Building of the Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS)

Átírás

1 Building of the Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS) Bernadett Csonka, Hungary Agriculture and Rural Development Agency (ARDA) TAIEX Workshop on Establishment and implementation of the Land Parcel Identification System September, Sarajevo

2 The reason of managing LPIS in GIS Compulsory part of the IACS to magane the area based payment shemes for the farmers LPIS gives the spatial refernce of the management of the area based declarations in IACS LPIS is the common reference of all agricultural activity needs the location of the agricultural parcels Proposes a basic reference unit=physical block to declare the parcels + the administration to manage the contorls: adminstarive and the on-the-spot contol (CwRS + filed visits) Ensures a systematic follow-up of multi-annual scemes Several additional tematic information is integrated into the LPIS to help the administration with spatial services, planing etc.

3 Building of the Land Parcel Identification System I. II. Overview. EU Legal base and national legal requirements LPIS: Choice of the type of reference parcel (options, advantages/disadvantages) Establishment of the Farmer Register and registration of farmers LPIS: Digitization of the reference layer in GIS, eligible land, exclusions, etc LPIS and Farm register : Establishing the Link between the farmers and the reference parcels Problems with Cadaster land documentation - ownership/holdings/ part 1/n for each parcel

4 EU Legal base and national legal requirements before the CAP reform LPIS is defined by Reg. 3508/92 and 3887/ /00 improvement A real use of GIS techniques, i.e. the on-line access to the digital maps at different levels of the Integrated System, to fully benefit from the graphical information not only tabular data! Digital maps should be used in the administrative checks: The minimum requirement would be to consider that digital maps should be available in all the cases where specific anomalies are detected by the IACS administrative normal cross-checks (i.e. cross-checks performed on the alphanumerical data). On national level: ministerial decree defined the LPIS and its procedures additional to the EC regulations.

5 EU Legal base and national legal requirements - actual Article 5(1) of Regulation (EU) No 640/2014 sets out how all the agricultural area as defined in Article 4(1)(e) of Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013, and where appropriate areas referred to in Article 32(2)(b) of the same Regulation as well as areas referred to in Article 28(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1305/2013, should be identified in the LPIS. Article 5(2) of Regulation (EU) No 640/2014 lays down further requirements on the LPIS, including that the maximum eligible area for various schemes or payments shall be identified.

6 REGULATION (EU) No 1306/2013 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 17 December 2013 Article 70: level of accuracy as from 2016, at a scale of 1:5 000, Member States shall ensure that the identification system for agricultural parcels contains a reference layer to accommodate ecological focus areas = EFA - shall, cover the relevant specific commitments and/or environmental certification schemes referred to Calculation of the ratio of permanent grassland provided in respect of claim year 2018 at the latest. - EFAs are located natural and semi-natural habitats on arable land or for some of them adjacent to arable land Article 71: The system for the identification and registration of payment entitlements shall allow for verification of the entitlements and for cross-checks with the aid applications and the identification system for agricultural parcels. direct and immediate consultation, through the competent authority of the Member State, of the data relating to at least the previous four consecutive calendar years.

7 REGULATION (EU) No 1307/2013 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 17 december 2013 "agricultural area" means any area taken up by arable land, permanent grassland and permanent pasture, or permanent crops; EC DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) No 640/2014 of 11 March 2014 Article 5: The identification system for agricultural shall operate at reference parcel level. A reference parcel shall contain a unit of land representing agricultural area + where appropriate, a reference parcel shall also include areas had been in IACS before: set aside, aforested etc. to delimit the reference parcel as to ensure that the reference parcel is: measurable, enables the unique and unambiguous localisation of each agricultural parcel annually declared and as a principle, is stable in time, agricultural parcels that are declared are reliably identified aid applications and payment claims to be furnished with particular information or accompanied by documents specified by the competent authority that enable each agricultural parcel to be located and measured. establish appropriate alternative systems to uniquely identify the land subject to support where that land is covered by forest.

8 EC DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) No 640/2014 of 11 March 2014 Article 9 Determination of areas where the agricultural parcel contains landscape features and trees LFs traditionally part of good agriculture cropping or utilisation practices can be considered part of the eligible area and shall not exceed 2 metreswidth. shall not apply to permanent grassland with scattered landscape features and trees where the Member State concerned has decided to apply a pro-rata system in accordance with Article 10. Any GAEC landscape features (Annex II 1306/2013) forms part of the total area of an agricultural parcel shall be considered part of the eligible area of that agricultural parcel. An agricultural parcel that contains scattered trees shall be considered as eligible area provided that the following conditions are fulfilled: agricultural activities can be carried out in a similar way as on parcels without trees in the same area; and the number of trees per hectare does not exceed max. 100 trees per hectare density excluding scattered fruit trees which yield repeated harvests, to scattered trees which can be grazed in permanent grassland

9 EC DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) No 640/2014 of 11 March 2014 Article 10 Pro-rata system for permanent grassland containing landscape features and trees may decide to apply a pro-rata system to determine the eligible area within the reference parcel. shall consist of different categories of homogeneous land cover types for which a fixed reduction coefficient based on the percentage of ineligible area is applied. The category representing the lowest percentage of ineligible area shall not exceed 10 % of ineligible area and no reduction coefficient shall apply to that category. 2. Any landscape features subject to the requirements and standards listed in Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 which form part of the total area of an agricultural parcel shall be considered part of the eligible area.

10 LPIS: Choice of the type of reference parcel (options, advantages/disadvantages) JRC 2001 The IACS has to manage two types of parcels: The agricultural parcels, declared by the farmers, which may change every year; The reference parcels, used by the farmer to identify and locate their agricultural parcels, and by the administration to cross-check the declarations, and which boundaries are expected to be relatively stable. reference parcels have to be vectorised = CAPI + topology

11 Problems with Cadaster land documentation - ownership/holdings/ part 1/n for each parcel fundamentally, due to the fact that the cadastre is concerned with property rights, they may not correspond directlyto the agricultural parcels, which are the one required by the IACS regulations. JRC 2001

12 Data sources of LPIS creation Multiannual satellite image series Orthophoto 2000 / (2003) Topographic map Ortho-photography - geographical base, land use 2. Topographic maps - help in defining stable elements in time 3. Satellite imagery (multiannual) - land use + permanent boundaries 4. Cadaster data: only visual help for the farmers not the task of IACS to improove the cadaster s quality!!!! Digitisation tolerances are a critical specification to reach the final accuracy of the LPIS : in practical CAPI the absolute accuracy RMSE will be 1m - 1,5 m (for a scale 1: 5 000) Integration of aerial and satellite data 13/03/ /09/2003.

13 The definition and the data content of the physical block in Hungary SAPS non-eligible features > 0,1 ha or smaller, but getting close to the 3% limit - inside the PB SAPS non-eligible features > 0,1 ha by the side of the PB The HU LPIS and IACS GIS contains: - digital vector data for the entire county, no notidentified areas - SAPS eligible and non-eligible areas are both part of the PBs with unique ID - Land cover category exists for the already declared PBs and under progress for the entire area; - Many thematic layers are developed mainly for GAEC and for the 2nd pillar eligibility criteria are for PBs; - Crop parcels and their crop code declared by the farmers from year to year via e-declaration SAPS eligible PP, but with scattered bushes, tress smaller the 0,1 ha, but can be target as LF A pure non-eligible PB

14 Area information and limits The distinction between the different types of agricultural area can be done in two ways depending on the situation: By alphanumerical recording of the types and the corresponding area values as attributes of the reference parcel (RP), By spatial delineation (assigning geometries to each type within the RP). Where a RP corresponds to several types of agricultural area, there is no need to split the RP but each type should be geo-localised ("object referencing") and its area recorded in the LPIS as attributes. Ineligible features and trees with a size above 0,1 ha OR 100m² which are inaccessible for grazing animals (i.e. there is no obvious access to animals) should be delineated in the LPIS reference layer and deducted from the MEA of the RP beforehand and they should be excluded when applying the prorata system. Basic question not finalised yet in the DRAFT GUIDANCE DOCUMENT (DSCG/2014/33) ON THE LAND PARCEL IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM UNDER ARTICLES 5, 9 AND 10 OF COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) NO 640/2014 CLAIM YEAR 2015 ONWARDS

15 Application of the 2 ms rule as noneligibility and/or EFA With regard to rocks, temporary ponds, hedges, ditches, walls and other landscape features, where they are not subject to the requirements or standards under cross compliance, the conditions under which these elements can be considered as part of the agricultural parcel may be defined on the basis of the "good agriculture cropping or utilisation practices on agricultural area in certain regions" (e.g. land cover type, maximum area percentage) in accordance with Art. 9(1) of Regulation (EU) No 640/2014. Where, a feature of up to 2m wide (walls, ditches, hedges) serves as boundaries between agricultural parcels its area should be attributed to each adjacent agricultural parcel in proportion to the size of the adjacent agricultural parcels. Where the feature is >2m wide, the feature should be removed from the eligible area (see figures below), unless the feature has been recognized under Art. 9(2) of Regulation (EU) No 640/2014 as subject to the requirements and standards under cross compliance. Note that depending on MS choices, this feature >2m wide may be a potential EFA that would have to be specifically identified and digitized in the EFA layer (see the "EFA layer guidance").

16 Premanent grassland When updating the LPIS, particular attention should be paid to the new definition of "permanent grassland" (Art. 4(1)(h) of R.1307/2013) applicable as from claim year 2015 which extends the current scope of "permanent pasture" (Art.2 (c) of Regulation (EC) No 1120/2009). consider eligible "land which can be grazed and which forms part of established local practices where grasses and other herbaceous forage are traditionally not predominant in grazing areas" those areas should be added and identified as such in the LPIS. For the purpose of this document, those areas are called "permanent grassland under established local practices (PG-ELP)".

17 GAEC non-compliance or noneligibilitry?

18 Water-affected grasslands, eligible or not? COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) No 639/2014 of 11 March 2014 Article 4 Framework for criteria on maintaining the agricultural area in a state suitable for grazing or cultivation 1. to maintain the agricultural area in a state suitable for grazing or cultivation without preparatory action going beyond usual agricultural methods and machineries shall be established a.) Member States require at least one annual activity to be carried out by a farmer. Where justified for environmental reasons, Member States may decide to recognise also activities that are carried out only every second year; b.) Member States set out the characteristics to be met by an agricultural area in order to be deemed maintained in a state suitable for grazing or cultivation.

19 Ineligible area Areas not taken up by agricultural activities (such as buildings, woods, permanent ponds, paths, etc.) are to be excluded when calculating the maximum eligible area (MEA) of a RP. Paths that cannot be used for agricultural activity, other than those created by animal access or those necessary to access the agricultural area, are to be excluded. In general, a path has to be excluded if it is part of a transport network (even if used by tractors only) entering and exiting a parcel or when it is not part of the agricultural activity carried out on the parcel. Woods (in parcels not declared as short rotation coppice) should be interpreted as areas within an agricultural parcel with treecover (including bushes, etc.) preventing growth of vegetative under-storey suitable for grazing.

20 More precise limits to use, as the conclusion of the LPIS QA 3% rule At the boundary of the eligible area 100m2 construction area or water body must be respected 2 meters for roads are critical, non-paved tracks, dirt roads are 3-4 meters wide, the stability can give support for the decision.

21 Establishment of the Farmer Register and registration of farmers Overview map sheets for all the settlements of Hungary (3170 settlements, 4666 map sheets) Physical blocks Covered settlements Non-eligible areas Farmers had to register their own PBs, together with the farmer s registry, this was the base of printing the individual A3 maps. In 2004 paper registry sheets were established, including farmerblock link, today mainly electronic registration.

22 Technical solutions of the publication of LPIS GIS data In the period : submission on paper map sheets scale (1:4000- and smaller) From 2008 : E-submission of the area declarations ~1 million parcel ~ client ~ physical block Public browser of LPIS-Hu

23 LPIS Quality Assurance Framework LPIS QAF since 2010 Compulsory for all EU MS: art 6. of EU Regulation 1122/ unified methodology, defined by the JRC ATS test: stat + MS specific eligibility profile ETS CAPI test annual, sample based, visual interpretation + evaluation on multi-spectral satellite images: delinating diffrenet land cover categories and evaluating the actuality of the eligible area used in IACS 7 prime quality elements Sample size is depending on the nr. of RPs HU = 800 The EC will have not only the result, but all the input data and the internal steps of the processing! QUESTION: how the result will be used?

24 EC DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) No 640/2014 of 11 March 2014 Article 6: Annual quality assessment of the identification system for agricultural parcels The 1st conformance class is to assess the quality of the LPIS: the correct quantification of the maximum eligible area; the proportion and distribution of reference parcels where the maximum eligible area takes ineligible areas into account or where it does not take agricultural area into account; the occurrence of reference parcels with critical defects. The 2nd conformance class is to identify possible weaknesses : the categorisation of reference parcels where the maximum eligible area takes ineligible areas into account, where it does not take agricultural area into account or reveals a critical defect; the ratio of declared area in relation to the maximum eligible area inside the reference parcels; the percentage of reference parcels which have been subject to change, accumulated over the years. Where deficiencies is found, the Member State shall take appropriate remedial action. QA is based on sample, Report to the EC 31 January following the calendar year in question.

25 ETS CAPI steps done by the user 1. Decision if the PB can be processed or not 2. Analysing the PB on the multi spectral VHR image time series 3. Digitising the different land cover categories + attributing 4. Comparing the aerial difference OK or not OK 5. Deciding the critical defects' (CD) + analysing the past of the PB, how the problem found will have an inpact on the IACS + adding the possible waivers 6. Deciding the reason of failure 7. Capturing internal informations: revision, explanation of how to correct the RP, RFV results, relewancy of thematic layers.

26 ETS CAPI is done with a QGIS based specific GIS application developed for this purpose from Specific data input panel following the CAPI workflow Dinamic calculation of the 3% and 0,1 ha contamination limit. The result of the evaluation is visible directly during the evaluation Adding land cover code to a polygon dinamic code list management User management (4 eye) + IQC module Data is stored in ProstGIS database

27 Analysing the actuality of the SAPS eligible area Land use categories are delineated on actual VHR image, and the area and the contamination of new non-eligible spots are compared to the last valid version of the block used in the IACS. Actual VHR Old otho the base of the RP eligible area delineation yellow line