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OCHOBHOH Te311C abtopa cqjopmymlpobah cobepwehho HCD.BycMblcIleHHo: «I1pI1MeHeHHe BepollTHocTHoil ouehkh onpabnaho TOJlbKO B TCX clly4a5lx, Kor,na HCClle.uyeMble BapbHpylOUll1e nph3haki1 B Bb160pKe cootbetctbylot HOpMaJJbHOMy cilyyahhomy pacnpenenehjho HIlH He CIlHW KOM OT Hero OTJlllyaIOTClIl) (c. 1495). no CYTl1,nella, MnaTOB npl'13blbact OTKa3aTbC5I OT CTaTljCnl'j(~CKoro ah31lh33,njut Tex cnyyacb, Kor.rra pacnpejlcllehhe OTn!IYReTCJI OT 1I0P MaJJbHoro, l1jlh Kor.ua 06bCMbI Bbl60pOK Mallbl. OTK33, XOTlI 6bl 11 'lactliyhbih, OT HcnOllb30BaHHll CTaTlICTJ1'leCKHX MeTO,LJ,OB B03Bpa UlaeT Hac noyth Ha nojlbek3 H3.3a.u. B CBoe Bpe~111 BblllawwH~clI OTe'leCTBClIlJbIH MaTe MaTHK E. B. fhe,nehko (1959) nhc3n: «HapllLlY co 3HaYHTCJlbHblM 'IHcnOM 6HonoroB,...OTBO,nllUlHX BH,nHoe MeCTO B CSOIIX,D,HCUl1nJIHHax... CTaTlICTH'leCKoii 06pa60TKc,.._I1MeeTCll TaKlKe 11113BeCTHaJl.uonlT CKenTilKOB, a TaKlKe 51POCTHbiX npoti1bhhkob nphmc HeHHlI MaTCMaTI1KI1 K InY'leHI1IO )KHBOii nphpojlbl. 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KOHCYHail UCJIb TeOpCTH'lCCKH MOlKeT 6blTb.uOCTHrllyTa 11 B TOM, 11 B.upyroM cny'lae; Bonpoc 3aKnlOyaerClI B,cjJcjJeKHIBHOCTIi ee LlOCHI)!(eHU5I, B.uaHHOM CIlY 'Iae - B MHHHMyMe 3aTpaT lljlll noilyychlllt ~IUKCHMa.J1bHOI1H41opMaTH3Horo II D.OK<l.3UTe, JibHOrO 3aKIlWYCHI1.51. MMeHHO n03tomy YlKe K-Ha4aJJy 1990-x rollob Be.uYUlHe HaY'lHble lkyphallbl npaktll'lecki1 He ny6jihkobajjil pa60tbl, B KOTOpbJX OTCy'TCTBOBaJJ XOT5I 6bl,Ile MeHTapHblH CTaTI1CTl1'lecKHi1 ahajiu3 (Sokal, Rohl f, 1995). Hawa e.u11hctbemla51 3anaya -;- noka3atb, 'lto Bce np06nembl, KOTophle HnaTOB 11 ero KOnnerl1 CYHTUIOT Hepa.3pe WHMbIMU, J1erKO pcwawtcli npll 11cnOllb30BaHHH npabwlbho Bbl6paHHbix MeTOll,OB aha Jil13a 3MnUpH'ieCKOro MaTepHaJJa. Ilo<teMy Heo6xolIHM ahajih3 pacnpe.uellehhr )Mnl1pl1'lCCKI1X li,ahhblx? IlpaKTI1'ieCKI1 JlI060M Y4e6HI1K MaTeMaTH'leCKOH CTaTUCTHKH, HllH 611OMeTjJHH, HaYH HaeTCJI C onhcahhji TeOpenlYCCKHX pacnpe,nellehhh. OnHaKo KpaiiHe pe.uko abtopbi yye6hjikob 'letko 06bllCHlI1OT,.unll 4ero I1MeHHO cpabhehhe 3~ml1p11YeCKI1Xpacnpe.uene IIHii C TeOpeTI1'JeCKI1MI1 MO/KeT notpe60batbcji 6uollory. OTSeY HR 3TOT Bonpoc B Ka KOH-TO CTcneHH TpHBl1aJJeH:,TO CpaIJHCHl1e, Hapll.uy C I1HqlopMal~HciI 0 UlKaJle (HOMHHaJJb HOM, Op.uHHaJJbHOii, otllowehi1h I1ml I1HTepBaJIOB), B KOTOpOH H3MepeH npl13hak, lkh3 HeHHO Heo6xOllHMO.unll Bbl60pa anekbathbix ~leto.uob ahanl133 c06pahhoro MaTCpl1ana. CywCCTBeHH351'lacTb CTaTbH I1naToBa (2010) nocbjlii\eh3 J~OKa3aTenbCTBYToro, 'ITO,MllHPI1YCCKl1e pacnpenellehlill '!<lcto OTJIHyalOTCll OT HOpMallLl-IOro. 3Ta MblCllb, MllrKO robopll, llalleko HC HOBa - pcnk351 KHHra no 6HOMeTpHH 06XOll,I1TCil 6e3 nphmepa Ha 3TY TeMy. OJlHaKO OTKIlOHCHHe Bbl60pOYHOrO pacnpeneneh'151 OT HOpMaJJbHoro HI1KOIiM 06pa 30M He nperultctbyet CTaTHCnlyeCKOMY ahajjl13y.uahhblx. 06,TOM TRKlKe MO/KHO np04h T3Th npakth4eckh'b llw60m-xopowem Y4e6HI1Ke 6110MeTp11H. )-IanpHMep, B. 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KpOMe Toro, B llhtephete pa3mellleho JHa'1I1TCJJbHOe KOnH'1eCTBO cneul1anh3l1pobahhblx KanbKynllTopoB, KOTopble MO)f(HO I1CIl0llb30BaTb nnll Bbl'1HCneHHll HenapaMeTpl1'1eCKl1X KpIITepJ1eB. _ v13.ul-lnakti1'leckjlx C006pa)f(CIlII(1 cpabhhm Me)Kny co60hnba 3MllIiPI'llj'eE'KI1X pacnpenenehl'lll, 1l0Ka3aHHbie Ha pilc. 2, A If 2, II B CTaTbe HnaToBa (20 I 0). 3TH PIICYHKH ab TOp IIcnollb3yeT nnll HJlJlJOCTpaUlll1 pacnpcnenehiih, OTJlll'13WlllIIXC5J OT HopMaJlbHoro, 404

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(2011) 30HaM11 )J,OMI1HHpOBaHIUI 4eTbipex BI1JJ,OB (Pl1c. 3 B UHTHpoBaHHoH ctane). HaKoHcu, el.ue OLIHa ajll>tcphathba - HCnOJIb30BaHI1C pccamnnhhra. Ero CYTb 3a KJII04aeTCil B KOMnblOTepHoM MO)J,emlpOBaHllJ.l pacnpenejlchil51 cny4aj1hoh BCJIH'lHHbl Ha OCHOBe rchcpawhi 113 I1CXOJJ,HOH. Bl>160PKH 60JlbWOrO KOJIH'ieCTBa cny4af'thblx «ncebllo Bl>160pOK» (06h14HO I1CnOJlb3YlOT 999 lljlh 9999 «nccbllobbi60pok»). B pe3yjlhtate CTpO InCil 'iactothoe pacnpelienchhc napamctpa HJlH CTaTI1CTI1KI1 Kpl1Tepl1il. 3TO n03b0;151et «Hanp5lMylOl>, a He no tpopmynam, HaXOill1Th nobephtenbhblj1 I1HTCpBaJJ HJlI1 ypobchb 3Ha'iI1.MOCTI1. rnabhoc npel1myl.ucc1'bo )J,aHHoro nollxolla 3aKJIIO<laeTCil B TOM, 'ITO OH MO )J(eT 6bJTb I1CnOJlb30BaH )1a)J(e B Tex CJlY4a51X, ll.nil KOTOpblX ewc He pa.3pa60tahbl achmn TOTl14eCKHC ('I'. C. 6a311pYIOWI1CC5I Ha npennojlo)j(chlut 0 crpemjlehl11.1 06beM3 Bbl60PKH K 6eCKOHe4HOCTI1) MeTOJJ:bl, B TOM 'll1cnc H HenapaMeTpH'leCKI1C. 5JIarOll:apil :nomy pecaml1jlhhr 3aBoeBblBaCT Bce 60nbluylO nonynilphoctb. HeMaJlOBalKHO TaK)J(e, 4TO OH O1'HOCI1 TCJlbHO ncrko peajjh3yetcil Ha nepcohajlbhblx KOMnblOTepax - JlI160 camoct05l1'cjlbho (B cpenc 3neKTpOHHblX Ta6JlI1U), JIl160 C nomol.ublo rotobblx HancrpoeK (Hanpl'IMep, RSXL v. 4.0 lljlil MS Excel, www.resample.com); Cyl.UCCTBylOT TalOKC cb060n~1o pacnpoctpa H51eMblC nporpamml>i, B KOTOphlC BKnl04CHbi l'iekotopble MeTOnbl pecamnjl11hra (Hanpl1 Mep, PAST v.1.95, http://folkuio.no/ohaltuller/past). \.[1'0 3Ha'fltT «LIocToBepHo»? 4eTKOCTb <pop).1yjll1pobok 4pe3Bbl'larlHO BalKHa nph onhcahhh KaK MeTO.LlHKH HCCJlC 1l0BaHl1i\ TaK H nojiy'ichhblx pe3yjlbtatob. Oc06eHHo Ba)J(HO crpemhtbcll K MaKCHMaJlb HOMy CY)J(eHI1IO cemal'ltl14eckoro nojill HaY4HblX TepMIiliOB. B 3TOM OTHoweHl1H OnJ1ca HI1IO pe3ynbtatob C1'aTlICTH4eCKoro ahanh3a ilbho «He nose3jiol> B PYCCKOH3l>141'lOH 6HOnorH4eCKOH 11 Melll1U/UiCKOrl JI1neparypc, mc np0'lho 3aKpem1J10Cb C110S0 «lloctobcp HOCTb» (30pHH, 2000). 113Ha43J1bHO HCnOJlb30BaHHC noh}lti151 «lloctoscphoctb» 6blJlO CB5I3aHO C HCKOppCKTHbIM nepebonom TepMllHa «significance)). He HCKJII04CHO TaK)J(C, 'ito onpcncjlehhylo ponb B ero Wl1pOKOM pacnpocrp3hehi1h cblqjajla OWI160'lHa51 acco UHaUllll C OllHHM 113 nohilthh TCOpl111 Bep05lTBOCTI1 - noctobephblm C06blTI1CM (C06bl THe. BCPOilTHOCTb KOTOpO,O CTporo pabha elillhhue). B JII060M cny'lae, nockojlbky cnobo «lloctoscphoctb» ncperpy)j(eho CMblCJIOM, B CTporo CTaTHCH1'leCKOM 3Ha4eHHI1, KaK.no )1enaCT I1naToB (2010). cro nyllwe Be yno TpeOMITb, 3aMCHI1B TepMllHOM «CTaTI1CTI1'leCKail 3H3'lHMOCTb». npc)j](ne Bcero, 3TO cncllyet LIcnaTb 113-3a TorO, 'ito «,QOCTOBepHOCTb» nollc03hatcjihho 3CCOI~HHPYeTC>lC «a6conlothoh 1l0Ka3aHHocTblO», «HaLIe)J(HocTblO», CTbIO)), a «JJ:OCTOBepHa>l CB>l3b» - OTHoweHHIO K BepOilTHOCTHhlM BblBonaM. «HccoMBellHoCTblO», «6C30wI160'mo C npi14i1bho-cjle.jctbchh0i1, 'lto HCKOppCKTHO no I1naToB (2010) ni1wct: «EcnH Sep0}lTHOCTb OKa3blBaeTCil MCNbwe KpHTH4eCKOH, TO 3Ba4eHHe KplJTepll51 (napa~letpa) npi13hactc5i HenOCTOBepHblM}) (c. 1494).31'0 ytbcp)j( nehlle HeKoppeKTHo, npe)f(ne Bccro 113-3a nonmehbl Bep05lTHOCTHOH llhtepnpetaui1i1 conep)j](atcnbhoi1, KOTopail HaXOllJ1TC5I BHe KOMneTeHUJ1H C1'aTI1CTHKH. I3bl'II1CJlellHOe 3Ha 'lehhc CTaTHCTl1'lCCKOro KpHTCpH5I, pabho KaK 11 3Ha'IeHI1C BbI60pO'iBOrO napametpa ('ITO BOBec HC O)1HO 11 TO )J(e), He MO)J(eT 6blTb npi13haho «lloctobephbiml> JlH60 «He)10CTOBep HblM» B YKa3aHHOM Bblwe KOHTeKCTe. CTanlCTltKa He 3aHI1MaeTC51 «onpell,cnchl1cm LIO CTOBepHOCTI1» - CTaTllCTWJCCKliH ahajlh3 n03bojuiet nl1wb onpellcnhtb BCPOilTHOCTb 1'01'0, 'ITO JlCKOTOpa5l l'j1notej3 ncph3. 11 HMCHHO JJ,JI>l 3Toro paccllj1t3hhoe 3H~I'ICHl1e CTa HICTII4CCKoro KpllTepH5I (HO HC napametpa') CpaBHI1BalOT C 113BeCTJ-lb1M pacnpcllenehhe~t: pc3ynbtat cpashehh5i n03bonile1' npl1hiltb ml60 OTKJlOHHTb HeKylO rhnote3y C onpej~enchhl>im ypobhem Bep05lTHOCTH. I1HblMH CJIOSaMH, MQ)KHO cncnatb BbIBO)J, 0 «llocthr HYTO~t ypoblle 3Ha4I1MOCTH», KOTOpblH npll )J(C,laHJ111 MO)J(HO nl160 CpaBHI1Tb C anphopho YCTaHOBnCHHblM noporobblm 3H3'leHl1eM (06b14HO 5 %), Ha OCHOBe 'lcro otbcpniytb IIJJJI nplth5itb HYJlCBylO rtlilote3y, JD160 HenOCpeL\CTBCHHO paccmatpllsatb KaK Mepy LIOKa33 lcnbhocti1 TOro, 'ITO HYJleBail nlllote3a ow1l604h3.,uochtrhytbih ypobehb 3Ha411MOCTH 'lacto 11HTepnpCTJ1pYIOT K31{ Bep05lTHOCTb own604hocth HyJleBoH nmotc3bl; crporo ro BOp51-3TO nepoilthoctb nony4htb T3lwe )J(e (lijiil 60nee )KCTpeManbHoe) 3Ha4eHlfe KpIITCpH5I S njlhfjhoh ceplflf nobtophblx Bh16opOK npl1 yc,10bhi1 Cnp3BCL\JlHBOCTI1 HyJlC BOH nmote3bl. OWI160'lHbJe ytbep)j(j),ehi1h, 11nu KaKI1M COBeTaM He CTOIIT cncllobatb I1naToB (2010) mlwet: «,Uml MaJll>IX BblOOPOK Bep05lTHOCTHble ouehkn onpenejlchh}] 1l0cToBepHOCTI1 no Cyl.UeCTBy HCOnpCneJIeHHbl, He Ha)J,C)J(Hbl 11 I1cnOnb30lJaTb l1x He IIMCeT CMblCJla» (c_ 1496). 3TO YTBep)J](nCHltC JIOrH4CCKH HeKoppeKTHo, no CYTI! OWI1604HO, H CTonb)J(C onacho. KaK 11 Te3HC astopa 06 OTKaJC OT CTaTHCTI14CCKOro aha11113a npl1 OT 1(JIOHeH1111 )Mnl1pl14eCKOro pacnpe)j,ejlchi1}] OT HOpMaJlbHOCTI1. PaccMo1'pHM ycnobhbih nh1l3kti1'leckhh nphmep. npellnojlo/ki1m, 'lto Mbl BblllBI1HY JlI1 HyneBylo rhnotc3y 0 TOM, 4TO lljlhha 11 HCTbCB LIy6a 4epCW'laTOrO H 4epHI1KH He OTjJH 4aeTc5Inpyr OT llpyra.,unil npobepkh 3T0l1 fhnotc3bl Mbl OT06paJJl111Be BbI60pKU: no 0)1 HO~IY JlHCTy C TpCX llcpebbeb lly6a 11 C Tpex KyCTOS 'lephi1f<h. 3aMcpbl )1J11iH JlI1CTbCS lly 6a -- 80, J10,130 MM; 'iephi1/(11-8, 10,12 MM. XapaKTCp pacnpelienchllil npl13hakob HaM HeI13BeCTCH. nphmeh5i51 HenapaMeTpl1'lCCKIfJ1 KpHTepHH MaHlIa-YHTHII (Xl = 3.86, d. f. = I, P = 0.0495), Mbl 3aKJlfO'laeM, 'lto C BepOilTHOCTblO 95.05 % Hawa rl1notc3a 406 407

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B) 06HapY;KI1B3CTC5J 11 C TCM ;.j(c 31-laKOM, TO, O'1e BIl.nHO, MO)KHO ytbep;knatb 0 1l0CTOBepliOCTI1 I1X pa3nwlilil» (c 1497). Bo-rrcpBblx, 3.nCCb 'ICTKO I3bl}IBJl5JCTC51 TepwlHo;101 11'ICCK351 n)'tjl-\l11~3 - «noctobcphoctbl> nohl-lm3 etc~ HC B CTanlCTll'1CCKOM OlbICJlC. a llem 6blJlO CKa33HO Bblwe. BO-BTOPhlX, noll06hblrj MCTOll, ncrlctbiitenhho, CyWCCTByCT - 3TO KpJITe[mrl BHJlKOKcoHa. OnH3Ko cmlo no cc 6c npc,urro)kchhe v[natob3 JlOrWIeC10I He 060CHosaHO. HHKTO He cnoplh, 4TO npobcpl<3 HCKOTOpblX r11f10te3 Tpe6ycT rrpobejj.ehii~ rrobtopllhlx lia6nkl)1ehhh (3KcrrCpIL\1CH10B), HO BO ~IHOrlIX CJ1Y4a5lX BCP0}lTlIOCTllblii BhlBOll MO)l,HO CJJ.erraTb II H3 OCHOBaHIIH onho KpaTHoro Ha6rrKlnCHll51 (KaK B H3weM,il11;J,aKTlI4CCKOM rrpiimepc). 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PaccY;.j(na}J a pac4ete KpHTepl151 CTbloncHTa (HO He H33blBa.5J np5jmo :not KpIlTepIIM), HnaToB (20 I 0) llliwet: «HcpcnKo npl1 cpabhehhi1 CpellHI1X C'1IH3KlT, 4TO, ecjiii pa3hiiua Me)I(llY CPCllHI1MH npcbblwan CyMMy IIX OWI160K, pa3j111411e npi1hhmactc51 K3K nocto BCpHOC» (c. l495). Mbl He 3HaeM, KTO H Korlla pekomehnobajlnerratb 8hlBO.i.\ 0 cywectbo B3HIHI pa3j11'l'mi! Torlla, KOftla p33hh1l3 MC;.j(ny CpellHHM11 60JlbWe CYMMbl HX ow1l60k_ HII 0L\1111 113 l13secthblx HaM y4c6hhkob Tal<oi! pel<omeh.llauiih HC COL\ep>l(\H, na II HC MO )J(CT co.nep){(atb, 1160 aha HI1 Ha 4eM Ha OCHOBaHa. no I1naToBy «licn0j1bl0sath CJlCnyel ow1i6ky, YMHO)J(eHJ-IYJO Ha HOpMllpOBaHl-IOe OTl<nOHeJ-llle») (c. 1495). B03MO;.j(HO, abtop non HOPMHP08311HbiM OTKnOHCHHeM nohiimact He4TO cobepwej-lho HeTpanH1i110HHoe. 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(2011) TOJlbKO B Ta6rr. 6 npl IBCJlII 700 (I) BerrH4IlH. 0603Ha ' ICJ-IHbJX KaK «aktophanbhoe BapbllpOB3HHC SlInOB». DpII )TOM JlCXOL\Hbli! M3TepHelJ] 6blJl C06P3H C 540 nnowanok. Dony' taetc5i, 41'0 pac4cthbie MeTOllbl (AU;.j(e ecjlil OT BJle4bC5I 01' HCKoppeKTHOCTI-I HX nphmel-lehii5j) rrp"bcjlll He K CBepTblBaHlliO IIHqJOpMa UlII-I, a!( Y13eml4eHH1D KOJlll4eCTBa BCJ111411l1. npenjlo)j(chj-iblx SHHMallHKl 4l1TaTenef'1. A nockonbky )TIl senh4hhbl-- «no nplihullflllajibhblm co06pa){(chh5im») - cpabmlbajotc51 6e3 1 lcno~b30bahi15jkakiix-jih60 CTUTIlCTWleCKI1X KPHTCPHC8 11 COOTl3eTCTBeHHO BCp05lT HOCTHblX OUCHOK, 411TaTeJl5JM HC OCTaeTC5I IHI4cro L\pyroro Kat< BMCCTe C abtopamll «Melllnl1pOBelTb Han LUH!JpaMH». 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OH, B 4aCTHOCTH, 1111 can: «H3 nyujek Ha411HaKlT CTpeJ1Hb no Bop06b5lM, npl1'1em, KaK Il CBoe SpeM5I 8blpa311rr I)JlarOll3p HOCTl1 Mhl np"311<ltcjlbhbl E fl. 313epCBoii H B. E K TCI<CTY PYI<OrtllCH. 3BCpCBy 3a 06cy)KneHl1C 11 1<0\1\ICI1TapHH 403 409

CTan,lI nollrotobneh3 nph COBMeCHIOH [t)i[h3hcobo~i no.!l.1lepjkke <1JHHCKOfi AKane MHll (npoekt 124152) H POCCHI1CKOrO qjol'll\a!jjyhll3meht3nbhblx I1CCneLloB3HlIij (npoekt N208-04-91766-A<I»). CfTHCOK nhtepatypbl E,W20aeIlWIICh'/lli 10. H, Ca.IICOIIOa{1 B. n, jj..\luli/l'uea E. A. HenapaMeTpll'leCKIIC MeTOllhl B no'lbeh HhlX IICClleIlOBaHH~X. M., 1987.96 c. 11J{1H11 C. MeIlHKo 61101l0rH'leCKaR CTaTIlCTIIKa. Ilep. ahrll. M.. 1999.459 c. Flleoelll'-o E. B. 0 POIlIl MaTeMaTlI"eCKIlX "eto,uob B6HOllOrH'leCK"lx "CClleI10BaHI'I~X If Bonpochl 111l0 CO 1I11. 1959 N~ I. C. H5-97.,a.\lumplIea E. A. MaTeMaT<l'leCKa~ CTaTllCTIlKa BnO'lBOBelleHIlH. M., 1995. 320 C. )f(u6omoac/(!ili JI. A. nony~rullohha~ 6"O"CTpIIR. M., 1991. 271 C. 30111!ee r. H. MarcMa-rwlecKaR CTaTIlCTlll,a B)KCnep"McHTallhHofl 60TaHliKe. M.. 1984.424 c. Joplin H. A. 0 HCnpaAHJlbHoJ\! ynotpe6i1chiih TepMlIHa «)loctobcphocth>l B poccltiicki'lx HaytfHblX nclt XIl3TpIl"ecKHx II 06weMellilUlIHCKIIX CTDThRX 1/ 5HOMeTpIlKa. 2000 (www.biometrica.lolllsk.ru/letl.htm). Hl1al1lOe B. C. OCTOpml<HO - 6110MeTp1IKa. (06 IIcnollh)OBaHIIH ouehok «noctobcphocth" npll IICCllC 1I0BalHlII KOIlII"eCTBeHflhIX 3aKoHoMepHOCTcO) 1150T. "'yph. 2010. T. 95. N~ 10. C. 1494-1498. K03.706 JIf. B. CBR33HO 1111 pacnpoctp3hchiic llety'lilx MhlWCO C pcllhc410m? II 3"01l0rllR 2001. No 2. C. 159-160. K03"70e M. B. B naytlihe UII P: Kp"TII'lecKllfl ahaml3 CTDThll A. r. KapTaUleBa II A. A. KapTawcBoii /I CH611pCKIII' 3KOll. "'yph. 2006. T. 13. N2 2. C. 219-225..!Ie&eOeao B. x.. TlIxooeeea M. 10., 1111011/06 B. C. K Bonpocy a CTpyI<TYPC llyroboro pactlitc.%horo co 061lleCTBa II bot. "'yph. 201 1. T. 96. N. l. C. 3-11..!IlOollllwe A. A. 06 owii6kax Bnp"McHeHIIII MaTeMaTIIKII B611011onlll. l. 01111-16KII OT HellOCTaTK3 OCBenOMIlCHHOCTII II ){{yph. 06ul. 611011. 1969. T. 30. N. 5. C. 572-584. MuxeeaG H B. BCPOllTHOCTHo,cTaTIICTI1'lCCKI1C MOllellH CBoiicTB n04b. HOBOCII6I1PCI<, 2001. 200 c. 1J1.\I/lOI1l B. M. MneMaTI1'lCCKIIC MCTOJlhl B60Tafli1Ke. n., 1984.288 c. X07.eNoep M., BY/lb4>[f. A. HenapaMCTpl1'lCCKIIC MCTon61 CTaTI1CTliKII. M., 198:1.518 c. Curel-itch 1... Hedges L. V. Meta-analysis: Combining the results of indcpendent experiments II Design and analysis of ecological experiments I S. M. Schneider, J. Gurevitch (cds). Oxford, 200 I. P. 347-369. Sokal R. R., Rohlj'F. 1. Biometry: The principles and practice of statistics in biological research. 3 ed. New York. 1995.887 p. lar.l. H 13iostatislical analysis. 5 ed. Uppcr Saddle River: Pcarson Prentice Iiall. 2010.944 p. SUMMARY Recommendalions by V. S. [patov (Botanical Joumal, 2010. 95: 1494-1498) on the 3n31ysis of empirical data represent an obvious danger to readers with insufficient knowledge of modern statistics. Many statements by Ipatov are eltoneous; Ihe mos[ striking of them is the suggestion to refrain from using staustical methods when samples are small or when distribution of data deviates from n0ll11al. Usage oflllethodology suggested by [palov results in publications that contain neither raw data (that could be used by someone later on) nor stalistically grounded conclusions. We provide briefinfoll11ation on rank statislics and non-paramelrical methods that can be used when data do not fit assumption of normality. yill' 581.55 O~~ 112 : 58 bot. it\ypil.. 2012 r.. T. 97, N~ 3 B. C. I1naToB no rrobolly CTATbM M. B. K03JIOBA M E. JI. BOPOI>EHlfilKA «OCTOPO)l{HO - HEKOPPEKTHblE no)l,xo)l,bi K AHAJ1H3Y )l,ahhblx I1JIH 01> MCrrOJIb30BAHUM HEnAPAMETPHl. ECKUX METO)l,OB B fiotahj11-1eckhx HCCJIElI,OBAHM.SIX» v S. I PA TO v. ON TilE PAPER BY M. V. KOZLOV AND E. L. VOROBEICHIK «BEWARE INCORRECT APPROACHES TO DATA ANALYSIS, OR USE OF NON PARAMETRIC METHODS IN BOTANICAL RESEARCH" Cafln-lleTcp6yprcK'"' I"OcynapcTBeHH610 YHIIBcpcllTeT 199034 c. netep6ypr, YHHBepcIITeTcKaR IIa6., 7/9 TCIl: (812) 328-14 72 E tll~il: YSip31Ov@mail.tll noctynll1l3 02.1 1.20 II KOMMeHTapll" KCTaThe M. B. KOJnOBO "E. 11. Bopo6eO'!IIK3. K n 10 II e B bi e en 0 B a: CT:lnICTlll/CChI'lC ~lctod.bl, "l)llteprlll, seposithoctb, pacnpe.n.enehlle, LlOCTOBCPHOCTb. ABTOPbI (M. B. K03nOB II E. II. Bop06eH.4HK) OTK33bIBalO1'CJI OT nonemlikh, 04eBIILl HO. CLllnaJi COLlepJK3Ime cl30cil CTa1'bIl 36comoTHoii HCTIIHOi'i. H3 camom nelle, KaK 1I no KaJKy najlee, ectb 0 4eM cnophtb. MCXOnHb[fi nocbtn CTaTbIl - KIl. CTaTHCTf1 L leckhx MeTOLlOB, CTa1'I1CTH4eCKoro ahamna. Bo-nepBblx, TaKHX npll3blbob B CTa1'be HeT. 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