeṭṭef di lewṣayat ilaqen, ččuṛen ttudert alami-d ittenfal, llan am akken ɣef yiwen di Yasuɛ, amsellek. Tella tikli-nsen imiren, d ayen ifazen aṭas i wuddis ssulɣen. Uddis-agi yella ttafekka n tmeɣḍaṭ. imiren ur nǧiṛen ara abrid n tuɣḍaṭ i s ara ṛuḥen ɣer tmezgidatin akk yellan di tazwara. Maca uddis yellan di tlemmast n tmezgida ufan ur ttixuṣ wara. Ulama xas akken ittbin-ed am wayen isehlen, maca yella deg-s kullec. Yal yiwen yezmer ad-yaf amkan iwakken ara-d yini ayen yellan ɣef wul-is, imi yal yiwen deg-sen, yella am yiwen umeɣḍaḍ ɣef izemren adtteklen. Llan irkul am yiwet n tfekka iwenɛen di kra yellan, timezgida tettkel ɣef ccɣul-nsen, tezṛa tmezgida acu xedmen imaṣlaḍen-is. Tgemmu tettnerni tmezgida s imaṣlaḍen-is imekdiyen, ibedden akken iwqem ɣer ccɣul-nsen.» 2 David NIRINGIYE, yella d yiwen umeqqṛan n L Inǧil ixedmen di Uganda, ihdeṛ-ed ɣef kra n tiktiyin iɛedlen akka, deg yiwen umagrad i d-yura i waɣmis ameqqṛan imeɣḍaḍen, l Evangelical Missions Quarterly. «Dayen i yisewhamen dima, yecqiṛriw-iyi m ara ttmuquleɣ amek tella tasudest n tmezgida tamecṭuḥt imeɣḍaḍen yellan deg wadlis n Lecɣal, iban-ed deg-s amek ḥersen iman-nsen ad-rren akk igduden d inelmaden (Maṭa 28.19). M ara nbedd an-muquel timezgida n lqeṛn amezwaru, ur nesɛin ara dduzan d ttawil nesɛa ass-agi nekkni, ur nezmir ara a neqqim war ma nefka i yiman-nneɣ asteqsi yagi: amek agraw-agi amecṭuḥ inelmaden n Yasuɛ, ṣsawḍen iwakken ara sqedcen s lǧehd tazrirt-nsen di ddunit imiren, acu n lbaḍna aɛni sɛan?... S waṭas n yesteqsiyen i yeldiɣ adlis n tira iqedsen. Amek ara yuɣal yiwen d ameɣḍaḍ? D acu aɛni i d-annar n imeɣḍaḍen? Anda ara-t naf? Acu n temlilt ara yilin n tmezgida tamecṭuḥt am tin-nneɣ di Uganda, amek ara tezmer a ttiki di lecɣal n imeɣḍaḍen n tmezgida umeɣrad? Skeydeɣ ih akken iwqem ayen yuran deg wadlis n Lecɣal. kra ma ɣareɣ deg-s kra ma ttwaliɣ acḥal yella lxilaf s ger tisudas-nneɣ aked wayen sɛant tmezgidatin timezwura». 3 tuɣḍaṭ=mission, imeɣḍaḍen=missionnaires, tuddisen=organismes, asentel=sujet, asuneḍ=tome, ttaḍulli=nécessaire, timetti société, teddes=organisée, imaṣlaḍen=membres, amagrad=article, aɣmis=journal 23

25 Tirawt n tiktiyin akk ara-d ikuflen seg wayen i teɣṛam deg iwenniten-agi wezzilen aked ismilen yellan : Xemmet ɣef iselkamen Timezgida tella daxel n wul uɣawas n Yasuɛ - d ayen akk iɛnan timezgidatin. Di tasnezgimt-nwen, fket-as azal tuklal tmezgida. Aqlaɣ n ttidir deg yiwent n tallit i deg ur fkin ara akk azal i tmezgida naɣ ad-yili yiwen d ayla n tejmeɛt, yal wa ansa ijebbed akken ara yawweḍ ɣer wayen ittmenni, ad-yawweḍ ɣer iswiyen-is yesbed. Xemmet ihi ɣef iselkamen i d-yefɣen seg uɣawas kamel n Yasuɛ, iban-ed deg-s yal taɣewsiwt ilaqen i twaculin-nneɣ n teflest. Asentel : Amkan alemmas n tmezgida deg uɣawas n Yasuɛ Xemmet ɣef tmessalin-agi yellan ɣer zdat uqbel a tebdum lehdur: tasudest=stratégie, imeɣḍaḍen=missionnaires, tazrirt=influence, temlilt=rôle, ameɣrad=universelle 24

26 1. Ttaḍulli naɣ xaṭ iwakken ara neḍfeṛ tasudest n Bulus ass-agi? Ilaq-aɣ naɣ xaṭi iwakken ara nxemmem akken ara nceggeɛ imaṣlaḍen n tmezgidatin-nneɣ ɣer kra imukan yuɛṛen di ddunit, imi uḥwajen L Inǧil aked ttmezgidatin? 2. Ma yella nebɣa ass-agi, iwakken ara nedfeṛ imenzayen yellan d lsas n tasudest n Bulus, acu n tɣedweft ara tesɛu tmezgida ma texdem ayagi? 3. Amek ara nezmer a nmehreg si lemtel i yaɣ-d yeǧǧa Bulus deg idelsan-nneɣ n tura? 4. Deg wacu i tzemrem a ttegrem afus a ttikim di tuɣḍaṭ n ddunit, iwakken ara uɣalen-t tmezgidatin ɣef waṭas? Tirawt tiririyin-nwen timezwura n tmessalin uqbel a tebdum lehdur : iselkamen=implications, aɣawas=plan, tasnezgimt=réflexion, iswiyen=buts, ttaḍulli=nécessaire, tasudest=stratégie, imaṣlaḍen=membres, imenzayen= principes, taɣedweft=intérêt, mmehreg=inspirer, idelsan=cultures, tuɣḍaṭ=mission 25

27 Hedret ɣef tmessalin-agi deg agraw-nwen amecṭuḥ. Tirawt n tisnezgimin-nwen n tagara m ara tfakkem lehdur : Snes imenzayen Atan tura yusa-d lawan i deg ara-d neṭqem ɣef usentel n wayen i tlemden d wayen i thedṛem. Tedmem akud ilaqen i tgezmi yagi. Uɣal ɣer tlata imecwaren imezwura. Ssenfel yiwen wasnas i tudert-nwen. Kemlet i wusenfar i yawen-d ittwanefken, tarum yal asnas ara trennum. Asenfar-agi yesɛa snat n tmeẓṛitin. Arut di tazwara ayen i yawen-d ibanen belli yella d lsas n tasudest, iwakken ara tkemlem ass-agi, tuɣḍaṭ-nni n umeradan. Dɣa tarum tiktiyin timezwura i yawen ibanen di ṛruḥ-nwen, ɣef usentel n wamek ara tegrem afus uɛiwen attikim di tuɣḍaṭ-agi n umeradan, ama i was-a d sya ɣer zdat : 26

28 snes imenzayen=appliquer les principes, tegzimt=section, stenfel=développer, asenfar=projet, timeẓṛitin=aspects, tasudest=stratégie, tuɣḍaṭ=mission, ameradan=universel, tiktiyin=idées, asentel=sujet 27

29 Ttiki di tuɣḍaṭ deg waxxam-nneɣ Taggnitt 2 Di taggnit iɛeddan, nesres lsas iwakken ara niki di amussu n ddunit, akken ara uɣalent ɣef waṭas n tmezgidatin n Yasuɛ di ddunit. Di taggnit-agi, a nṛeṣṣi akken iwqem tagerrawt-nneɣ ɣef tmezgida anda nella. A nxemmem ɣef wamek ara nger afus uɛiwen a niki yal ass di tuɣḍaṭ n tmezgida. Tiswiɛin llan kra m ara-d rren tanagit zdat medden, ttadren-d kan kra n yezrugen n tira iqedsen, ttɛawaden-d ayen yuran di Lɛahed amaynut! Ayagi d ayen yelhan, iwakken ara ibeccer yiwen L Inǧil yellan d lexbaṛ n lxiṛ (tamaynutt yelhan), maca ur ilaq ara a nettu belli yelha daɣen, iwakken ara nerr tanagit zdat wid ur numin ara, amek n ttidir teflest-nneɣ n tmasiḥit. Deg wazrug-agi n tira iqedsen ara nelmed di Tit, Anwali amek ilaq a ttili tikli-nneɣ ama di twaculin-nneɣ ama di tmezgida anda nella, d wamek daɣen ilaq a nger afus uɛiwen di tmezgida, ayagi d ayen ara-d yesbinen akteṛ i medden tanagit-nneɣ d acu nella s tidett, s wakka ara nefk ccan i L Inǧil. Ɛiwdet taṛuṛi i wazrug-nni Tit 2 (Illi d ayla n twacult n twaculin, Taggnitt 4) iwakken ara tegzum akken ilaq anamek n tanagit iwenɛen, yedren ɣef Adunay Yasuɛ di tlemmast n tmezgida anda nella. Lmed tira iqedsen Ɣeṛ: Tit 2.1 alama d 3.14 Xemmem ɣef tmessalin-agi ara yilin ɣer zdat: 1. Deg wacu ara tebnu a ttwenneɛ tnagit-nneɣ zdat wid i yaɣ-d yezzin tura, m ara neḍfeṛ lewṣayat n Adunay Yasuɛ i tudert ama di twaculin ama di tmezgida anda nella? 2. Acu n wemkan sɛan lecɣal yelhan di tnagit iṛeṣṣan zdat wid i yaɣ-d ittwalin amek n ttidir? 3. D acu yebɣa ad-yini, deg usatal-agi, win ur nesɛin ara igumma? tuɣḍaṭ=mission, tagerrawt=attention, azrug=passage, gzum=comprendre, anamek=sens 28

30 4. Amek i yawen-d ttbin tuɣḍaṭ yellan di tlemmast n tmezgida-nwen? Gzul-ed aselmed alemmas n yezrugen-agi n tira iqedsen : Arut tigraytin-nwen s talɣa n yiwet n tgemmunt n tseddarin, naɣ yiwen uzenziy, naɣ s yiwen umazrar n tirawt, naɣ s yiwet n tfelwit. Xtiṛet amek ara wen-yeshel a ttecfum, wa tthedṛem fell-as i wiyyiḍ akken ilaq. Aselmed imedra n Tit 2.1 alama d 3.14 : Sekyed iwenniten Iwenniten-agi yellan ɣer zdat, iswi-nsen iwakken ara kun-ɛiwnen akken ara-t gzum akken ilaq izrugen n tira iqedsen, a kun-awin daɣen akken ara txemmem ɣef isnasen n wayen tlemdem. gzul=résumer, amenzawi=principal, izrugen=passages, tagraytin=conclusions, talɣa=forme, azenziɣ=schéma, amazrar=série, tafelwit=tableau 29

31 Ɣeṛ awennit-agi amecṭuḥ ɣef usentel n Tit 2.1 alama d 3.14 txemmeḍ daɣen ɣef wayen akk yellan deg-s : Deg wazrug-agi n tira iqedsen yellan di Tit, yefka-yaɣ-d tafelwit ikemlen ɣef usentel n tamasit-nneɣ nekkni yellan d inigan yedduklen di tmezgida anda nella. Uqbel a neknu wa nqeṛṛeb ɣer yal taɣewsiwt n wazrug-agi n Tit, ur ilaq ara a nettu belli Bulus yura i Tit iwakken ara-s yehdeṛ ɣef tɣewsiwin-nni i mazal ur fukken-t ara. Tit ittwaɛṛeḍ iwakken ara isseǧhed timezgidatin yellan di tigzirt n Kritus, iwakken ara ilin-t ttimezgidatin iṛeṣṣan ǧehden-t (Tit 1.5). Dayen ibanen dagi belli iswi n Bulus iwakken imaṣlaḍen n tmezgidatin-agi ad-ilin d inigan iǧehden qedcen ɣef Adunay Yasuɛ di tlemmast n tmezgida anda llan. Bulus yebɣa iwakken ara ilin d wid yeččuṛen d igumma, yebɣa ad-ilin d inigannni, i d-ijebden imdanen s tanagit-nsen, ad-ttmennin ad-ilin am nutni. Walit di tazwara amsemlel yellan s gar tanagit n imasiḥiyen-agi iqedcen di tmezgida d wamek tella tudert-nsen ama di twaculinnsen ama di tmezgida anda llan. Bulus deg xilla n tgezmin ittfakka s «wadris n twacult» (d yiwen wazrug i d-yesbanen akken iwqem amek ilaq a ttili tikli-nneɣ di twacult, wali adlis-nni n (Illi d ayla n twacult n twaculin) Isban-asen-d acḥal yesɛa azal wamek ttidiren teflest-nsen, ttnagit-nsen d ayen i salayen di ccan d lɛezz L Inǧil. «Iwakken awal n Yillu ur sɣeṭlen ara tixutra ines» (Tit 2.5); «Iwakken ula d ixṣimen-nneɣ ad-ilin ɣummen si lḥecmat, ur ttafen acu ara-d inin n cceṛ fell-aneɣ» (Tit 2.8); «Iwakken ara rren aselmed n Yillu amsellek-nneɣ d ayen arad ijebden imdanen» (Tit 2.10). Llant snat n tɣewsiwin i d-ibanen akken ilaq deg wazrug-agi: 1) Wid yesɛan teflest ttwaɛerḍen iwakken ara idiren di tmezgida tuɣḍaṭ-nsen, ad-ilin d inigan yedren, zewṛen ṭṭfen di L Inǧil. 2) adttidiren aɣawas d lebɣi n Yasuɛ ama di twaculin-nsen ama di tmezgida anda llan, ad-ttwalin deg-sen wid i yasen-d yezzin, acḥal ɛziz, yesɛa ccan wawal n Yillu. Timeẓṛit tis snat yesɛan aṭas n tixutra, ttanagit-nsen sɛan di tmezgida, tudert-nsen teččuṛ d leccɣal yelhan. Asentel-agi d ayen i d-yuɣalen acḥal d abrid deg wazrug-agi. Nezmer a nwali deg ixef wis sin taseddaṛt tis 14, bedden akken ilaq ɣer leccɣal yelhan, ayagi d sekyed iwenniten=consulter les commentaires, gzu=comprendre, izrugen= passages, iselkamen=implications, imaṣlaḍen=membres, amsemlel=lien, tagzemt= section, aḍris=texte 30